"High Acid Crudes" quickly gets the refinery manager and all other relative personnel up to date on this particular type of feedstock by providing an overview and relevant details of the identification of high acid crudes and their influence on the refinery s process units, especially regarding corrosion potential. Covering the types, effects on the various refining units, and proper acid stripping techniques, "High Acid Crudes" effectively trains refinery personnel with a quick reference guide for day-to-day use in today s refineries.

Due to their discounted value but potential for higher production rates, refineries are accepting more of high acidic crude feedstocks, otherwise referred to as opportunity or challenging crude oils. Refining of these resources is still increasing due to high oil prices, with China dominating this market and doubling their production of high acid crudes by 2015. Processing these resources can significantly increase any refinery s productivity, but knowledge and proper training for the refinery manager and crude supplier is key to reducing the risk that is commonly associated with high acid feedstocks, while still maintaining clean production standards.
Provides an overview of the identification of high acid crudes and their influence on the refinery s process unitsCovers the types of high acid crudes, effects on the various refining units, and proper acid stripping techniques Trains refinery personnel as a quick reference guide for day-to-day use for today s refinery"

As deepwater wells are drilled to greater depths, pipeline engineers and designers are confronted with new problems such as water depth, weather conditions, ocean currents, equipment reliability, and well accessibility. "Subsea Pipeline Design, Analysis and Installation" is based on the authors' 30 years of experience in offshore. The authors provide rigorous coverage of the entire spectrum of subjects in the discipline, from pipe installation and routing selection and planning to design, construction, and installation of pipelines in some of the harshest underwater environments around the world. All-inclusive, this must-have handbook covers the latest breakthroughs in subjects such as corrosion prevention, pipeline inspection, and welding, while offering an easy-to-understand guide to new design codes currently followed in the United States, United Kingdom, Norway, and other countries.
Gain expert coverage of international design codesUnderstand how to design pipelines and risers for today's deepwater oil and gasMaster critical equipment such as subsea control systems and pressure piping

According to NACE (National Association of Corrosion Engineers), the total annual cost of corrosion in petroleum refining takes up $3.7 billion in the US alone. Corrosion control is always a challenge for the downstream industry, but as the quality of feedstock is declining due to refineries accepting more of the heavy and shale gas and oil resources that are more readily available today, refinery managers, petroleum and natural gas engineers are unprepared for the new set of corrosion problems that are showing up in their equipment and processing units. "Oil and Gas Corrosion Prevention: From Surface Facilities to Refineries" quickly gets the engineer and manager up to speed on the latest types of corrosion common for these lower grade crude oils and gases as well as the best prevention methods for all of the major sections of the refinery, especially desalting and sulfur recovery units, which are the most common problem areas for unconventional feedstocks. Also covering the unique midstream sections, or point of entry to the refinery, as well as the major critical refinery equipment, "Oil and Gas Corrosion Prevention: From Surface Facilities to Refineries" offers the perfect quick cross-reference for the oil and gas community.
Gets engineers and managers up to speed on the latest types of corrosion common for lower grade crude oils and gases Provides the best prevention methods for all of the major sections of the refinery, especially desalting and sulfur recovery unitsCovers additional topics such as unique midstream sections, or point of entry to the refinery, as well as major critical refinery equipment

This is an invaluable reference for chemical, petroleum, and process engineers; chemists; chemical technologists; petroleum analysts; and, students in these disciplines. The book will be a welcome addition to the reference collection of large academic libraries at universities with programs in petroleum engineering. Apart from fundamentals and various refinery operations, this book also contains various UOP processes, Technology developments and description of production equipments. By going through 62 FAQ's in Chapter 9, a layman can understand the basic aspects of Petroleum Refinery.

Fuel is an idiosyncratic, speculative dictionary of fuels, real and imagined, historical and futuristic, hopeless and utopian. Drawing on literature, film, and scientific treatises-most produced long before "climate change" was in circulation-Fuel argues for a distinction between energy (a system of power) and fuel (a substance, which can be thought of as "potentiality") as it endeavors to undo the dream that we can simply switch to renewables and all will be golden. From "Air" to "Zyklon B," entries in this unusual "dictionary" include Algae, Clathrates, Dilithium, Fleece, Goats, Theology, Whale Oil, and many, many more. The tone of the entries ranges as widely as the topics: from historical anecdotes (the Ford Fiesta "boozemobile") to eccentric readings of the classics of "energy lit" (Germinal and Oil!); from literary observations (a high octane Odyssey?) to excursions into literary theory. The dictionary draws from an eccentric canon, including works by Jules Verne, George Eliot's Silas Marner, Paolo Bacigalupi's Windup Girl, and the Tom Cruise vehicle Oblivion, among others. A message from this ambitious project is that energy can be understood as a heterogeneous set of self-mystifying systems or machines that block access to thought as they fascinate us. Fuels emerge as more primal elements that the audience can grasp at various points along the way to consumption/combustion. This dictionary can help scramble our thinking about fuel-not in order to demonize energy and not in order to create a new hierarchy in which certain renewables take over from fossil fuels but instead to open up potential ways of interacting with real and imaginary substances, by wrenching them out of narrative and placing them into an idiosyncratic dictionary to be applied by readers into new narratives.

