West African Worlds: Paths through Socio-economic Change, Livelihoods and Development provides a critical assessment of social, economic and political change in Africa's most populous, most balkanised and, arguably, most externally-orientated region. Centering on the diversity which inheres in livelihood pursuits and development interventions at different scales and in a variety of localities, the book combines a focus on livelihoods and development with a rejuvenated role for the state in development intervention and mediation. the study of society and nature which bridges the region's linguistic and political divides * Multi-level analyses of diversity and change from a range of disciplinary perspectives, including fictional writing * Examples and case studies cover the full range of geographic scales, combining broader-scale political economy with individual, household and group livelihood concerns * An impressive mix of West African and West Africanist voices from a variety of geographical locations * Highlights both the unity and diversity of regional contexts in the pursuit of livelihoods and for the practice of development* Focuses on both evolutionary and transformational change Combines theory and application with policy and practice students taking courses in Development Studies, Geography, Politics, Anthropology and Sociology. It will also be of interest to researchers, policy makers, development planners and practitioners, as well as anyone with an interest in socio-economic dynamics and change in the region. Reginald Cline-Cole is Senior Lecturer in Geography in the Centre of West African Studies at the University of Birmingham. Elsbeth Robson is Lecturer in Development Studies in the School of Earth Sciences and Geography at Keele University.Series Editor: David Simon

Taipei's quest to become a global city, which began in the 1960's, is the city's urban development. "Globalizing Taipei "reveals how the development of this capital of an Asian Dragon, key city in the South China Growth Triangle, and center for transnational production, has received firm state support, but is conditioned by international and domestic politics.
Divided into four parts -- economic and spatial restructuring, state and society realignment, social differentiation, and cultural reorientation -- the book analyses the interaction of international, state and local politics in the shaping of the city's urban environment from the Second World War to the present day.
All the contributors to this edited volume, except the editor, are Taiwan scholars, presenting the critical insiders' views for Taiwan. Based on each author's specialization and research interest, each chapter provides an in-depth analyses of one of Taipei's developmental issues generated by globalization. Collectively, they provide a broad, insightful and coherent coverage of this crucial era of Taipei's global transition.

Perception has always been conceptualized as one of the most relevant processes within General Psychology. Perception theories also constitute one of the most firmly grounded roots of psychological knowledge, and their increasing scientific contribution has been recognized and used in many different disciplines and fields of research.
Environmental perception plays a similar role within the framework of Environmental Psychology. Theories and research in environmental perception are interested primarily in the processes involved in the development and processing of mental representations developed by subjects to better interpret and understand what surrounds them.
One of the first and principal concepts developed to investigate the mental representations of an environment is the cognitive map. Since Tolman coined the term, the concept of cognitive map has evolved to integrate many different sources which can influence such mental representations. The first of these sources is the environment itself. Studies on spatial orientation and spatial perception are primarily focused on the way that physical characteristics of the environment influence knowledge, wayfinding ability or orientation capabilities of the subjects.
All the works in this special issue are proof of the complexity of aspects involved in the understanding of the nature of the relation between people and the environment, as well as the high number of disciplines needed to deal with it. At all events, this issue seeks to shed some light on every aspect which may be relevant or may contribute to theoretical development in this scientific field.

This title was first published in 2001: Despite considerable expansion, the scholarly literature on political corruption has remained fragmentary, often polarized, consisting either of sweeping systematic statements, or case-specific examples. Perry bridges this gap and proves the need for further such study in this most worthwhile examination of the place of political corruption in Australia. The Australian experience is paid thorough, yet concise attention and then it is related to the concept of political corruption in its various and changing forms and interpretations. Assuming no familiarity with the central intellectual issues, Perry lucidly explores them in terms of their method, practice and definition with particular reference to Australia. Primarily suitable for academics interested in politics, geography, development studies, history and sociology, this book's accessible style also makes it of interest to a general audience.

This work evaluates the merits of a widely-used approach to natural resource management, participatory action research (PAR), an approach to resource management that strives to link researchers with farmers and other local residents whose lives are effected by long-range conservation programmes. The authors begin the book with the history of PAR, and then use a variety of case studies that chronicle sustainable development efforts in Brazil. They evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of these efforts and suggest specific ways to improve on future PAR efforts.

