Combustion Engineering & Gas Utilisation is a practical guide to sound engineering practice for engineers from industry and commerce responsible for the selection, installation, designing and maintenance of efficient and safe gas fired heating equipment.

Gas turbines play an important role in power generation and aeroengines. An extended survey of methods associated with the control and systems identification in these engines, Dynamic Modelling of Gas Turbines reviews current methods and presents a number of new perspectives.- Describes a total modelling and identification program for various classes of aeroengine, allowing you to deal with the engine's behaviour over its complete life cycle- Shows how the above regime can be applied to a real engine balancing the theory with practical use- Follows a comparative approach to the study of existing and newly derived techniques thus offering an informed choice of controllers and models from the tied-and trusted to the most up-to-date evolutionary optimisation models- Presents entirely novel work in modelling, optimal control and systems identification to help you get the most from your engine designsDynamic Modelling of Gas Turbines represents the latest research of three groups of internationally recognised experts in gas turbine studies. It will be of interest to academics working in aeroengine control and to industrial practitioners in companies concerned with their design. The work

Creates a wide-ranging knowledge base on gas sensor design and fabrication work as applied to industrial and hazardous sectors Provides restructured literature for researchers and academicians working in the field of design and fabrication of gas sensors. Delivers state-of-the-art work going on in the domain, including micro- and nano-sensors Covers the whole range of gas-sensing aspects, from basics, synthesis, and processing to characterization, testing, and application development Serves as a ready reckoner with a wealth of information to aspiring graduate and postdoctoral researchers engaged in the gas-sensing domain

Hydraulic Rig Technology and Operations delivers the full spectrum of topics critical to running a hydraulic rig. Also referred to as a snubbing unit, this single product covers all the specific specialties and knowledge needed to keep production going, from their history, to components and equipment. Also included are the practical calculations, uses, drilling examples, and technology used today. Supported by definitions, seal materials and shapes, and Q&A sections within chapters, this book gives drilling engineers the answers they need to effectively run and manage hydraulic rigs from anywhere in the world.

Vacuum technology finds itself in many areas of industry and research. These include materials handling, packaging, gas sampling, filtration, degassing of oils and metals, thin-film coating, electron microscopy, particle acceleration, and impregnation of electrical components. It is vital to design systems that are appropriate to the application, and with so many potential solutions this can become overwhelming. Vacuum Technique provides an overview of vacuum technology, its different design methodologies, and the underlying theory. The author begins with a summary of the properties of low-pressure gases, then moves on to describe mathematical modeling of gas transfer in the vacuum system, the operation of pumps and gauges, computer-aided synthesis and analysis of systems, and the design of different vacuum systems. In particular, the author discusses the structure and characteristics of low, middle, high, and superhigh vacuum systems, as well as the characteristics of joints, materials, movement inputs, and all aspects of production technology and construction standards. Using specific examples rather than describing the various elements, Vacuum Technique supplies engineers, technicians, researchers, and students with needed expertise and a comprehensive guide to designing, selecting, and using an appropriate vacuum system for a specific purpose.

Hydraulic Fracture Modeling delivers all the pertinent technology and solutions in one product to become the go-to source for petroleum and reservoir engineers. Providing tools and approaches, this multi-contributed reference presents current and upcoming developments for modeling rock fracturing including their limitations and problem-solving applications. Fractures are common in oil and gas reservoir formations, and with the ongoing increase in development of unconventional reservoirs, more petroleum engineers today need to know the latest technology surrounding hydraulic fracturing technology such as fracture rock modeling. There is tremendous research in the area but not all located in one place. Covering two types of modeling technologies, various effective fracturing approaches and model applications for fracturing, the book equips today's petroleum engineer with an all-inclusive product to characterize and optimize today's more complex reservoirs.

Abrasive Water Jet Perforation and Multi-Stage Fracturing gives petroleum engineers, well completion managers and fracturing specialists a critical guide to understanding all the details of the technology including materials, tools, design methods and field applications. The exploitation and development of unconventional oil and gas resources has continued to gain importance, and multi-stage fracturing with abrasive water jets has emerged as one of the top three principal methods to recover unconventional oil and gas, yet there is no one collective reference to explain the fundamentals, operations and influence this method can deliver. The book introduces current challenges and gives solutions for the problems encountered. Packed with references and real-world examples, the book equips engineers and specialists with a necessary reservoir stimulation tool to better understand today's fracturing technology.

Practical Onshore Gas Field Engineering delivers the necessary framework to help engineers understand the needs of the reservoir, including sections on early transmission and during the life of the well. Written from a reservoir perspective, this reference includes methods and equipment from gas reservoirs, covering the gathering stage at the gas facility for transportation and processing. Loaded with real-world case studies and examples, the book offers a variety of different types of gas fields that demonstrate how surface systems can work through each scenario. Users will gain an increased understanding of today's gas system aspects, along with tactics on how to optimize bottom line revenue. As reservoir and production engineers face many challenges in getting gas from the reservoir to the final sales point, especially as a result of the shale boom, a new demand for more facility engineers now exists in the market. This book addresses new challenges in the market and brings new tactics to the forefront.