On January 1988, the ascertained and economically accessible reserves of Natural Gas (NG) amounted to over 144,000 billion cubic meters worldwide, corresponding to 124 billion tons of oil equivalents (comparable with the liquid oil reserves, which are estimated to be 138 billion TOE). It is hypothesized that the volume of NG reserve will continue to grow at the same rate of the last decade. Forecasts on production indicate a potential increase from about 2,000 billion cubic meters in 1990 to not more than 3,300 billion cubic meters in 2010, even in a high economic development scenario. NG consumption represents only one half of oil: 1.9 billion TOE/y as compared to 3.5 of oil. Consequently, in the future gas will exceed oil as a carbon atom source. In the future the potential for getting energetic vectors or petrochemicals from NG will continue to grow.

The topics covered in "Natural Gas Conversion V" reflect the large global R&D effort to look for new and economic ways of NG exploitation. These range from the direct conversion of methane and light paraffins to the indirect conversion through synthesis gas to fuels and chemicals. Particularly underlined and visible are the technologies already commercially viable.

These proceedings prove that mature and technologically feasible processes for natural gas conversion are already available and that new and improved catalytic approaches are currently developing, the validity and feasibility of which will soon be documented. This is an exciting area of modern catalysis, which will certainly open novel and rewarding perspectives for the chemical, energy and petrochemical industries.

The fields covered by the hydrogen energy topic have grown rapidly, and now it has become clearly multidisciplinary. In addition to production, hydrogen purification and especially storage are key challenges that could limit the use of hydrogen fuel. In this book, the purification of hydrogen with membrane technology and its storage in "solid" form using new hydrides and carbon materials are addressed. Other novelties of this volume include the power conditioning of water electrolyzers, the integration in the electric grid of renewable hydrogen systems and the future role of microreactors and micro-process engineering in hydrogen technology as well as the potential of computational fluid dynamics to hydrogen equipment design and the assessment of safety issues. Finally, and being aware that transportation will likely constitute the first commercial application of hydrogen fuel, two chapters are devoted to the recent advances in hydrogen fuel cells and hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engines for transport vehicles.

Hydrogen from water and biomass considered

Holistic approach to the topic of renewable hydrogen production

Power conditioning of water electrolyzers and integration of renewable hydrogen energy systems considered

Subjects not included in previous books on hydrogen energy

Micro process technology considered

Subject not included in previous books on hydrogen energy

Applications of CFD considered

Subject not included in previous books on hydrogen energy

Fundamental aspects will not be discussed in detail consciously as they are suitably addressed in previous books

Emphasis on technological advancements

Chapters written by recognized experts

Up-to date approach to the subjects and relevant bibliographic references

This revised edition of The Properties of Petroleum Fluids expands its scope as a petroleum fluids reference book for the practising petroleum engineer and a college text. It offers detail on the physical properties most often used to describe behaviour equations of liquids and gases by including chapters on phase behaviour.

With most of the easy gas and oil reserves discovered and prices rebounding, companies are now drilling far offshore in extreme weather condition environments. As deepwater wells are drilled to greater depths, engineers and designers are confronted with new problems such as water depth, weather conditions, ocean currents, equipment reliability, and well accessibility. "Offshore Structure Design, Construction and Maintenance" covers all types of offshore structures and platforms employed worldwide.

The ultimate reference for selecting, operating and maintaining offshore structures, this book provides a road map for designing structures which will stand up even in the harshest environments. The selection of the proper type of offshore structure is discussed from a technical and economic point of view. The design procedure for the fixed offshore structure will be presented and how to review the design to reach the optimum solution. Nonlinear analysis (Push over) analysis will be presented as a new technique to design and assess the existing structure. Pile design and tubular joint with the effect of fatigue loading will be presented also from a theoretical and a practical point of view.

With this book in hand, engineers receive the most up-to-date methods for performing a structural life cycle analysis; implement maintenance plans for topsides and jackets, using non destructive testing. Under water inspection is discussed for hundreds of platforms in detail. Advanced repair methodology for scour, marine growth and damaged or deteriorating members are discussed. Risk based under water inspection techniques are covered from a practical pint of view. In addition, the book will be supported by an online modeling and simulation program with will allow designers to save time and money by verifying assumptions online.
One stop guide to offshore structure design and analysis Easy to understand methods for structural life cycle analysisExpert advice for designing offshore platforms for all types of environments Save time and money by verifying designs online

The present crude oil and natural gas reservoirs around the world have depleted conventional production levels. To continue enhancing productivity for the remaining mature reservoirs, drilling decision-makers could no longer rely on traditional balanced or overbalanced methods of drilling. Derived from conventional air drilling, underbalanced drilling is increasingly necessary to meet today s energy and drilling needs. While more costly and extreme, underbalanced drilling can minimize pressure within the formation, increase drilling rate of penetration, reduce formation damage and lost circulation, making mature reservoirs once again viable and more productive. To further explain this essential drilling procedure, Bill Rehm, an experienced legend in drilling along with his co-editors, has compiled a handbook perfect for the drilling supervisor.

