This book highlights various designs for urban green spaces and their functions. It provides an interesting meeting point between Asian, European and North America specialists (researchers, planners, landscape architects) studying urban biodiversity; urban biodiversity and green space; relations between people and biodiversity. The most important feature of this book is the unique point of view from each contributor towards "the relationship between nature and people in urban areas", in the context of the ecosystem and biodiversity in urban areas and how to manage them. All chapters explore and consider the relationship between humans and nature in cities, a subject which is taking on increasing importance as new cities are conceptualized and planned. These discussion and examples would be useful for urban ecology researchers, biologists, city planners, government staff working in city planning, architects, landscape architects, and university instructors. This book can also be used as a textbook for undergraduate and postgraduate city planning, architecture or landscape architecture courses.

1. Der Betrieb.- 1.1. Einfuhrung.- 1.2. Wesen des Baubetriebes.- 1.2.1. UEberblick.- 1.2.2. Das Besondere.- 1.2.3. Moderne Aspekte.- 1.2.4. Moderne Methoden.- 1.2.5. Moderne Hilfsmittel.- 1.2.6. Tatigkeitsbereiche.- 1.2.7. Image.- 1.2.8. Wettbewerb und Gewinn.- 1.2.9. Management.- 1.2.10. Handeln.- 1.3. Der Produktionsapparat.- 1.3.1. UEberblick.- 1.3.2. Bauwirtschaft.- 1.3.3. Bauuunternehmungen.- 1.3.4. Baubetriebsabteilung.- 1.3.5. Maschinentechnische Abteilung.- 1.3.6. Baustelle.- 1.3.7. Arbeitsgemeinschaft (ARGE).- 1.3.8. Bauleiter.- 1.3.9. Technischer Leiter.- 1.3.10. Betriebsfuhrung.- 1.4. Der Weg zum Auftrag.- 1.4.1. UEberblick.- 1.4.2. Planung.- 1.4.3. Entwurf.- 1.4.4. Ausschreibung.- 1.4.5. Leistungsverzeichnis.- 1.4.6. Vergabewesen.- 1.4.7. Projektierung.- 1.4.7.1. Verfahrenstechnik.- 1.4.7.2. Wahl des Bauverfahrens.- 1.4.7.3. Fertigungssystem.- 1.4.7.3.1. Betriebsstruktur.- 1.4.7.3.2. Transportstruktur.- 1.4.8. Sondervorschlage.- 1.4.9 Angebotskalkulation.- 1.5. Baupreisermittlung.- 1.5.1. UEberblick.- 1.5.2. Herstellkosten der Gesamtleistung.- 1.5.3. Einzelkosten der Teilleistungen.- 1.5.4. Maschinenkosten.- 1.5.5. Arbeitstage.- 1.5.6. Gemeinkosten der Baustelle.- 1.5.7. Zuschlage.- 1.5.8. Baupreis.- 1.5.9. Angebot.- 1.5.10. Der Zuschlag.- 1.6. Ausfuhrung.- 1.6.1. UEberblick.- 1.6.2. Bauvertrag.- 1.6.3. Bildung einer Arbeitsgemeinschaft.- 1.6.4. Organisation der Baustelle.- 1.6.5. Plane.- 1.6.6. Auftragskalkulation.- 1.6.6.1. Beispiel Schalkosten.- 1.6.6.2. Beispiel Maschinenkosten.- 1.6.7. Arbeitsvorbereitung.- 1.6.8. Bauarbeitsplan.- 1.6.9. Bauzeitplane.- 1.6.10. Bereitstellungsplane.- 1.6.11. Baustelleneinrichtung.- 1.6.11.1. Planungsgrundsatze.- 1.6.11.2. Aufstellung der Turmdrehkrane.- 1.6.12. Vermessung.- 1.6.13. Berichtswesen.- 1.6.14. Fuhrungstechnik.- 1.7. Moderne Planungsmethoden.- 1.7.1. UEberblick.- 1.7.2. Netzplantechnik.- 1.7.3. Arbeitsweise der Netzplantechnik.