Developments in recent decades have led to money and finance assuming unprecedented influence over almost every aspect of economic and social life. Making the case for a geography of money, this multidisciplinary Handbook argues it is necessary to think spatially about the constitution and expressions of money and financial systems in the wake of the 2007?-2008 Global Financial Crisis. High-quality, research-based contributions from leading international scholars illustrate how the operation and regulation of monetary and financial systems both shape and are shaped by local, national and global developments. Examining four key dimensions of this geography, they consider the different spaces of monetary relations and instabilities, how money and finance contribute to geographically uneven economic development, the regulatory spaces of money, and the emergence of alternative forms and circuits of finance outside the established banking system. Timely and discerning, this book will be of particular importance to geographers, political scientists, sociologists, economists and planners. It will also be of great interest to all those concerned with how money shapes and reshapes socio-economic space, as well as how it conditions local and regional development. Contributors: M.B. Aalbers, D.S. Bieri, D. Bryan, B. Christophers, G.L. Clark, J. Corpateaux, O. Crevoisier, K. Datta, A.D. Dixon, S. Doerry, G.A. Dymski, M. Gray, B. Klagge, J. Knox-Hayes, S. Koeppe, G. Marandola, R. Martin, P. North, P. O'Brien, L. Papi, A. Pike, M. Pilkington, J. Pollard, M. Pryke, M. Rafferty, L. Rethel, E. Sarno, B.A. Searle, M. Shabani, T.J. Sinclair, E. Slack, P. Sunley, T. Theurillat, T. Wainwright, D. Wigan, D. Wojcik, G. Yeung, A. Zazzaro, B. Zhang

A History of the Chinese Language provides a comprehensive introduction to the historical development of the Chinese language from its Proto-Sino-Tibetan roots in prehistoric times to Modern Standard Chinese. Taking a highly accessible and balanced approach, it presents a chronological survey of the various stages of the Chinese language, covering key aspects such as phonology, syntax, and semantics. The second edition presents a revised and updated version that reflects recent scholarship in Chinese historical linguistics and new developments in related disciplines. Features include: Coverage of the major historical stages in Chinese language development, such as Old Chinese, Middle Chinese, Early Modern Chinese, and Modern Standard Chinese. Treatment of core linguistic aspects of the Chinese language, including phonological changes, grammatical development, lexical evolution, vernacular writing, the Chinese writing system, and Chinese dialects. Inclusion of authentic Chinese texts throughout the book, presented within a rigorous framework of linguistic analysis to help students to build up critical and evaluative skills and acquire valuable cultural knowledge. Integration of materials from different disciplines, such as archaeology, genetics, history, and sociolinguistics, to highlight the cultural and social background of each period of the language. Written by a highly experienced instructor, A History of the Chinese Language will be an essential resource for students of Chinese language and linguistics and for anyone interested in the history and culture of China.

Focusing on emerging technology regions of the US, Canada and Mexico, the authors provide an analysis of firms' innovative milieus in three contexts: national systems of innovation, knowledge regions and incubation mechanisms. An overview of the evolution of each region over the past quarter century is presented, along with an evaluation of the effectiveness of science parks and technology incubators in various regional and national environments. Though the three countries studied share the same continent and have well-developed trade relations, the significant differences between them in level of development, industrial infrastructure, education, and systems of innovation provide insight into the successes and failures of select knowledge regions. The authors find that areas with a solid industrial base benefit from, but do not necessarily require, formal technology incubation mechanisms to evolve into successful innovation poles. In contrast, remote regions with good research capacity, and those with an average industrial or research base, must develop an entrepreneurial culture and close cooperation between universities, industry and government with formal incubation mechanisms serving as focal points. Scholars of innovation systems, technology policy, entrepreneurship and regional development will find this fascinating study of great interest, as will science and technology policymakers, university officials and regional leaders.

This book examines the academic study of the African and Native American contact, African cultural change in Native America, as well as the existence of African Americans with Native American ancestry and Native Americans with African ancestry in the Western Hemisphere. Drawing upon the fields of anthropology, history, and sociology that initiated research into these areas, this book attempts to provide understandings of how scholars have studied and continue to understand the experiences of African-Native Americans or individuals of blended − culturally and/or racially − African and Native American ancestry in the North, Central, and South America. It aims to illuminate problems, perspectives, and prospects for interdisciplinary research. The first part is structured to cover the problems – past and present − encountered in investigating the scope of the topic and presents an overview of the most important academic findings. The second part provides both anthropological and interdisciplinary perspectives on the lived experiences of African-Native Americans with both Native Americans and non-Native Americans. And, finally, it sketches out future directions in scholarship. This book will be of interest to anthropologists, historians, sociologists, and Ethnic Studies and Native American and Indigenous Studies scholars, from undergraduates interested in the topic to graduate students and researchers seeking to interrogate past research or fill explanatory gaps in the literature with new research.