During recent years, an increasing amount of academic research has focused on older people with a particular emphasis on settings, places and spaces. This book provides a comprehensive review of research and the policy area of 'ageing and place'.

An insightful book on an important topic, Andrews and Phillips have together edited a valuable information and reference source for those with interests in the spatial dimensions of ageing in the twenty-first century. Ranging from macro-scale perspectives on the distribution of older populations on national scales, to the meaning of specific local places and settings to older individuals, on the micro-scale, the book spans an entire range of research traditions and international perspectives.

Tremendous social and economic changes have taken place in Chinese Cities since China embarked on a reform programme. Such changes are best manifested in the built environment of the cities where geographic space, social life, demographic composition and economic production have witnessed restructuring from socialist patterns to increasingly market based forms.
"Restructuring the Chinese City" brings together contributions from leading scholars on urban China to shed important light on critical issues of recent change in Chinese cities. The book will focus on how the new economy and changing society have (re)shaped urban space and place, and how the interplay among global, national and local forces comes together to reconfigure Chinese urban Space.
Empirically grounded studies posit the significance of urban China research beyond the (post-) socialist city model. In the process it helping to theorize the changing regime of accumulation and spatial restructuring in the contemporary urban world.

This book is the first contemporary book to compare and integrate the various ways geographers think about and use scale across the spectrum of the discipline and includes state-of-the-art contributions by authoritative human geographers, physical geographers, and GIS specialists.

The editors place competing concepts of scale side by side, demonstrating how different aspects are significant for each, and providing a detailed comparative assessment. They set out from the premise that there is much acknowledged common ground between these different approaches and that valuable insight can be gained by exploring it.

In light of the increased interest in global change and globalisation, there has been a huge surge of interest in the environmental and human sciences in the relationship between the global, the regional and the local. For this reason, this cutting edge survey of how geographers conceptualise scale should be of interest across a broad range of disciplines.

Drawing on a rich diversity of theoretical approaches and analytical strategies, urban geographers have been at the forefront of understanding the global and local processes shaping cities, and of making sense of the urban experiences of a wide variety of social groups. Through their links with those working in the fields of urban policy design, urban geographers have also played an important role in the analysis of the economic and social problems confronting cities. Capturing the diversity of scholarship in the field of urban geography, this reader presents a stimulating selection of articles and excerpts by leading figures. Organized around seven themes, it addresses the changing economic, social, cultural, and technological conditions of contemporary urbanization and the range of personal and public responses. It reflects the academic importance of urban geography in terms of both its theoretical and empirical analysis as well as its applied policy relevance, and features extensive editorial input in the form of general, section and individual extract introductions. Bringing together in one volume 'classic' and contemporary pieces of urban geography, studies undertaken in the developed and developing worlds, and examples of theoretical and applied research, it provides in a convenient, student-friendly format, an unparalleled resource for those studying the complex geographies of urban areas.

The Encyclopedia of the City focuses on the key topics encountered by undergraduates and scholars in urban studies and allied fields. Contributors include major theoreticians and practitioners, and on other individuals, groups, and organizations which study the city or practice in a field that directly or indirectly affects the city, the Encyclopedia necessarily adopts an interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary perspective.

A solid but also provocative starting point for wider exploration of the city, this is a first-class work of reference that will be an essential resource for independent study as well as a useful aid in teaching.

This introduction to Mongolian literature, both oral and written, from the thirteenth to the nineteenth century, provides a rare insight into the changing worldviews-from clan society to Soviet culture-of the Mongolian people. Translated by renown scholar Charles Bawden, the work is organized into Histories, Legends, Didactic literature, Epics, Shamanistic Incantations, Folk-tales, Myths, Sino-Mongolian Prose Literature, Lyrics and Other Verse, and Reminiscences, concluding with a modern short story. This highly important work, which makes the rich tradition of Mongolian literature available for the first time, will be essential reading for many years to come.

This new introductory textbook provides an integrated, up-to-date introduction to the lands, people, and cultures of the non-Western world. Through a cross-cultural and multi-disciplinary approach, the book focuses on critical issues of development, environment, and cultural conflicts facing most areas of the non-Western world. Areas covered include China, Japan, Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, the Middle East, and sub-Saharan Africa. Each chapter focuses on one of these regions, framing within historical context the issues of geography, socioeconomics, politics, culture, environment, human rights, and gender. Illustrations and sidebar boxes augment the text.