- 1.7.3.1. Vorgangspfeilnetzplan.- 1.7.3.2. Vorgangsknotennetzplan.- 1.7.3.3. Verknupfung.- 1.7.4. Anwendungsbeispiel.- 1.7.5. Systemtechnik.- 1.7.5.1. UEberblick.- 1.7.5.2. Das System.- 1.7.5.3. Systemerkennung.- 1.7.5.4. Vorgehensweise.- 1.7.5.5. Modellbildung.- 1.7.5.6. Hilfsmittel.- 1.7.5.7. Morphologischer Kasten.- 1.7.5.8. Nutzwertanalyse.- 1.7.6. Beispiel mathematisches Modell.- 1.7.7. Kybernetik.- 1.7.7.1. Funktionsweise.- 1.7.7.2. Regelkreise.- 1.7.8. Operations Research.- 1.7.8.1. UEberblick.- 1.7.8.2. Verfahren des Operation Research.- 1.7.8.3. Vorgehen.- 1.7.8.4. Lineares Programmieren.- 1.7.8.4.1. Ein Transportproblem.- 1.7.8.4.2. Ein Zuordnungsproblem.- 1.7.8.5. Warteschlangentheorie.- 1.7.9. Simulation.- 1.7.10. Aktuelles Planungsbeispiel.- 1.8. Weitere wichtige Problemkreise.- 1.8.1. UEberblick.- 1.8.2. Vertragsfragen.- 1.8.3. Sicherheit auf der Baustelle.- 1.8.4. Baularm.- 1.8.4.1. Richtlinien und Bestimmungen.- 1.8.4.2. Larmmessungen.- 1.8.4.3. Larmarme Baustelleneinrichtung.- 1.8.4.4. Larmminderungsplanung.- 1.8.4.5. OEffentlichkeitsarbeit.- 1.8.5. Erschutterungen.- 1.8.6. Boden.- 1.8.7. Wetter.- 1.9. Kalkulations-Formblatter.- 1.10. Auszuge aus der VOB.- 1.10.1. Teil A: Allgemeine Bestimmungen fur die Vergabe von Bauleistungen.- 1.10.1.1. Arten der Vergabe ( 3).- 1.10.1.2. Leistungsvertrag, Stundenlohnvertrag, Selbstkostenerstattungsvertrag (5).- 1.10.1.3. Leistungsbeschreibung ( 9).- 1.10.1.4. Vertragsbedingungen ( 10).- 1.10.2. Teil B: Allgemeine Vertragsbedingungen fur die Ausfuhrung von Bauleistungen.- 1.10.2.1. Art und Umfang der Leistung ( 1).- 1.10.2.2. Vergutung ( 2).- 1.10.2.3. Ausfuhrungsunterlagen ( 3).- 1.10.2.4. Abnahme (12).- 1.10.2.5. Gewahrleistung ( 13).- 1.10.2.6. Sicherheitsleistung ( 17).- 1.11. Beispiel "Institutsneubau".- 1.11.1. UEberblick.- 1.11.2. Projektplanung.- 1.11.2.1. Schwerpunkte.- 1.11.2.2. Grundlagen.- 1.11.2.3. Leistungen des Auftraggebers.- 1.11.2.4. Leistungsbeschreibung (LV).- 1.11.3. Ausschreibung.- 1.11.4. Angebotsstrategie.- 1.11.5. Angeb

Numerical methods are very powerful tools for use in geotechnical engineering, particularly in computational geotechnics. Interest is strong in the new field of multi-phase nature of geomaterials, and the area of computational geotechnics is expanding. Alongside their companion volume Computational Modeling of Multiphase Geomaterials (CRC Press, 2012), Fusao Oka and Sayuri Kimoto cover recent progress in several key areas, such as air-water-soil mixture, cyclic constitutive models, anisotropic models, noncoaxial models, gradient models, compaction bands (a form of volumetric strain localization and strain localization under dynamic conditions), and the instability of unsaturated soils. The text also includes applications of computational modeling to large-scale excavation of ground, liquefaction analysis of levees during earthquakes, methane hydrate development, and the characteristics of contamination using bentonite. The erosion of embankments due to seepage flow is also presented.