India is the largest provider of generic drugs globally. The Indian pharmaceutical sector supplies over 50 per cent of the global demand for various vaccines, and as a result, holds an important position in the global pharmaceutical sector. This book is a comprehensive study of pharmaceutical marketing management in the Indian context and similar growth markets. The book introduces the fast-paced and multi-faceted discipline of pharmaceutical marketing management through an in-depth discussion on the genesis and evolution of its marketing concept. Combining theory and practice, it offers a strategic approach to pharmaceutical marketing from an organisational and business perspective and explicates the practical applications of it. Richly supported by case studies, the book brings together fresh perspectives and approaches equally useful for students and professionals. This book will be of interest to academicians, advanced students, and practitioners of pharmaceutical marketing and pharmaceutical management. It will also be beneficial to those interested in business strategy, decision making, and international marketing.

A billion lives depend on the wayers of the Himalayas; sixty million live in this mountain range, while the rest live in its foothills, on the plains of the Indian subcontinent. For them, the Himalayas are a providential water tower. Despite their astonishing diversity, all these peoples share the common belief that this is a 'Sacred Land' and this mountain range is, above all, the 'Abode of Snow' where pure water springs, rivers gush and lakes are crystal-clear. In this mosaic of peoples, languages, religions and lands, water plays a vital part in the geographical distribution of the various ethnic groups, their social organization and the way they see themselves. With its stunning photographs and embedded videos, this volume offers an anthropological insight into the various bonds formed between man and water in the Himalayas. In doing so, it also stresses both the importance of this water tower of Asia, which provides for a thousand million people, and the scope of the current economic and ecologic issues that are at stake.

Tracing presidential administrations since Lyndon B. Johnson, this book argues that the Trump administration's policy toward Israeli settlements in the West Bank and Jerusalem is not an aberration but the culmination of over 50 years of American foreign policy. Under the Johnson administration, the United States rhetorically supported the applicability of international law regarding Israeli settlements. However, throughout the 1970s, administrations did little to reverse the construction and expansion of settlements. Moreover, presidents sent mixed signals regarding Israel's withdrawal from the occupied territories. The Israeli settlement movement received support when Reagan argued that settlements were not illegal. Since then, American presidents have opposed settlement activity to various degrees, but not based on their illegality. Rather, presidents have described them as unwise, unhelpful, or obstacles to peace. Even when presidents have had opportunities to confront Israeli settlements directly, domestic pressure and America's special relationship with Israel have prevented serious action beyond rhetoric and condemnation. This volume will be of interest to scholars and students of the history and politics of American foreign policy, American relations with Israel, and the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

1) This book is about art that was collected and commissioned by the East India Company. 2) It looks at landscapes and portraits on canvas, marble statuary and funerary monuments, sandstone Buddhas purloined from sacred sites and metal figurines of Hindu deities. 3) This book will be of interest to departments of art history and colonial history across UK and USA.

Provides the ‘how to’ for international practitioners doing business in the Middle East. A clear and comprehensive approach takes the reader through the different aspects of business that are recognisable globally but nuanced for the Middle East context. Written by leading authors in the field, the book draws on research rather than conjecture.

Collins CAPE Revision Guides focus on the content and skills students need to master for success in CAPE examinations. They cover all aspects of the syllabus and provide excellent help with exam preparation. Collins CAPE Revision Guide - CARIBBEAN STUDIES is an essential title for all students sitting the CAPE CARIBBEAN STUDIES exam. With clear and accessible information, practice questions, and exam tips, it is a key resource to help students prepare for the exam. The revision guide includes a comprehensive section on Research Principles and Research Practice to support students with their school-based assessment. It also includes chapters on every section of the syllabus, both Module 1 and Module 2, cross-referencing topics that students may need to relate and refer to in essay questions. Advice is given on how to approach exam questions and construct well-structured essays, and multiple choice questions are included at the end of every section for practice purposes.