This current and comprehensive book provides an updated treatment of molecular gas dynamics topics for aerospace engineers, or anyone researching high-temperature gas flows for hypersonic vehicles and propulsion systems. It demonstrates how the areas of quantum mechanics, kinetic theory, and statistical mechanics can combine in order to facilitate the study of nonequilibrium processes of internal energy relaxation and chemistry. All of these theoretical ideas are used to explain the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method, a numerical technique based on molecular simulation. Because this text provides comprehensive coverage of the physical models available for use in the DSMC method, in addition to the equations and algorithms required to implement the DSMC numerical method, readers will learn to solve nonequilibrium flow problems and perform computer simulations, and obtain a more complete understanding of various physical modeling options for DSMC than is available in other texts.

Rarely covered in formal engineering courses, natural gas hydrates are a common problem and real-life danger for engineers worldwide. Updated and more practical than ever, "Natural Gas Hydrates, Third Edition" helps managers and engineers get up to speed on all the most common hydrate types, how to forecast when they will appear, and safely mitigate their removal. Known for being highly flammable, gas hydrates are a preventable threat that can costs millions of dollars in damage, as well as take the lives of workers and engineers on the rig. The third edition of "Natural Gas Hydrates" is enhanced with today s more complex yet practical utilization needs including: New hydrate types and formers, including mercaptans and other sulfur compoundsVital information on how to handle hydrate formation in the wellbore, useful information in light of the Macondo explosion and resulting oil spillMore detailed phase diagrams, such as ternary systems, as well as more relevant multicomponent mixtures
Quantifiably measure the conditions that make hydrates possible and mitigate the right equipment correctlyPredict and examine the conditions at which hydrates form with simple and complex calculation exercisesGain knowledge and review lessons learned from new real-world case studies and examples, covering capital costs, dehydration, and new computer methods"

Updated and better than ever, "Design of Gas-Handling Systems and Facilities, 3rd Edition "includes greatly expanded chapters on gas-liquid separation, gas sweetening, gas liquefaction, and gas dehydration information necessary and critical to production and process engineers and designers. Natural gas is at the forefront of today's energy needs, and this book walks you through the equipment and processes used in gas-handling operations, including conditioning and processing, to help you effectively design and manage your gas production facility. Taking a logical approach from theory into practical application, "Design of Gas-Handling Systems and Facilities, 3rd Edition "contains many supporting equations as well as detailed tables and charts to facilite process design. Based on real-world case studies and experience, this must-have training guide is a reference that no natural gas practitioner and engineer should be without.
Packed with charts, tables, and diagramsFeatures the prerequisite ASME and API codesUpdated chapters on gas-liquid separation, gas sweetening, gas liquefaction and gas dehydration"

Natural gas is considered the dominant worldwide bridge between fossil fuels of today and future resources of tomorrow. Thanks to the recent shale boom in North America, natural gas is in a surplus and quickly becoming a major international commodity. Stay current with conventional and now unconventional gas standards and procedures with "Natural Gas Processing: Technology and Engineering Design." Covering the entire natural gas process, Bahadori's must-have handbook provides everything you need to know about natural gas, including: Fundamental background on natural gas properties and single/multiphase flow factorsHow to pinpoint equipment selection criteria, such as US and international standards, codes, and critical design considerationsA step-by-step simplification of the major gas processing procedures, like sweetening, dehydration, and sulfur recoveryDetailed explanation on plant engineering and design steps for natural gas projects, helping managers and contractors understand how to schedule, plan, and manage a safe and efficient processing plant
Covers both conventional and unconventional gas resources such as coal bed methane and shale gasBridges natural gas processing with basic and advanced engineering design of natural gas projects including real world case studiesDigs deeper with practical equipment sizing calculations for flare systems, safety relief valves, and control valves

The objective of this book is to provide engineers with the necessary tools and techniques for formulating plans, designs, cost estimates and specifications for pipeline construction and field maintenance and modernization programs. Packed with easy to read and understand tables, pipeline schematics, bullet lists and "what to do next" checklists. This easy to use book covers the design, construction, and operation of onshore pipeline systems. The incorporate construction methods, commissioning, pressure testing, and start up into the design of a pipeline system. The focus is on pipeline routing, mechanical design, construction methods, hydraulics, installation, and operations of onshore pipeline systems. With this book readers will acquire and/or consolidate the essential knowledge and skills to design, construct, and operate pipelines. Design and simulation problems are an integral part of this book. With this book in hand, engineers will be able to:

Routine auditing of technical work output relative to technical input and established criteria and expectations.