Water Environment Modeling covers the formulations and applications of mathematical models that simulate water flow and chemical transport in rivers, lakes, groundwater, estuaries, coastal, and ocean waters. These models are used to evaluate the response of water environment to human interventions and serve as useful analytical tools for water pollution control and resource management. Simple and comprehensive modeling techniques and their practical applications are presented with examples and exercises, most of which are derived from actual case studies. In general, simple models can be solved analytically and comprehensive models require numerical solutions. While simple models are usually adopted for preliminary assessment of a particular water environment, comprehensive models are used to provide detailed spatial and temporal variations of pollutants in complex environments. The system-based models in the forms of integral equations are introduced as an alternative modeling approach. This textbook is ideal for advanced undergraduate students and graduate students in civil and environmental engineering and related academic fields. It is also suitable as a reference book for practicing engineers and scientists. Authors: Clark C.K. Liu is Emeritus Professor of the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at University of Hawaii and former Environmental Engineering Director of US National Science Foundation. Pengzhi Lin is Professor of State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering at Sichuan University. He is the author of Numerical Modeling of Water Waves (CRC Press, 2008). Hong Xiao is Professor and Vice Director of Hydroinformatics Institute of the State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering at Sichuan University.

Railway Transportation Systems covers the entire range of railway passenger systems, from conventional and high-speed intercity systems to suburban, regional, operating on steep gradients, and urban ones. It also examines in depth freight railway systems transporting conventional loads, heavy loads, and dangerous goods. For each system, the text provides a definition; an overview of its evolution and examples of good practice; the main design, construction, and operational characteristics; and the preconditions for its selection. Additionally, it offers a general overview of safety, interfaces with the environment, forces acting on the track, and techniques that govern the stability and guidance of railway vehicles. This new edition brings two new chapters. One concerns pre-feasibility studies of urban rail projects, and the other analyses the operation of railway systems under specific weather conditions and natural phenomena. New material examines dilemmas, trends and innovations in rail freight transportation; a new definition for high-speed rail; a number of case studies; and an update of cutting-edge technologies. It is ideal for graduate students, engineers, consultants, manufacturers, and transport company executives who need a reference and guide.

Excavation is an important segment of foundation engineering (e.g., in the construction of the foundations or basements of high-rise buildings, underground oil tanks, or subways). However, the excavation knowledge introduced in most books on foundation engineering is too simple to handle actual excavation analysis and design. Moreover, with economic development and urbanization, excavations go deeper and are larger in scale. These conditions require elaborate analysis, design methods and construction technologies. This book is aimed at both theoretical explication and practical application. From basic to advanced, this book attempts to achieve theoretical rigor and consistency. Each chapter is followed by a problem set so that the book can be readily taught at senior undergraduate and graduate levels. The solution to the problems at the end of the chapters can be found on the website (http://www.ct.ntust.edu.tw/ou/). On the other hand, the analysis methods introduced in the book can be used in actual analysis and design as they contain the most up-to-date knowledge. Therefore, this book is suitable for teachers who teach foundation engineering and/or deep excavation courses and engineers who are engaged in excavation analysis and design.

In the near future, many parts of the world will suffer from a shortage of freshwater. Effective use of seawater in concrete production could therefore become a crucial technology. Seawater in Concrete Mix provides a detailed overview of the fundamental knowledge of concrete engineering that is essential for the usage of seawater-mixed concrete. According to the worldwide standard for reinforced concrete (RC), freshwater is typically used in concrete mixing rather than seawater. Yet a potential exists for the extensive use of seawater in concrete, especially with the addition of ground granulated blast-furnace slag, fly ash, or other mineral admixtures. The recent trend toward performance-based design makes this alternative more viable. The text is ideal for graduate students, researchers, concrete engineers, and all civil engineers who deal with concrete for infrastructure. Hidenori Hamada is Professor of Kyushu University, Japan. Nobuaki Otsuki is Professor Emeritus of Tokyo Institute of Technology and was Chairman of the JCI Technical Committee on the use of seawater in concrete. Takahiro Nishida is Senior Researcher of the Japanese National Institute of Maritime, Port and Aviation Technology.

