Modeling, Control And Optimization Of Complex Systems is a collection of contributions from leading international researchers in the fields of dynamic systems, control theory, and modeling. These papers were presented at the Symposium on Modeling and Optimization of Complex Systems in honor of Larry Yu-Chi Ho in June 2001. They include exciting research topics such as:

-modeling of complex systems,
-power control in ad hoc wireless networks,
-adaptive control using multiple models,
-constrained control,
-linear quadratic control,
-discrete events,
-Markov decision processes and reinforcement learning,
-optimal control for discrete event and hybrid systems,
-optimal representation and visualization of multivariate data and functions in low-dimensional spaces.

Enabling Technologies for Computational Science assesses future application computing needs, identifies research directions in problem-solving environments (PSEs), addresses multi-disciplinary environments operating on the Web, proposes methodologies and software architectures for building adaptive and human-centered PSEs, and describes the role of symbolic computing in scientific and engineering PSEs. The book also includes an extensive bibliography of over 400 references. Enabling Technologies for Computational Science illustrates the extremely broad and interdisciplinary nature of the creation and application of PSEs. Authors represent academia, government laboratories and industry, and come from eight distinct disciplines (chemical engineering, computer science, ecology, electrical engineering, mathematics, mechanical engineering, psychology and wood sciences). This breadth and diversity extends into the computer science aspects of PSEs. These papers deal with topics such as artificial intelligence, computer-human interaction, control, data mining, graphics, language design and implementation, networking, numerical analysis, performance evaluation, and symbolic computing. Enabling Technologies for Computational Science provides an assessment of the state of the art and a road map to the future in the area of problem-solving environments for scientific computing. This book is suitable as a reference for scientists from a variety of disciplines interested in using PSEs for their research.

Computer-Aided Design of User Interfaces VI gathers the latest experience of experts, research teams and leading organisations involved in computer-aided design of user interactive applications. This area investigates how it is desirable and possible to support, to facilitate and to speed up the development life cycle of any interactive system: requirements engineering, early-stage design, detailed design, deelopment, deployment, evaluation, and maintenance. In particular, it stresses how the design activity could be better understood for different types of advanced interactive ubiquitous computing, and multi-device environments.

This book analyzes the fundamental issues faced when blockchain technology is applied to real-life applications. These concerns, not only in the realm of computer science, are caused by the nature of technological design. Blockchain is considered the foundation of a wide range of flexible ecosystems; its technology is an excellent mixture of mathematics, cryptography, incentive mechanisms, economics, and pertinent regulations. The book provides an essential understanding of why such fundamental issues arise, by revising the underlying theories. Blockchain theory is thus presented in an easy-to-understand, useful manner. Also explained is the reason why blockchain is hard to adopt for real-life problems but is valuable as a foundation for flexible ecosystems. Included are directions for solving those problems and finding suitable areas for blockchain applications in the future. The authors of this work are experts from a wide range of backgrounds such as cryptography, distributed computing, computer science, trust, identity, regulation, and standardization. Their contributions collected here will appeal to all who are interested in blockchain and the elements surrounding it.

This book collects and explains the many theorems concerning the existence of certificates of positivity for polynomials that are positive globally or on semialgebraic sets. A certificate of positivity for a real polynomial is an algebraic identity that gives an immediate proof of a positivity condition for the polynomial. Certificates of positivity have their roots in fundamental work of David Hilbert from the late 19th century on positive polynomials and sums of squares. Because of the numerous applications of certificates of positivity in mathematics, applied mathematics, engineering, and other fields, it is desirable to have methods for finding, describing, and characterizing them. For many of the topics covered in this book, appropriate algorithms, computational methods, and applications are discussed. This volume contains a comprehensive, accessible, up-to-date treatment of certificates of positivity, written by an expert in the field. It provides an overview of both the theory and computational aspects of the subject, and includes many of the recent and exciting developments in the area. Background information is given so that beginning graduate students and researchers who are not specialists can learn about this fascinating subject. Furthermore, researchers who work on certificates of positivity or use them in applications will find this a useful reference for their work.

