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Books > Social sciences > Politics & government > Political control & freedoms > General
How can people of diverse religious, historical, ethnic, and
linguistic allegiances and identities live together without
committing violence, inflicting suffering, or oppressing each
other? Western civilization has long understood this dilemma as a
question of toleration, yet the logic of toleration and the logic
of multicultural rights entrenchment are two very different things.
In this volume, contributors suggest we also think beyond
toleration to mutual respect, practiced before the creation of
modern multiculturalism in the West. Salman Rushdie reflects on the
once mutually tolerant Sufi-Hindu culture of Kashmir. Ira
Katznelson follows with an intellectual history of toleration as a
layered institution in the West and councils against assuming we
have transcended the need for such tolerance. Charles Taylor
advances a new approach to secularism in our multicultural world,
and Akeel Bilgrami responds by urging caution against making it
difficult to condemn or make illegal dangerous forms of
intolerance. The political theorist Nadia Urbanati explores why the
West did not pursue Cicero's humanist ideal of concord as a
response to religious discord.The volume concludes with a
refutation of the claim that toleration was invented in the West
and is alien to non-Western cultures.
How should a liberal democracy respond to hate groups and others
that oppose the ideal of free and equal citizenship? The democratic
state faces the hard choice of either protecting the rights of hate
groups and allowing their views to spread, or banning their views
and violating citizens' rights to freedoms of expression,
association, and religion. Avoiding the familiar yet problematic
responses to these issues, political theorist Corey Brettschneider
proposes a new approach called value democracy. The theory of value
democracy argues that the state should protect the right to express
illiberal beliefs, but the state should also engage in democratic
persuasion when it speaks through its various expressive
capacities: publicly criticizing, and giving reasons to reject,
hate-based or other discriminatory viewpoints.
Distinguishing between two kinds of state action--expressive
and coercive--Brettschneider contends that public criticism of
viewpoints advocating discrimination based on race, gender, or
sexual orientation should be pursued through the state's expressive
capacities as speaker, educator, and spender. When the state uses
its expressive capacities to promote the values of free and equal
citizenship, it engages in democratic persuasion. By using
democratic persuasion, the state can both respect rights and
counter hateful or discriminatory viewpoints. Brettschneider
extends this analysis from freedom of expression to the freedoms of
religion and association, and he shows that value democracy can
uphold the protection of these freedoms while promoting equality
for all citizens.
Media, Ideology and Hegemony addresses a range of topics that
provide readers with opportunities to think critically about the
new digital world. It includes work on old and new media, on the
corporate power structure in communication and information
technology, and on government use of media to control citizens.
Demonstrating that the new world of media is a hotly contested
terrain, the book also uncovers the contradictions inherent in the
system of digital power and documents how citizens are using media
and information technology to actively resist repressive power.
This collection of essays is grounded in a critical theoretical
foundation, and is historically informed. Contributors are: Alfonso
M. Rodriguez de Austria Gimenez de Aragon, Burton Lee Artz, Arthur
Asa Berger, Oliver Boyd-Barrett, Marco Briziarelli, Savas Coban,
Jeffrey Hoffmann, Junhao Hong, Robert Jensen, Douglas Kellner,
Thomas Klikauer, Peter Ludes, Tanner Mirrlees, Vincent Mosco,
Victor Pickard, Padmaja Shaw, Nick Stevenson, Gerald Sussman,
Minghua Xu.
Following a period of rapid political change, both globally and in
relation to the Middle East and South Asia, this collection sets
new terms of reference for an analysis of the intersections between
global, state, non-state and popular actors and their contradictory
effects on the politics of gender. The volume charts the shifts in
academic discourse and global development practice that shape our
understanding of gender both as an object of policy and as a
terrain for activism. Nine individual case studies systematically
explore how struggles for political control and legitimacy
determine both the ways in which dominant gender orders are
safeguarded and the diverse forms of resistance against them.
Elections always have consequences, but the 2017 Bundestag election
in Germany proved particularly consequential. With political
upheaval across the globe-notably in Britain and the USA-it was
vital to European and global order that Germany remain stable. And
it did through the re-election of Angela Merkel as chancellor, now
in her fourth term. Just under the surface, however, instability is
mounting-exemplified by the entry of the right-wing Alternative for
Germany (AfD) as the largest opposition party, the decline of the
Social Democrats, the ever-restive Bavarians, and the growing
factionalism within the Christian Democratic Union as the Merkel
era comes to an end. Paying special attention to the rise of the
AfD, this volume delves into the campaign, leading political
figures, the structure of the electorate, the state of the parties,
the media environment, coalition negotiations, and policy impacts.