Highlights the utilization of nanofillers. Investigates the moisture absorption and ageing on the physio-chemical, mechanical, thermal properties of the vinyl ester-based composites. Considers the influence of hybridization, fibre architecture, and fibre-ply orientation on the mechanical and thermal properties of vinyl ester-based biocomposites. Discusses the effects of the alkali treatment. Chapters are written by global experts to cover a diverse scope of industry applications for fibre-reinforced polymer composites.

Highlights the performance of epoxy-based biocomposites with reinforced with various natural fibres and plant resources. Investigates the behavior of hybrid biocomposites and biocomposites reinforced with various nanofillers. Evaluates the response of epoxy-based biocomposites exposed to moisture absorption, accelerated weathering, and hygrothermal aging. Discusses the static and dynamic properties, such as creep, fatigue, and free vibration properties. Chapters are written by global experts to cover a diverse scope of industry applications for fiber-reinforced polymer composites.

Provides a global perspective on drought prediction and management and a synthesis of the recent state of knowledge. Covers a wide range of topics from essential concepts and advanced techniques for forecasting and modeling drought to societal impacts, consequences, and planning. Presents numerous case studies with different management approaches from different regions and countries. Addresses how climate change impacts drought, the increasing challenges associated with managing drought, decision making, and policy implications. Includes contributions from hundreds of experts around the world.

Cover several Other Physical Chemical (OPC) technologies, which are recent developments Deal with municipal solid waste, their treatment/disposal methods, recycling, and reuse in addition to the hazardous and medical waste management program Assist civil/environmental engineering students and local community organizations in evaluating the impact of an industry and its associated waste produced on-site Cover how best to treat/manage the waste to arrive at a safe operation without impacting human health and the local environment

Practical methodologies to develop holistic and comprehensive fire safety strategies for buildings and industrial assets In Fire Risk Management: Principles and Strategies, a team of distinguished authors delivers an incisive combination of risk management principles and fire safety assessment methods that offers practical strategies and workflows to prevent and mitigate today’s complex fire scenarios. The book summarizes modern, risk-based approaches to fire safety, discussing fire safety objectives in terms of functional statements, performance requirements and detailed protection measures for buildings and industrial assets towards the development of a fire safety case to timely manage risk with a systematic and structured approach throughout the life cycle of the asset. The authors introduce the fundamentals of fire safety and design principles before moving on to discuss topics like fire risk assessment methods, risk profiles, risk mitigation, safety management and performance, and protective layers and controls. Fire Risk Management presents practical methods, often borrowed from those successfully used in other domains, that can be defined, shared, and communicated with multiple stakeholders from different backgrounds and with different needs and perspectives. Readers will also find: A code-neutral examination of fire safety principles that is independent of local regulations Discussions of key principles standards, including NFPA 550 and ISO 45001 and guidelines on fire risk assessment Practical explorations that connect theory with practice in the real world In-depth case studies that walk readers through fire risk management strategies for railway stations, warehouse storage facilities, heritage buildings, renewable energies installations and process industry plants. Perfect for fire safety practitioners, engineers, and other stakeholders involved in the design and operation of buildings and industrial assets, Fire Risk Management: Principles and Strategies will also earn a place in the libraries of facility owners and operators, safety systems managers, occupational health and safety professionals, and code officials.

Provides information on biofouling control with broad significance and applicability in various industrial and research areas Discusses microbially induced corrosion on biofuel transporting pipelines Includes data from experiments conducted to overcome a biofouling and biocorrosion Gives out attention to metallic coatings and environmental considerations. Explores novel technologies preventing biofouling on metallic and polymeric substrates

Ground improvement has been one of the most dynamic and rapidly evolving areas of geotechnical engineering and construction over the past 40 years. The need to develop sites with marginal soils has made ground improvement an increasingly important core component of geotechnical engineering curricula. Fundamentals of Ground Improvement Engineering addresses the most effective and latest cutting-edge techniques for ground improvement. Key ground improvement methods are introduced that provide readers with a thorough understanding of the theory, design principles, and construction approaches that underpin each method. Major topics are compaction, permeation grouting, vibratory methods, soil mixing, stabilization and solidification, cutoff walls, dewatering, consolidation, geosynthetics, jet grouting, ground freezing, compaction grouting, and earth retention. The book is ideal for undergraduate and graduate-level university students, as well as practitioners seeking fundamental background in these techniques. The numerous problems, with worked examples, photographs, schematics, charts and graphs make it an excellent reference and teaching tool.