This is a comprehensive study of various time-dependent scheduling problems in single-, parallel- and dedicated-machine environments. In addition to complexity issues and exact or heuristic algorithms which are typically presented in scheduling books, the author also includes more advanced topics such as matrix methods in time-dependent scheduling, time-dependent scheduling with two criteria and time-dependent two-agent scheduling. The reader should be familiar with the basic notions of calculus, discrete mathematics and combinatorial optimization theory, while the book offers introductory material on theory of algorithms, NP-complete problems, and the basics of scheduling theory. The author includes numerous examples, figures and tables, he presents different classes of algorithms using pseudocode, he completes all chapters with extensive bibliographies, and he closes the book with comprehensive symbol and subject indexes. The previous edition of the book focused on computational complexity of time-dependent scheduling problems. In this edition, the author concentrates on models of time-dependent job processing times and algorithms for solving time-dependent scheduling problems. The book is suitable for researchers working on scheduling, problem complexity, optimization, heuristics and local search algorithms.

This book is about describing the meaning of programming languages. The author teaches the skill of writing semantic descriptions as an efficient way to understand the features of a language. While a compiler or an interpreter offers a form of formal description of a language, it is not something that can be used as a basis for reasoning about that language nor can it serve as a definition of a programming language itself since this must allow a range of implementations. By writing a formal semantics of a language a designer can yield a far shorter description and tease out, analyse and record design choices. Early in the book the author introduces a simple notation, a meta-language, used to record descriptions of the semantics of languages. In a practical approach, he considers dozens of issues that arise in current programming languages and the key techniques that must be mastered in order to write the required formal semantic descriptions. The book concludes with a discussion of the eight key challenges: delimiting a language (concrete representation), delimiting the abstract content of a language, recording semantics (deterministic languages), operational semantics (non-determinism), context dependency, modelling sharing, modelling concurrency, and modelling exits. The content is class-tested and suitable for final-year undergraduate and postgraduate courses. It is also suitable for any designer who wants to understand languages at a deep level. Most chapters offer projects, some of these quite advanced exercises that ask for complete descriptions of languages, and the book is supported throughout with pointers to further reading and resources. As a prerequisite the reader should know at least one imperative high-level language and have some knowledge of discrete mathematics notation for logic and set theory.

The information infrastructure - comprising computers, embedded devices, networks and software systems - is vital to operations in every sector: inf- mation technology, telecommunications, energy, banking and ?nance, tra- portation systems, chemicals, agriculture and food, defense industrial base, public health and health care, national monuments and icons, drinking water and water treatment systems, commercial facilities, dams, emergency services, commercial nuclear reactors, materials and waste, postal and shipping, and government facilities. Global business and industry, governments, indeed - ciety itself, cannot function if major components of the critical information infrastructure are degraded, disabled or destroyed. This book, Critical Infrastructure Protection IV, is the fourth volume in the annual series produced by IFIP Working Group 11.10 on Critical Infr- tructure Protection, an active international community of scientists, engineers, practitioners and policy makers dedicated to advancing research, development and implementation e?orts related to critical infrastructure protection. The book presents original research results and innovative applications in the area of infrastructure protection. Also, it highlights the importance of weaving s- ence, technology and policy in crafting sophisticated, yet practical, solutions that will help secure information, computer and network assets in the various critical infrastructure sectors. This volume contains seventeen edited papers from the Fourth Annual IFIP Working Group 11.10 International Conference on Critical Infrastructure P- tection, held at the National Defense University, Washington, DC, March 15- 17, 2010. The papers were refereed by members of IFIP Working Group 11.10 and other internationally-recognized experts in critical infrastructure prot- tion.