Focusing on the fundamental reasons underlying the lasting crisis of the Yemeni Civil War, this book frames contemporary Yemen and assesses prospects beyond the conflict, identifying the factors which will determine its future internal and international characteristics. Building on Helen Lackner's profound experience in Yemen, this volume discusses Yemen's history and state formation, the main political institutions emerging since the Republic of Yemen was established and their role in the war, including the significance of current fragmentation. The volume goes on to discuss climate change, including the water scarcity issue, in the context of resource constraints to economic development and the role of migration. Rural and urban life, as well as the impact of international development and humanitarian aid, are also covered, together with Yemen's international relations - its interaction with its neighbours as well as Western states. Looking forward, it suggests the type of policies able to give Yemenis the conditions needed for a reasonable standard of living. Thanks to analysis of determining events, the book will appeal to politicians, diplomats, humanitarian organizations, security analysts, researchers on the Middle East and those generally interested in Yemen. It will also be an essential text for students of international relations, political economy, failing states, development studies and contemporary Middle Eastern history.

This book explores food in India and its evolution from pre-historic times to contemporary food trends while highlighting the intersections between culture, rituals, environment and the economy with food, ingredients and eating practices. It looks at the history of food and food preferences in India by studying historical, medicinal and religious texts. The book analyses preferences and taboos from a social, anthropological, cultural, political and economic perspective, mapping how food practices influence and are influenced by religion, production and distribution, ecology and social class. It also examines consumption practices, problems with food production, agricultural distress, food and farming reforms, globalization of food, the adoption of sustainable practices and the future of farming, diets and eating. Engaging and comprehensive, this book will be an essential read for scholars and researchers of anthropology, social and cultural anthropology, sociology, cultural studies, political studies, development studies and food studies.

Place branding as an academic field is both challenging and under explored. In the face of an ever-expanding global urban population, this Handbook illustrates how place branding can contribute to transforming urban agglomeration into sustainable and healthy areas. The Chapters cover four key areas; place branding as a tool for economic development, experiences of place making, methodologies to develop place brands, and urban regeneration. Pioneering experts provide in-depth analysis on the politics and significance of place branding's inclusion in economic development programs, the multisensory dimensions of sense of place, and new epistemologies and methodologies for research. They further examine the role of place marketing in combatting challenges for future cities such as mobility, aesthetics and metropolitan conurbation. Students and scholars in management, marketing and economics will find this innovative and contemporary Handbook a must read. Eminently practical, it will also benefit policy makers and place planners, alongside consultants on public policies. Contributors: E. Arnould, G.J. Ashworth, S. Askegaard, S. Brown, A. Campelo, D. Kjeldgaard, M. Lichrou, D. Medway, K. O'Leary, L. O'Malley, E. Oliveira, C.J. Parker, C. Pasquinelli, M. Patterson, H.D. Pedersen, K. Swanson, A. Therkelsen, G. Warnaby

The educational domain provides a platform for social mobility and social change. This book investigates the new National Educational Policy (NEP) to understand how it can bring social justice and transform education in a meaningful way to match the imagination of students from diverse groups. The author discusses matters of emotion and authority in education and argues for the need for educational psychology which takes into account the self-conscious emotions of students and teachers. The book reflects on important topics such as critical pedagogy, dehumanization, power in education through bricolage, legitimacy in education all within the context of critical educational psychology. Through research and observations, it discusses the social-psychological aspect of stereotyping, othering and prejudices in the educational domain. The book will be of interest to students, teachers and researchers working on education, school education, sociology of education, politics of education, and educational psychology. It will also be useful for academicians, educators, policymakers, schoolteachers, and those interested in the politics of education.

This book argues that the world order is no longer unipolar, and the war in Ukraine proves this fact. As this study describes and theorizes, it has been transformed into a Multipolar World Order 2.0 stage. This title critically examines Chinese, US, Russian, EU, Indian, and a number of other powers’ cooperation and competition over security, diplomatic, economic and cyberspace issues. Accomplished scholars from various regions of the Eurasian continent consider the impact of the Russo–Ukrainian war, the Sino–Russian strategic partnership, China’s relations with the United States and the European Union, the influence of the Belt and Road Initiative, the expansion of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and Eurasian Economic Union, China’s policies in the Middle East, Central Asia, Indo-Asia Pacific, the South Caucasus, Central and Eastern Europe, as well as focus on details of growing contradictions and collaboration in the Eurasian continent over markets, technologies, digital leadership, vaccine distribution, and financial institutions in the Era of Multipolar World Order 2.0. Showing that the US-centred unipolar world order is replaced by Multipolar World Order 2.0 where conflicting powers fight to keep or extend their spheres of influence, this volume is of great interest to decision makers, diplomats, scholars and students of international relations, politics, global governance, Eurasian studies, Chinese studies, cybersecurity, and economics, and for those studying human security, international organizations, and geopolitics.