Discusses basic principles, design methodology, influence of various parameters on design and construction features Gives techno-economical design for various combination of pertinent parameters Shows how to design masonry and concrete walls Describes design principles and methodology of breast walls with illustrative examples and construction features Includes design charts and tables for ease of access and quick design process of breast walls

Structural Analysis Fundamentals presents fundamental procedures of structural analysis, necessary for teaching undergraduate and graduate courses and structural design practice. It applies linear analysis of structures of all types, including beams, plane and space trusses, plane and space frames, plane and eccentric grids, plates and shells, and assemblage of finite-elements. It also treats plastic and time-dependent responses of structures to static loading, as well as dynamic analysis of structures and their response to earthquakes. Geometric nonlinearity in analysis of cable nets and membranes are examined. This is an ideal text for basic and advanced material for use in undergraduate and higher courses. A companion set of computer programs assist in a thorough understanding and application of analysis procedures. The authors provide a special program for each structural system or each procedure. Unlike commercial software, the user can apply any program of the set without a manual or training period. Students, lecturers and engineers internationally employ the procedures presented in in this text and its companion website. Ramez B. Gayed is a Civil Engineering Consultant and Adjunct Professor at the University of Calgary. He is expert on analysis and design of concrete and steel structures. Amin Ghali is Emeritus Professor at the University of Calgary. He is consultant on major international structures. He is inventor of several reinforcing systems for concrete. He has authored over 300 papers and eight patents. His books include Concrete Structures (2012), Circular Storage Tanks and Silos (CRC Press, 2014), and Structural Analysis (CRC Press, 2017).

Provides a global perspective on drought prediction and management and a synthesis of the recent state of knowledge. Covers a wide range of topics from essential concepts and advanced techniques for forecasting and modeling drought to societal impacts, consequences, and planning Presents numerous case studies with different management approaches from different regions and countries. Addresses how climate change impacts drought, the increasing challenges associated with managing drought, decision making, and policy implications. Includes contributions from hundreds of experts around the world.

Polymer-Carbonaceous Filler-Based Composites for Wastewater Treatment serves as the first book to offer a concise treatment of the use of these materials in the treatment of wastewater. It provides a systematic and comprehensive account of recent developments and encompasses novel methods for the synthesis of carbonaceous derivatives-based fillers for polymer composites, their characterization techniques, and applications for the remediation of water contamination. This book seeks to: Introduces novel concepts in wastewater treatment with poly-carbonaceous composites Describes modern fabrication methods and characterization techniques Presents information on processing, safety, and disposal Discusses current research, future trends, and applications Filling the void for a one-stop reference book for researchers, this work includes contributions from leaders in the industry, academia, government, and private research institutions across the globe. Academics, researchers, scientists, engineers and students in the fields of materials and polymer engineering and wastewater treatment will benefit from this application-oriented book.

Pilot Competency and Capability presents strategies for the air carrier pilot-in-command operating complex engineered systems within a complex natural environment. It bridges the gap between academic books and practical application by providing real-world examples of how various safety and operational theories work in practice. The book advises on how to develop concepts, strategies, and ways of thinking that integrate with existing structures and FAA regulations, while understanding how engineered systems and codified structures interface with complex natural environments. It considers how the prescribed safety margins function to manage emergent behaviors of both the natural environment and the engineered systems. The book is intended for airline pilots, training captains, simulator instructors, and aviation students taking courses in aviation safety, risk management, and flight safety to improve in-flight decision-making, risk analysis, and strategic planning.