"Underbalanced Drilling: Limits and Extremes," written under the auspices of the IADC Technical Publications Committee, contain many great features and contributions including: Real case studies shared by major service companies to give the reader guidelines on what might happen in actual operationsQuestions and answers at the end of the chapters for upcoming engineers to test their knowledgeCommon procedures, typical and special equipment involved, and most importantly, the limits and challenges that still surround this technology"

The first edition of the book Coal: Typology - Chemistry - Physics - Constitution appeared in 1961. In 1981 a new edition was published in which the text was unaltered proving that after 20 years the book was still considered a standard work in its field. The enormous activities in the 80's in the field of coal conversion processes (especially gasification and
liquefaction) and the equally amazing development of instrumental techniques of observation and analysis prompted a complete revision and update of the book. The present edition contains 1000 pages compared to the 514 pages of its predecessors of 1961 and 1981. The number of illustrations has greatly increased from 253 to 574 and that of the tables from 76 to 208. These figures amply testify to the increase in coal research.

Compared with its former editions, the present book treats a considerable number of new subjects: modern concepts of geotectonics and of organic geochemistry; the problem of pseudohomogeneity of vitrinite; developments of the classification and systematics of coals and coal components (macerals); an expose on electron microscopy and the most important instrumental physical methods of analysis (FTIR, NMR, ESCA and analytical pyrolysis combined with gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy); the principles of physical-statistical structure analysis based on the concept of additivity of a large number of molar functions; a revision of Seyler's ideas of discrete steps in coalification; an essay on coal fluorescence; and the survey on magnetic properties - magnetic susceptibility and magnetic resonance - is considerably enlarged. A completely new chapter is added on cohesion and adhesion phenomena as found in coals. The chapter on solvent extraction and solubilisation is
significantly enlarged and new concepts are discussed. The actions of hydrogen, molecular oxygen and oxidising agents on coal are updated and a newly written chapter treats the grand processes of coal conversion (combustion, gasification, carbonisation and liquefaction). Coal constitution in its diverse aspects is revised with a practically complete survey of many proposed coal models. Essays on synthetic coal analogues and on the simulation of natural coalification are added. Also new is the compendium, a set of comprehensive tables, containing the most important numerical data of this book in a fully
comparative form.

Every chapter has its own bibliography, divided into general references (leading books on the treated subject) and special references, which are quotations of scientific papers discussed in the text. The extensive subject index, complete index of names and the compendium are provided in order to facilitate usage as an encyclopedic work.

This book presents selected contributions to the NATO Advanced Research Workshop "Carbon Nanomaterials in Clean Energy Hydrogen Systems" held in June 2010. These original papers reflect recent progress in response to the modern-day requirements in chemistry of carbon nanomaterials and metal-hydrogen systems. Successor to the 2008 proceedings, this second volume focuses on research and application studies of materials capable of interacting actively with hydrogen, also addressing questions of hydrogen accumulation and storage. As a whole, it provides a review of the most relevant areas of hydrogen materials interactions and carbon nanomaterials science, making it invaluable for all researchers, physicists, chemists, post-graduates and young scientists interested in the structure, properties and applications of different nanocarbon materials.

This book gives a broad overview of the key topics in this field of study, approaching them from a technical and economic angle giving the reader a comprehensive insight into biofuels as a whole. Dealing specifically with liquid and gaseous biofuels that can be produced from renewable resources this text also gives a summary of the past, present and future production technologies and applications of biofuels.
This book is particularly relevant as it highlights the extensive debate of the on-going global needs to find alternative fuels, making it not only a necessary text for working professionals and researchers in the field, but for anyone with an interest in sustaining the earth.

Materials technology has a significant role to play in the continuing drive to reduce both the capital and operational costs of offshore installations. In particular, the progressive advances in the understanding of composite materials is particularly important in the harsh environment of the offshore oil and gas industry. This text presents a collection of papers from an IMechE seminar on the subject.

A comprehensive and detailed reference guide on the integrity and safety of oil and gas pipelines, both onshore and offshore Covers a wide variety of topics, including design, pipe manufacture, pipeline welding, human factors, residual stresses, mechanical damage, fracture and corrosion, protection, inspection and monitoring, pipeline cleaning, direct assessment, repair, risk management, and abandonment Links modern and vintage practices to help integrity engineers better understand their system and apply up-to-date technology to older infrastructure Includes case histories with examples of solutions to complex problems related to pipeline integrity Includes chapters on stress-based and strain-based design, the latter being a novel type of design that has only recently been investigated by designer firms and regulators Provides information to help those who are responsible to establish procedures for ensuring pipeline integrity and safety

Reviews shale reservoir characteristics and cut-offs used in ranking development opportunities and selecting specific completion intervals. The included information is concise and practical as it is primarily intended for those directly engaged in shale evaluation and development activities. The book expands upon topics the author covers in three industry short courses that have been conducted for hundreds of industry professionals in a dozen different countries.