This book explores the possible creation and impact of electronic markets underpinned by government. How far could electronic trade go? The author outlines a world in which open online marketplaces are routinely used to trade everything from office space to bicycle rental between individuals. Each transaction would be guaranteed by the system, not the reputation of the seller. Anyone could enter the market as an equal. The author argues that the electronic marketplaces of the future will have widespread and fundamental economic and social consequences. For more information about Guaranteed Electronic Markets visit the Gems Website at www.gems.org.uk

This book is a result of ISD2000-The Ninth International Conference on Infor mation Systems Development: Methods and Tools, Theory and Practice, held August 14-16, in Kristiansand, Norway. The ISD conference has its roots in the first Polish Scandinavian Seminar on Current Trends in Information Systems Development Method ologies, held in Gdansk, Poland in 1988. This year, as the conference carries into the new millennium this fine tradition, it was fitting that it returned to Scandinavia. Velkommen tilbake Next year, ISD crosses the North Sea and in the traditions of the Vikings, invades England. Like every ISD conference, ISD2000 gave participants an opportunity to express ideas on the current state of the art in information systems development, and to discuss and exchange views about new methods, tools and applications. This is particularly important now, since the field of ISD has seen rapid, and often bewildering, changes. To quote a Chinese proverb, we are indeed cursed, or blessed, depending on how we choose to look at it, to be "living in interesting times.""

An essential resource on the future of IP networks

Everyone agrees that Internet Protocol (IP) has played and will play a major role in the evolution of networks and services. The exact nature and scope of that role, however, remains a point of discussion. Assembling the foremost experts in their respective fields, editors Salah Aidarous and Thomas Plevyak present the community with an invaluable resource for research and development in Managing IP Networks: Challenges and Opportunities.

Issues related to end-to-end network and service management, for example, will dramatically impact the future of IP networks, yet there remains a scholarly deficit between the significance of these topics and their presence in the current literature. Aidarous and Plevyak make up this difference, addressing these and other critical challenges affecting the growth of IP networks, with contributions from:

• Paul Levine
• Joberto Martins
• Burkhard Stiller
• Mostafa Hashem Sherif
• Andrea Fumagalli
• Javier Aracil
• Luca Valcarenghi

Network operations engineers, computer scientists, and management software vendors, as well as professionals in the continuing education and research and development communities, will find Managing IP Networks to be an invaluable addition to their professional libraries.

Advances in Computers, Volume 112, the latest volume in a series published since 1960, presents detailed coverage of innovations in computer hardware, software, theory, design and applications. Chapters in this updated volume include Mobile Application Quality Assurance, Advances in Combinatorial Testing, Advances in Applications of Object Constraint Language for Software Engineering, Advances in Techniques for Test Prioritization, Data Warehouse Testing, Mutation Testing Advances: An Analysis and Survey, Event-Based Concurrency: Applications, Abstractions, and Analyses, and A Taxonomy of Software Integrity Protection Techniques.

This book focuses on the design methodologies of various quantum circuits, DNA circuits, DNA-quantum circuits and quantum-DNA circuits. It considers the merits and challenges of multivalued logic circuits in quantum, DNA, quantum-DNA and DNA-quantum computing. Multiple-Valued Computing in Quantum Molecular Biology: Arithmetic and Combinational Circuits is Volume 1 of a two-volume set. From fundamentals to advanced levels, this book discusses different multiple-valued logic DNA-quantum and quantum-DNA circuits. The text consists of four parts. Part I introduces multiple-valued quantum computing and DNA computing. It contains the basic understanding of multiple-valued quantum computing, multiple-valued DNA computing, multiple-valued quantum-DNA computing and multiple-valued DNA-quantum computing. Part II examines heat calculation, speed calculation, heat transfer, data conversion and data management in multi-valued quantum, DNA, quantum-DNA and DNA-quantum computing. Part III discusses multiple-valued logic operations in quantum and DNA computing such as ternary AND, NAND, OR, NOR, XOR, XNOR and multiple-valued arithmetic operations such as adder, multiplier, divider and more. Quantum-DNA and DNA-quantum multiple-valued arithmetic operations are also explained in this section. Part IV explains multiple-valued quantum and DNA combinational circuits such as multiple-valued DNA-quantum and quantum-DNA multiplexer, demultiplexer, encoder and decoder. This book will be of great help to researchers and students in quantum computing, DNA computing, quantum-DNA computing and DNA-quantum computing researchers.