Assessment and estimation of work scope including pipeline design integrity and resourcing requirements from enquiry through to project completion.

To carry out conceptual designs in support of concept selection studies.
Back-of-the envelope calculationsChecklists for maintenance operationsChecklists for environmental complianceSimulations, modeling tools and equipment designGuide for pump and pumping station placement

The expansion of unconventional petroleum resources in the recent decade and the rapid development of computational technology have provided the opportunity to develop and apply 3D numerical modeling technology to simulate the hydraulic fracturing of shale and tight sand formations. This book presents 3D numerical modeling technologies for hydraulic fracturing developed in recent years, and introduces solutions to various 3D geomechanical problems related to hydraulic fracturing. In the solution processes of the case studies included in the book, fully coupled multi-physics modeling has been adopted, along with innovative computational techniques, such as submodeling. In practice, hydraulic fracturing is an essential project component in shale gas/oil development and tight sand oil, and provides an essential measure in the process of drilling cuttings reinjection (CRI). It is also an essential measure for widened mud weight window (MWW) when drilling through naturally fractured formations; the process of hydraulic plugging is a typical application of hydraulic fracturing. 3D modeling and numerical analysis of hydraulic fracturing is essential for the successful development of tight oil/gas formations: it provides accurate solutions for optimized stage intervals in a multistage fracking job. It also provides optimized well-spacing for the design of zipper-frac wells. Numerical estimation of casing integrity under stimulation injection in the hydraulic fracturing process is one of major concerns in the successful development of unconventional resources. This topic is also investigated numerically in this book. Numerical solutions to several other typical geomechanics problems related to hydraulic fracturing, such as fluid migration caused by fault reactivation and seismic activities, are also presented. This book can be used as a reference textbook to petroleum, geotechnical and geothermal engineers, to senior undergraduate, graduate and postgraduate students, and to geologists, hydrogeologists, geophysicists and applied mathematicians working in this field. This book is also a synthetic compendium of both the fundamentals and some of the most advanced aspects of hydraulic fracturing technology.

Hundreds of million tonnes of agricultural and food waste are produced each year around the world, most of which is just that, waste. Anaerobic digestion, biogas and the heat and electricity that can be produced from it is still a nascent industry in many countries, yet the benefits of AD spread throughout the community: Gives good financial returns to farmers and eco-entrepreneurs. Helps community leaders meet various policies and legislative targets. Offers an environmentally sensitive waste disposal option. Provides a local heat and power supply, & creates employment opportunities Reduces greenhouse gas emissions, as well as providing an organic fertilizer. Although the process of AD itself is relatively simple there are several system options available to meet the demands of different feedstocks. This book describes, in simple, easy to read language the five common systems of AD; how they work, the impact of scale, the basic requirements, the costs and financial implications, and how to get involved in this rapidly growing green industry.

Papers presented at the First and Second IGT Symposium, Chicago, IL, USA, 26-28 August 1985 and 30 April-2 May 1986.

Hydrogen is widely billed as the fuel of the future. For this to be a reality there is a pressing need for a safe, economic and reliable way to transport hydrogen, particularly for automotive applications. This has prompted a world-wide effort to develop novel materials that are re-usable and capable of storing and releasing significant (> 6 wt%) quantities of hydrogen. In addition to compressed (either liquid or gaseous) hydrogen, two main themes are being explored: adsorption of hydrogen by materials and "chemical hydrogen" where hydrogen is reacted with a material. The discussion will focus on both themes, from synthesis and characterisation to application of such novel materials. The focus will be on the wider issues involved in synthetic routes, characterisation, materials properties, rather than simply on examples. The importance of the interplay of theory and experiment will be stressed. Faraday Discussion 151, organised by the Faraday Division, aims to bring together the diverse range of workers in the field of hydrogen storage materials, from those involved in materials discovery and characterisation, to those studying mechanisms or developing applications. The Discussion will both inform people of alternative strategies and encourage new ideas and approaches. The themes cover: -Application of theory and spectroscopic methods to understand hydrogenation/dehydrogenation mechanisms -Novel approaches such as catalysed hydrogenation/dehydrogenation of organic molecules, encapsulation of nanosized materials in carbon or polymers -Chemical hydrogen: characterisation and properties of main group and transition metal borohydrides and alanates, ternary and quaternary metal hydrides, reactive hydride composites -Adsorbed/physisorbed hydrogen on or in MOFs, promoted carbons and other materials with large internal or external surface area -Applications including uses for automotives and novel battery materials