Offers a review of the newest methodologies for the characterization and modelling of lightweight materials and structures Advanced Multifunctional Lightweight Aerostructures provides an in-depth analysis of the thermal, electrical, and mechanical responses of multi-functional lightweight structures. The authors, noted experts on the topic, address the most recent and innovative methodologies for the characterization and modelling of lightweight materials and discuss various multiscale simulation approaches and nonlinear/structural dynamics methodologies. They present multifunctional materials and structures and offer detailed descriptions of the complex modelling of these structures. The authors divide the text into two sections and demonstrate a keen understanding and awareness of multi-functional lightweight aerostructures by taking unique approaches. They explore multi-disciplinary modelling and characterization alongside benchmark problems and applications, topics that are rarely approached in this field. This important book: Offers thermal, electrical, and mechanical analyses of multi-functional lightweight structures Covers innovative methodologies for the characterization and modelling of lightweight materials and structures Presents characterizations of a wide variety of novel materials Considers multifunctional novel structures with potential applications in different high-tech industries Discusses thermal and mechanical behaviors of some critical parts of aircrafts Includes efficient and highly accurate methodologies Written for professionals, engineers, researchers, and educators in academia, industrial, and other specialized research institutions, Advanced Multifunctional Lightweight Aerostructures is a much-needed text on the design practices of existing engineering building services and how these methods combine with recent developments.

This informative volume provides comprehensive knowledge on various aspects of wastewater resource management from the point of process sustainability and resource recovery. This authoritative compendium is crucial for developing resource-efficient and sustainable wastewater treatment technologies and management strategies for both small (decentralized) and large (centralized) communities. Traditional wastewater systems have become increasingly energy-consuming and cost-intensive while also not meeting the increasing standards for nutrient removal and sustainable development. This book incorporates the latest developments in pollutant removal and resource recovery schemes in wastewater treatment. It highlights advances that have been made in microbiological processes; design of treatment methods; process configurations; energy conservation and efficiency improvement schemes; nutrient removal; recovery, reclamation, and recycling; beneficial uses of wastewater; and bioenergy and biochemical production from wastewater and sludge streams. Waste-to-energy technologies, especially wastewater treatment as a potential biofuel energy alternative through bioelectrochemical and other processes, are also discussed in this book.

Forever Chemicals: Environmental, Economic, and Social Equity Concerns with PFAS in the Environment provides the reader with an understanding of the complex and interwoven issues associated with per- and polyfluorinated substances (PFAS) in our environment. The chapters provide in-depth perspective into various issues, including health, regulation, detection, clean-up strategies and technologies, and more. Taken together or as the reader's interests lead them, the variety of topics covered in the book present a balanced perspective on this complex topic. It will address the current state of PFAS and where indicators are pointing for future developments. The book is also a deeper investigation of the regulatory challenges, analytical hurdles, and toxicological progress to date for the suite of PFAS chemicals. Features Explains the trends that will affect future policy and regulatory decisions Looks holistically at 4000+ PFAS chemicals Includes PFAS risk assessments at contaminated sites and biomonitoring insights Provides in-depth discussions on remediation technologies Illustrates quality and diversified content Provides a balanced perspective on this complex topic

The book is about the discovery of a Standard Specific Baseline Mass Transfer Coefficient (KLa0)20 that represents a revolutionary change in the understanding, designing, and operation of aeration equipment, as well as providing a baseline for future research and development for water and wastewater treatment systems. It discusses the use of the Standard Model for oxygen transfer to determine the baseline, and its major finding is to show that the gas transfer model is a consistent relativistic theory of molecular interactions. Previously, the challenge was the appearance of divergences in the mass transfer coefficient estimations that defies aeration design. This normalization to a baseline is a great achievement in physics and engineering.

Presents current research in AOP techniques along with hybrid technologies Covers latest advances in technological know-how for remediation of wastewater soiled with micropollutants Discusses pressing environmental pollution issues associated with AOPs needed for wastewater remediation Presents future perspective as well as techno-economic analysis in implementing various AOPs Reviews strategies to limit the micropollutants in water bodies