Reform, Notation and Ottoman Music in Early 19th Century Istanbul: EUTERPE presents the first complete set of transcription and edition of Euterpe (1830) from Byzantine neumatic notation into the modified staff notation used by classical Turkish music and is accompanied by a substantial examination of the related historical, theoretical and musical topics. Through a series of Ottoman/Turkish classical vocal music compositions that can be dated to the 18th and 19th centuries, Euterpe and related sources reinforce a much broader picture of musical practice and transmission in which we clearly see that the Greek and Turkish traditions are linked. Reform, Notation and Ottoman Music in Early 19th Century Istanbul is presented in two parts: historical discussion and musical analysis, and complete transcription and edition of Euterpe. This book will appeal to music scholars and university students interested in minorities, cosmopolitanism in the Middle East and Balkans, the relationship between music and national identity, musical notation, classical Ottoman/Turkish music, Byzantine music, and, most significantly, ethnomusicology.

The book presents a critical and comparative analysis of the hydropolitical landscape of African transboundary river basins which, for much of the past century, have been affected by water scarcity. River and lake basins can become a source of tension and conflict due to a complicated mix of environmental, demographic, diplomatic, historical and geopolitical factors. This book, however, specifically focuses on the important, and often under looked, role played by scarcity in generating or exacerbating conflicts in shared river basins. Asserting that transboundary river basins tie states into a web of interdependence, this book raises awareness of how water scarcity, or the depletion of water resources, complicates this relationship as nations are forced to look beyond their own borders to meet the demand for water to satisfy multiple needs. Taking a comparative approach, it examines three shared basins: the Orange-Senqu, the Nile and the Niger River basins. While situated in different regions, all three basins are marked by serious environmental challenges that are detrimental to combustible hydropolitics over such shared water resources and they provide fascinating insights into the links between climate variability and change, water resources, human security, conflict, adaptation and regime capacity. Overall, this book argues that conflict over transboundary resources can be prevented given the establishment of norms, rules, and the role of external actors that help regulate state behaviour and control their impacts. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of water resource management, hydropolitics, environmental conflict, resource scarcity and international relations. It will also be of interest to policymakers involved in transboundary water resource governance.

A prominent mystic and renowned anti-colonial warrior from Indonesia, Shaykh Yusuf of Macassar (1626-1699), was exiled to South Africa where he played a pioneering role in laying the foundations of Islam. Offering a rich translation of Shaykh Yusuf's Arabic writings, Spiritual Path, Spiritual Reality fills an important gap on the works devoted to the spiritual dimension in the Muslim intellectual archive. The introduction gives insight into his life and an understanding of how his mysticism was connected to his political engagement. Focusing on Islamic mysticism - known as Sufism - the volume covers areas of spiritual discipline of the self, metaphysics and gnostic knowledge. The style is pedagogical with an instructive tone in keeping with the Sufi path.

Updates the scholarship of the previous edition and includes seven brand new chapters. Has a companion website containing images, videos, further reading lists and discussion questions Teaches students to build theory from cultural objects Designed for undergraduate teaching by experienced teachers of Japanese popular culture

Provides an accessible study of the interactions of these two cultures, written by an author with expertise in the languages of both cultures.

-Written in a style that is engaging and accessible to a wide range of readers, from students to practitioners -Each chapter includes reflection exercises, discussion questions and suggestions for further reading, and the case studies include examples taken from around the world -The new edition includes increased coverage of environmental accessibility, Covid-19, and intersectionality

This book uses a revised version of Kingdon's multiple-streams framework to examine health financing reforms in China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and the Republic of Korea (ROK) as well as long-term care insurance (LTCI) reforms in Japan and Singapore. It shows that the explanatory power of the multiple-streams framework can be strengthened through enriching the concepts of policy entrepreneurs, ideas, and windows of opportunity in the original framework as well as bringing the theoretical lens of historical institutionalism into the framework.

Asia Meets Europe raises questions about the nature of regions and, in particular, about the role of inter-regionalism in a rapidly changing environment. Julie Gilson considers the correlation between Asia and Europe within the framework of the unique post cold-war inter-regional Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM). The author then examines the nature of this new type of interaction and its various economic and political forms by exploring the historical precedents and prevailing ideas of region that shape and distort it. The book also encompasses the challenging roles of private enterprise and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) when faced with state actors who continue to regard regional and inter-regional co-operation with ambivalence. Asia Meets Europe will be of special interest to academics and researchers of Asian studies, Asia-Europe relations and international political economy. Practitioners involved in policy making in East Asia and Europe will also find the book of use.