Hydrogen is an almost ideal fuel and its wider use will result in an improvement in the environment due to factors including decreased air pollution. Hydrogen is the element of greatest abundance in the universe; however, its production from renewable resources remains a major challenge. The papers presented within this volume enhance and expand upon presentations made at the "Workshop on Biohydrogen 2002." The contents evaluate the current status of Biohydrogen research worldwide and consider future research directions.
* Important research on new fuel opportunities
* 15 contributions from the world's leading experts

Contents:
Introduction 1. Properties of Gases at Low Pressures 2. Theory 3. Measurement of Vacum 4. Mechanical Methods of Vacum Production 5. Physico-Chemical Methods of Vacum Production 6. Analysis of the Vacum Systems 7. Design of Vacum Systems 8. Construction of Vacum Systems 9. Problems Reference Tables Appendix References Index

Recently there has been a widespread resurgence of interest in the applications of hydrogen as a "clean fuel" with its potential for local electricity production and use in transport. The last five years have seen breakthroughs in our understanding of the nature, structure and biosynthesis of hydrogenases. This book is a timely description of these developments, taking a lucid, multidisciplinary approach.
Scientists in fields such as clean technology, biochemistry, electrochemistry, agriculture and general biotechnology will find this an accessible resource bringing together the many facets of these enzymes.

eBook available with sample pages: 0203471040

Gas Separation by Adsorption Processes is a complete treatise on all aspects of adsorptive processes. It covers all fundamental principles as well as process design and simulation of gas adsorption processes for separation and purification. This highly popular book in the field has now been reprinted and made available in paperback form.

On January 1988, the ascertained and economically accessible reserves of Natural Gas (NG) amounted to over 144,000 billion cubic meters worldwide, corresponding to 124 billion tons of oil equivalents (comparable with the liquid oil reserves, which are estimated to be 138 billion TOE). It is hypothesized that the volume of NG reserve will continue to grow at the same rate of the last decade. Forecasts on production indicate a potential increase from about 2,000 billion cubic meters in 1990 to not more than 3,300 billion cubic meters in 2010, even in a high economic development scenario. NG consumption represents only one half of oil: 1.9 billion TOE/y as compared to 3.5 of oil. Consequently, in the future gas will exceed oil as a carbon atom source. In the future the potential for getting energetic vectors or petrochemicals from NG will continue to grow.

The topics covered in "Natural Gas Conversion V" reflect the large global R&D effort to look for new and economic ways of NG exploitation. These range from the direct conversion of methane and light paraffins to the indirect conversion through synthesis gas to fuels and chemicals. Particularly underlined and visible are the technologies already commercially viable.

These proceedings prove that mature and technologically feasible processes for natural gas conversion are already available and that new and improved catalytic approaches are currently developing, the validity and feasibility of which will soon be documented. This is an exciting area of modern catalysis, which will certainly open novel and rewarding perspectives for the chemical, energy and petrochemical industries.

Featuring a detailed analysis of current approval requirements and the relevant safety assessment methods for gas cylinders in general and with main focus on composite cylinders for storing compressed natural gas and hydrogen, this book demonstrates how current regulations and standards limit the ability to reduce cost and weight. Based on this data, it then highlights the potential offered by the proposed approval procedure based on probabilistic safety assessment After addressing the economic potential of probabilistic safety assessments, the book details working procedures and improving cycles and (slow) bursts as methods for assessing residual strength. It then discusses methods for statistically evaluating test data, as well as sample- size and distribution-character considerations. A definition of sample strength is elaborated in terms of the performance sheets developed by the author. On this basis, it discusses safety as a property of service life and interpreted as an issue of degradation, and explores aspects of artificial aging for simulating the end-of-life reliability level. Lastly, the book considers control and inspection aspects: quality of production, degradation prediction using destructive sample tests parallel to operation, retesting periods and correcting for under- and overestimates of safe lifetime. Presented in schematic diagrams, illustrations and tables, this information enables manufacturers and operators to use this new approach in practice and supports the improvement of current regulations and standards.

Covering the principles of chromatographic separation, the chromatographic process from a physical chemical perspective, instrumentation for performing analyses, and operational procedures, this second edition offers information needed for the successful practice of gas chromatography. It contains examples of available apparatus, detectors, columns, stationary phases and operating conditions.

This self-contained reference covers the chemistry, process chemistry, technology, engineering, and economics of methane conversion, including its environmental impact and commercial exploitation. Beginning with methane's availability and increasing importance as an environmentally acceptable natural resource alternative and feedstock, Methane and Its Derivatives elucidates derivative production by synthesis gas and methane conversion routes discusses methanol and ammonia synthesis, synthetic gasoline, and oxygenate fuels technologies presents data on critical, supercritical, and transport properties, chemical reactions and equilibria, and solubility introduces recent gas engineering techniques, from NOx and SOx removal, and membrane gas separation, to multiphase transport phenomena and cryogenic processes surveys contemporary analytical chemistry and trace component identification methodologies highlights current trends of petrochemical industries and much more