Discusses various design aspects of multiple-valued logic DNA-quantum and quantum-DNA sequential circuits, memory devices, programmable logic devices and nano-processors Presents how multiple-valued quantum, DNA, quantum-DNA and DNA-quantum nano processors are designed with algorithms Examines the architecture and design procedure of memory devices such as Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM) Reviews the designs and algorithms of Multiple-valued quantum, DNA, quantum-DNA and DNA-quantum nano processors.

Computational Intelligence (CI) has emerged as a novel and highly diversified paradigm supporting the design, analysis and deployment of intelligent systems. This book presents a careful selection of the field that very well reflects the breadth of the discipline. It covers a range of highly relevant and practical design principles governing the development of intelligent systems in data mining, robotics, bioinformatics, and intelligent tutoring systems. The lucid presentations, coherent organization, breadth and the authoritative coverage of the area make the book highly attractive for everybody interested in the design and analysis of intelligent systems.

Advances in Computers, Volume 113, the latest volume in this innovative series published since 1960, presents detailed coverage of new advancements in computer hardware, software, theory, design and applications. Chapters in this updated release include A Survey on Regression Test-case Prioritization, Symbolic Execution and Recent Applications to Worst-Case Execution, Load Testing and Security Analysis, Model Based Test Cases Reuse and Optimization, Advances in Using Agile and Lean Processes for Software Development, Three Open Problems in the Context of E2E Web Testing and a Vision: NEONATE, Experiences with replicable experiments and replication kits for software engineering research, and Advances in Symbolic Execution.

This volume is the first extensive study of the historical and philosophical connections between technology and mathematics. Coverage includes the use of mathematics in ancient as well as modern technology, devices and machines for computation, cryptology, mathematics in technological education, the epistemology of computer-mediated proofs, and the relationship between technological and mathematical computability. The book also examines the work of such historical figures as Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Charles Babbage, Ada Lovelace, and Alan Turing.

""The book addresses a sorely missing set of considerations in the real world... This is a very timely book.""
-Peter Herzum, author of Business Component Factory and CEO of Herzum Software
XML is a tremendous enabler for platform agnostic data and metadata exchanges. However, there are no clear processes and techniques specifically focused on the engineering of XML structures to support reuse and integration simplicity, which are of particular importance in the age of application integration and Web services. This book describes the challenges of using XML in a manner that promotes simplification of integration, and a high degree of schema reuse. It also describes the syntactical capabilities of XML and XML Schemas, and the similarities (and in some cases limitations) of XML DTDs. This book presents combinations of architectural and design approaches to using XML as well as numerous syntactical and working examples.
* Designed to be read three different ways: skim the margin notes for quick information, or use tables in the appendix to locate sections relevant the to a particular issue, or read cover-to-cover for the in-depth treatment.
* Contains numerous tables that describe datatypes supported by the most common DBMSs and map to XML Schema supported data types.
* Unique focus on the value added role and processes of the data architect as they apply to enterprise use of XML.

The application of 3D methodology has recently been receiving increasing attention at many PET centres, and this monograph is an attempt to provide a state-of-the-art review of this methodology, covering 3D reconstruction methods, quantitative procedures, current tomography performance, and clinical and research applications. No such review has been available until now to assist PET researchers in understanding and implementing 3D methodology, and in evaluating the performance of the available imaging technology. In all the chapters, the subject matter is treated in sufficient depth to appeal equally to the physicist or engineer who wishes to establish the methodology, and to PET investigators with experience in 2D PET who wish to familiarize themselves with the concepts and advantages of 3D, and to be made aware of the pitfalls.

