Although reading can be regarded as an isolated and private endeavor, the white space in the margins of a printed book or the comments section at the end of an online article can provide a welcomed space for interaction. Annotation and marginalia share similar meanings: a reader's contribution to a text, which might consist of alphabetic, image, and video content. While it has always been more common to think of this strategy in the context of a student and a textbook, it is being more widely used through online communications, such as commenting on, "liking," and sharing social media posts. The behaviors of readers as they engage with a text says a lot about their involvement, interest, and intentions. Marginalia in Modern Learning Contexts is a collection of innovative research on the methods and applications of interaction between readers and texts through digital means such as commenting or physical annotation such as writing in the margins of a book and how these strategies can be applied in educational settings. While highlighting topics including social annotation, teacher education, and technological expertise, this book is ideally designed for educators, administrators, academicians, researchers, and students seeking current research on digital and physical annotation methods and strategies and their applications in educational environments.

In order to develop student competencies in K-12 and Higher Education environments, evidence-based tools and concepts are essential in ensuring the development of student skills and proficiencies. Evidence-based pedagogical practices leading to student learning preferences culturally and internationally are essential to educational success. Challenges and Opportunities in Global Approaches to Education is an essential research publication that provides evidence-based tools and concepts to develop student competencies in the K-20 environment. Chapters in the monograph cover topics in a theoretical context such as how technology, online learning, and culture inform evidence-based development of student competencies. This book is essential for curriculum teachers, designers, instructional designers, administrators, professionals, researchers, academicians, and students concerned with the management of expertise, knowledge, information, and organizational development in different types of educational communities and environments.

Dr Paul W Dyer has been studying the mind and human condition for over 45 years. Dr Paul wants to challenge himself and the reader to explore thoughts and construction of thought. Take this time and begin to break down the walls of mental slavery and up-rise from within.