Urban sprawl is one of the key planning issues today. This book compares Western Europe and the USA, focusing on anti-sprawl policies. The USA is known for its settlement patterns that emphasize low-density suburban development and extreme automobile dependence, whereas European countries emphasize higher densities, pro-transit policies and more compact urban growth. Yet, on closer inspection, the differences are not as wide as first appears. A key feature of the book is the attention given to France; its experience is little known in the English-speaking world. The book concludes that both continents can offer each other useful insights and perhaps policy guidance.

The recent American invasion of Iraq represents the "endgame" of America's decades-old effort to impose its vision of globalization-a system dominated by multinational firms and buttressed by the liberalism of John Locke and Adam Smith. Whereas the war surely ended Saddam Hussein's regime, the storm of countervailing forces it unleashed points to another end: that of America's latest global project.
This is not the first time that the US has tried to reshape the world in its own liberal image, but the third. The first effort stretched from the late nineteenth century to 1920, ending when America rejected entry into the League of Nations. The FDR administration engineered the second attempt in the 1940s, but it withered in the Cold War. The third moment-the era of globalization-began in the late 1960s, when the US transformed the Bretton Woods financial institutions and used its own economic power to enforce a worldwide neoliberal orthodoxy tied to an ideal of liberal democracy. But the effort is failing for the same reasons the preceding attempts failed.
As Neil Smith shows, the Lockean liberalism that animates American globalism has always been undercut by a crippling nationalism that exposes the contradictions built into the ideal. In each instance, a hard-edged nationalism-evident in the rejection of the League of Nations, in the policies of the Cold War, and in the current Iraq war-always surfaces and drives US actions despite America's self-perception as a champion of benign universal values. Moreover, it always generates opposition.
Attuned to history, political economy, and geography, "The Endgame of Globalization" is a sweeping and powerful account of America'scentury-long quest for global dominance and the nationalism within that invariably unravels the dream.

Time-space relationships are central to human geography. This book seeks to reanimate time-space, by considering the links between lived experience, various temporalities and particular places in terms of compounded and contested rhythms. Time-space rhythms emphasize the practical, symbolic, everyday and embodied qualities in the experience and making of our geographical environment. Bringing together a team of renowned geographers who have been exploring such ideas over the past decades, this book provides a unique and varied set of geographical approximations to the reanimation of place, nature and landscape, revealing a complex, disputed world of politics, sensory experiences and representations of space-time. Including case studies from Europe and North America, the book addresses some important issues, ranging from the symbolic orchestrations of landscape to deeply personal memories of particular natural rhythms.

In his compelling follow-up to The Rise of the Creative Class, Richard Florida outlines how certain cities succeed in attracting members of the 'creative class' - the millions of people who work in information-age economic sectors and in industries driven by innovation and talent.

The first edition of "Critical Issues in Tourism" provided a much-needed geographic perspective on how the production and consumption of tourism are reshaping human and physical environments. The second edition builds on this, updating the original material to reflect the substantial changes that have taken place within tourism geography in recent years, and adding whole new sections.

New material includes: a chapter on tourism and the environment, reflecting the complexities of sustainable approaches; a more detailed discussion of how tourism is signified in the landscape; and new material on gender and migration. Debates on the economic geography of tourism and the importance of the political economy perspective have been revisited, and discussion of lifestyles, social access and tourist typologies extended. In addition, the reference material, examples, and empirical information have been fully updated and new case studies added, covering both developed and developing economies. There is also a new section on key web sites for tourism information.

As interest in tourism studies and the geography of tourism grows, this text continues to offer vitally important discussion of the problems and issues facing tourism today.

Due to its centrality to the processes of transnational mobilities, migration and globalization, tourism studies has the potential to make a significant contribution to understanding the postcolonial experience. Drawing together theoretical and applied research, this fascinating book illuminates the links between tourism, colonialism and postcolonialism. Significantly, it creates a space for the voices of authors from postcolonial countries.

Chapters are integrated and examined through concepts taken from the wider postcolonial literature, which identify tourism not only as an international industry but also as a postcolonial cultural form, which by its very nature is based on past and present day colonial structural relationships.

The first book to explicitly explore the contribution tourism can make to the postcolonial experience, this book is an essential read for students of tourism, cultural studies and geography.