This book describes how a key signal/image processing algorithm - that of the fast Hartley transform (FHT) or, via a simple conversion routine between their outputs, of the real-data version of the ubiquitous fast Fourier transform (FFT) - might best be formulated to facilitate computationally-efficient solutions. The author discusses this for both 1-D (such as required, for example, for the spectrum analysis of audio signals) and m-D (such as required, for example, for the compression of noisy 2-D images or the watermarking of 3-D video signals) cases, but requiring few computing resources (i.e. low arithmetic/memory/power requirements, etc.). This is particularly relevant for those application areas, such as mobile communications, where the available silicon resources (as well as the battery-life) are expected to be limited. The aim of this monograph, where silicon-based computing technology and a resource-constrained environment is assumed and the data is real-valued in nature, has thus been to seek solutions that best match the actual problem needing to be solved.

This volume offers an up-to-date overview of essential concepts and modern approaches to computational modelling, including the use of experimental techniques related to or directly inspired by them. The book introduces, at increasing levels of complexity and with the non-specialist in mind, state-of-the-art topics ranging from single-cell and molecular descriptions to circuits and networks. Four major themes are covered, including subcellular modelling of ion channels and signalling pathways at the molecular level, single-cell modelling at different levels of spatial complexity, network modelling from local microcircuits to large-scale simulations of entire brain areas and practical examples. Each chapter presents a systematic overview of a specific topic and provides the reader with the fundamental tools needed to understand the computational modelling of neural dynamics. This book is aimed at experimenters and graduate students with little or no prior knowledge of modelling who are interested in learning about computational models from the single molecule to the inter-areal communication of brain structures. The book will appeal to computational neuroscientists, engineers, physicists and mathematicians interested in contributing to the field of neuroscience. Chapters 6, 10 and 11 are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

This second volume in the series, "Strategic Management and Information Technology" presents a coherent set of papers that deal with the challenges of leveraging information technology for designing inter-organizational relationships. Instead of assembling a set of papers that are loosely connected to the broad theme of strategy and information technology, this volume presents a well-knit compendium of papers on a coherent topic.

Control technology is a new learning environment which offers the opportunity to take up the economic and educational challenge of enabling people to adapt to new technologies and use them to solve problems. Giving young children (and also adults) easy access to control technology introduces them to a learning environment where they can build their knowledge across a range of topics. As they build and program their own automata and robots, they learn to solve problems, work incollaboration, and be creative. They also learn more about science, electronics, physics, computer literacy, computer assisted manufacturing, and so on. This book, based on a NATO Advanced Research Workshop in the Special Programme on Advanced Educational Technology, presents a cross-curricular approach to learning about control technology. The recommended methodology is active learning, where the teacher's role is to stimulate the learner to build knowledge by providing him/her with appropriate materials (hardware and software) and suggestions to develop the target skills. The results are encouraging, although more tools are needed to help the learner to generalize from his/her concrete experiment in control technology as well as to evaluate its effect on the target skills. The contributions not only discuss epistemological controversies linked to such learning environments as control technology, but also report on the state of the art and new developments in the field and present some stimulating ideas.

This book presents a peer reviewed selection of extended versions of ten original papers that were presented at the 15th International Symposium on Computers in Education (SIIE 2013) held in Viseu, Portugal. The book provide a representative view of current Information and Communications Technology (ICT) educational research approaches in the Ibero-American context as well as internationally. It includes studies that range from elementary to higher education, from traditional to distance learning settings. It considers special needs and other inclusive issues, across a range of disciplines, using multiple and diverse perspectives and technologies to furnish detailed information on the latest trends in ICT and education globally. Design, development and evaluation of educational software; ICT use and evaluation methodologies; social web and collaborative systems; and learning communities are some of the topics covered.