Political movements and citizens across the globe are increasingly
challenging the traditional ways in which political authorities and
governing bodies establish and maintain social control. This edited
collection examines the intersections of social control, political
authority and public policy. Each chapter provides an important
insight into the key elements needed to understand the role of
governance in establishing and maintaining social control through
law and public policymaking. Close attention is paid to the roles
of surveillance and dissent as tools for both establishing and
disrupting the social control of political institutions. This
collection examines the vast implications of increased
participation in governance by citizens through dissent, revealing
the ways in which this represents both a disruption of social
control and a mechanism for increased accountability through
surveillance and media. Through its examination of issues such as
police militarization, police legitimacy, religion and the state,
immigration, mental health policy, privacy and surveillance, and
mass media and social control in a post-truth environment, this
collection will prove invaluable for researchers, policy makers and
practitioners alike.
This book addresses one of the least studied yet most pervasive
aspects of modern life--the techniques and mechanisms by which
official agencies certify individual identity. From passports and
identity cards to labor registration and alien documentation, from
fingerprinting to much-debated contemporary issues such as
DNA-typing, body surveillance, and the catastrophic results of
colonial-era identity documentation in postcolonial Rwanda,
"Documenting Individual Identity" offers the most comprehensive
historical overview of this fascinating topic ever published.
The nineteen essays in this volume represent the collaborative
effort of historians, sociologists, historians of science,
political scientists, economists, and specialists in international
relations. Together they cover a period from the emergence of
systematic practices of written identification in early modern
Europe through to the present day, and a geographic range that
includes Europe, the Soviet Union, North and South America, and
Africa. While the book is attuned to the nefarious possibilities of
states' increasing capacity to identify individuals, it recognizes
that these same techniques also certify citizens' eligibility for
significant positive rights, such as welfare benefits and
voting.
Unprecedented in subject and scope, Documenting Individual
Identity promises to shape a whole new field of research that
crosses disciplinary boundaries and is of broad public and academic
significance. In addition to the editors, the contributors are
Valentin Groebner, Gerard Noiriel, Charles Steinwedel, Marc
Garcelon, Jon Agar, Martine Kaluszynski, Peter Becker, Anne Joseph,
Kristin Ruggiero, Andrea Geselle, Andreas Fahrmeier, Leo Lucassen,
Pamela Sankar, David Lyon, Gary Marx, Dita Vogel, and Timothy
Longman."
Stalinism, that particularly brutal phase of communism, came to an
end in most of Eastern Europe with the death of Josef Stalin in
1953 or at least with the Khrushchev reforms that began in the
Soviet Union in 1956. However, in one country - Albania - Stalinism
survived virtually unscathed until 1990. The regime that the
Albanian dictator Enver Hoxha led from the time of the communist
takeover in 1944 until his death in 1985, and that continued
unabated under his successor Ramiz Alia until 1990, was
incomparably severe. Such was the reign of terror that no audible
voice of opposition or dissent ever arose in the Balkan state, a
European country that became as isolated from the rest of the world
as North Korea is today. When the Albanian communist system finally
imploded, it left behind a weary population, frightened and
confused after decades of purges and political terror. It also left
behind a country with a weak and fragile economy, a country where
extreme poverty was the norm. In the decades since Hoxha's death,
Albania has made substantial progress in political and economic
terms, yet the spectre of Hoxha still lingers over the country.
Despite this, many people - inside and outside Albania - know
little about the man who ruled the country with an iron fist for so
many decades. This book provides the first biography of Enver Hoxha
available in English, from his birth in GjirokastEr in southern
Albania, then still under Ottoman rule, to his death in 1985 at the
age of 76. Using archival documents and first-hand interviews,
Albanian journalist Blendi Fevziu pieces together the life of this
tyrannical ruler, in a biography which will be essential reading
for anyone interested in Balkan history and communist studies.
The controversial anti-secrecy organization WikiLeaks made
headlines around the world when it released hundreds of thousands
of classified U.S. government documents in 2010. Allowed advance
access, The New York Times sorted, searched, and analyzed these
secret archives, placed them in context, and played a crucial role
in breaking the WikiLeaks story.
Open Secrets is the essential collection of the Times's expert
reporting and analysis, as well as the definitive chronicle of the
documents' release and the controversy that ensued. An introduction
by Times executive editor, Bill Keller, details the paper's
cloak-and-dagger relationship with a difficult source. Extended
profiles of Assange and Bradley Manning, the Army private suspected
of being his source, offer keen insight into the main players.
Collected news stories offer a broad and deep view into Iraq,
Afghanistan, Pakistan, and the messy challenges facing American
power in Europe, Russia, Asia, the Middle East, and Africa. Also
included are editorials by the Times, opinion columns by Frank
Rich, Maureen Dowd, and others, and original essays on what the
fracas has revealed about American diplomacy and government
security. Open Secrets also contains a fascinating selection of
original cables and war logs, offering an unvarnished look at
diplomacy in action.
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