A comprehensive introduction to the important economic, social and political processes and development issues in this increasingly popular area of study. Employing a groundbreaking thematic approach the book centres its discussion on the interrelation between contemporary development theories and continuing transition issues in this huge and complex region.

It can be argued that the differences in content and approach between physical and human geography, and also within its sub-disciplines, are often overemphasized. The result is that geography is often seen as a diverse and dynamic subject, but also as a disorganized and fragmenting one, without a focus. "Unifying Geography" focuses on the plural and competing versions of unity that characterize the discipline, which give it cohesion and differentiate it from related fields of knowledge. Each of the chapters is co-authored by both a leading physical and a human geographer, on the nature of geography. Themes identified include those of the traditional core as well as new and developing topics that are based on subject matter, concepts, methodology, theory, techniques and applications. Through its identification of unifying themes, the book will provide students with a meaningful framework through which to understand the nature of the geographical discipline.

It can be argued that the differences in content and approach between physical and human geography, and also within its sub-disciplines, are often overemphasized. The result is that geography is often seen as a diverse and dynamic subject, but also as a disorganized and fragmenting one, without a focus.;"Unifying Geography" focuses on the plural and competing versions of unity that characterize the discipline, which give it cohesion and differentiate it from related fields of knowledge. Each of the chapters is co-authored by both a leading physical and a human geographer, on the nature of geography. Themes identified include those of the traditional core as well as new and developing topics that are based on subject matter, concepts, methodology, theory, techniques and applications. Through its identification of unifying themes, the book will provide students with a meaningful framework through which to understand the nature of the geographical discipline.

Since the Second World War there has been considerable growth in the importance of non-manufacturing based forms of production to the performance of many Western economies. Many countries have seen increased contributions being made by industries such as the media, entertainment and artistic sectors. "The Cultural Industries and the Production of Culture" collects together a leading international, multi disciplinary team of researchers and presents in an accessible fashion, cutting-edge perspectives on how these industries function, their place in the new economy and how they can be harnessed for urban and regional economic and social development.

Fundamentals of Biogeography presents an accessible, engaging and comprehensive introduction to biogeography, explaining the ecology, geography, history and conservation of animals and plants. Starting with an outline of how species arise, disperse, diversify and become extinct, the book examines: how environmental factors (climate, substrate, topography, and disturbance) influence animals and plants; investigates how populations grow, interact and survive; how communities form and change; and explores the connections between biogeography and conservation. The second edition has been extensively revised and expanded throughout to cover new topics and revisit themes from the first edition in more depth. Illustrated throughout with informative diagrams and attractive photos and including guides to further reading, chapter summaries and an extensive glossary of key terms, Fundamentals of Biogeography clearly explains key concepts in the history, geography and ecology of life systems. In doing so, it tackles some of the most topical and controversial environmental and ethical concerns including species over-exploitation, the impacts of global warming, habitat fragmentation, biodiversity loss and ecosystem restoration.

Are all cities alike? This text highlights the extent to which the different histories, economies, politics and cultures of cities affect people's daily practices so that they vary from one city to another. In particular, it focuses on whether the assumed differences between London, the global city and Jerusalem, the holy city reflected in people's experiences in living in the two cities. The book suggests that some of these everyday practices are not so different as might be assumed. It proposes that people of different national, cultural or gender identities might experience their city - as home for similar reasons. It explores the experiences of women and men of different national, cultural and ethnic identities and age groups, who live in the two cities. Their narratives focus on three main concepts: comfort, belonging and commitment as they are experienced with regards to seven categories of environments: the home, the building, the street, the neighbourhood, the city center, the city itself and urban parks in the city. everyday life experiences? Two significant identities are at focus in the analysis; gender and national identity. The analysis of each of the concepts discovers how these identities shape peoples' ways of interpreting and the meanings given to comfort, belonging and commitment. The analysis is carried out among people of both minority and majority groups in the two cities. Nationality and gender identities cross cuts the analysis through the whole book chapters. It makes the links between everyday life experiences termed in the book as: local embodied knowledge and the planning practice. The book shows how it is possible to articulate the local knowledge that has been exposed and analyzed in the various book chapters into the planning practice. The book suggests new ways of incorporating these similar and different experiences in the planning process.

'Europe: Lives in Transition' gives a voice to people living through transition, opening a door for outsiders to understand how such people have lived - an opportunity for one to speak and another to listen. Its principal themes are: identities, relationships, production, consumption and power.