Since the economic reform of the 1980s, Chinese economy has boomed and has now become the second largest in the world. Based on the constant and systematic researches of economic periodicity, this book studies Chinese economic growth and fluctuations. As a famous Chinese economist, the author is the first one who demonstrated the investment periodicity in China. His groundbreaking studies on Chinese economic periodic fluctuation have significant impact at home and abroad. The first six papers collected in this book mainly examine issues on Chinese periodic fluctuation and macroeconomic regulation, including the periodic fluctuations from 1953 to 1994, and a comparative analysis of five macroeconomic regulations since the reform and open up in the late 1980s. The last seven papers appear in the author's collected works for the first time. They are focused on the new characteristics of Chinese macroeconomic operation and regulation after the financial crisis of 2007-2008. In addition, this book reviews on China's economic growth from 1949 to 2009 and provides some valuable suggestions on how to maintain the rising trend of the new economic cycle.

Economic growth and its relevant subjects have been given the first priority in the research agenda since China initiated economic reforms in 1978, while the topics of social protection and gender equality have been largely left at the periphery for a long period. This book is a collection of evidence-based studies conducted mainly in poor areas of rural China during the recent two decades. Based on individual interviews and sample data analyses, this book emphasizes the importance of cooperative organizations to poverty reduction, and puts forward that gender equality is closely related with sustainable development. In addition, it addresses the issues of food security and elimination of social exclusion - the key to bridging economic divide. It also studies social protection, including basic health protection system, nutrition and healthcare for children, old age security for landless farmers and rural migrant workers. By providing first-hand accounts of different vulnerable groups, such as the poor, women, migrant workers, ethnic minorities and small farmers, this book offers valuable insights into studies of contemporary Chinese society and economy.

As an important macroeconomic variant, the fiscal revenue and expenditure can influence the operation of the whole economic and social activities by changing the existing GDP distribution pattern, affecting the consumption and investment of enterprises and people, etc. Thus, fiscal policy has always been a primary instrument of macroeconomic regulation. This book imports fiscal policy into the framework of macroeconomic analysis and through the analysis of the former, it unfolds the major changes of China's macroeconomic operation in the past 20 years. This book begins with China's rejoining the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in the 1990s which enabled China to deepen the reform and join the international market finally. It elaborates on the challenges China's taxation would be confronted with after rejoining the GATT, including the decrease of tax revenue and higher requirements for tax reform. Then this book combs China's fiscal policies under various economic situations chronologically-tax policy under the background of deflation, proactive fiscal policy at the beginning of 21st century, macroeconomic policy options facing a complicated and volatile economy, etc. How to deal with the ! Degreesnew normal!+/- of development China's economy has entered is also addressed. This book will appeal to scholars and students of economics and China's economic studies.

Economic transformation in traditional development economics refers to the transition from an agricultural society to an industrial one. Based on the practical conditions and the experience since reform and opening up in the late 1970s, the author observes that the path China's economy takes is a dual transformation, namely, developmental transformation from an agricultural society to an industrial economy, and institutional transformation from planned economy to market economy. Centering on property ownership reform which is the supreme reform of the dual transformation, this book discusses land ownership approval, stock-holding system reform and the maintaining ownership of private enterprises, etc. Besides, the book expounds on the urbanization in China, believing that it is not only the outcome of the dual transformation but also the booster that will help China's economy continue to develop at a high speed. Independent innovation and industrial upgrading which is the key to the enhancement of enterprises' competitiveness is also covered. The combination or overlapping of the two types of transformations in China has had no precedent in history, and it has not been discussed in traditional development economics. Scholars and students in China's economic studies and development economics studies will be attracted by this book. In addition, this book will be a valuable reference for other developing countries which are undergoing economic transformation.

This important textbook offers a comprehensive look into the two main traditions in contemporary macroeconomics ? New Classical and Keynesian ? and examines the work of economists who have drawn on principles from both traditions to form a new, integrated approach known as New Neoclassical Synthesis. Importantly, this provides the theoretical foundation for much of current mainstream economics and the work done by central banks around the world. With a dual focus on research methods and policy applications, this book bridges the gap between intermediate macroeconomic and advanced graduate-level texts, making it an ideal resource for senior undergraduate and Masters students in applied economics programs. Key topics include:? a concise summary of intermediate macroeconomics, including the foundational ideas of both the New Classical and Keynesian traditions? the Lucas critique of standard methods for evaluating policy design? debt sustainability and austerity vs. stimulation debate? optimal inflation rates? tax reform and growth analysis? alternative monetary policies for pursuing price stability? theories of unemployment.Students and instructors will find additional useful resources on the book?s companion website, including practice questions for each chapter.

This book, together with Economic Development and Reform Deepening in China is a collection of papers written in recent years about maintaining economic growth, managing inflation, the relationship between growth and structural adjustment, control of price growth, maintaining stable economic development, and other relevant aspects of macro-control, economic development, and deepening reform. Chinese government adopts many of the recommendations put forward by the book.

Applied International Economics, 5th edition, offers a modern and accessible treatment of international economics, shifting the emphasis from pure theory to the application of theory by using the standard tools of economic analysis. This new and streamlined edition makes the real-world application of international economics even more clear than previous editions, and focuses on the basics that students will need in order to analyze information on the world economy throughout their future careers. The new edition has been refocused, revised, and thoroughly updated. Key features include: Expanded coverage of China's role in the world economy. New material on how changes in trade flows can be decomposed into the extensive and intensive margins of trade. New material on the use of Section 301 of U.S. trade law and the U.S.-China trade dispute. Updated coverage of Brexit. A new focus on the sole use of the Mundell-Fleming model to analyze balance of payments issues. Improved linkages between the concepts of purchasing power parity and the real exchange rate. Written in a thorough and engaging style, the book covers topics at a level appropriate for students specializing in business or international relations, as well as economics students. Along with a wealth of case studies and real-life examples, the book offers extensive pedagogical tools that include a companion website, end-of-chapter summaries, and explanations of key concepts and terms. For instructors, PowerPoint presentations and an extensive test bank are available.

First published in 2002. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

As Europe moves toward an integrated academic system, European economics is changing. This book discusses that change, along with the changes that are happening simultaneously within the economics profession. The authors argue that modern economics can no longer usefully be described as ?neoclassical?, but is much better described as complexity economics. The complexity approach embraces rather than assumes away the complexities of social interaction. The authors also argue that despite all the problems with previous European academic structures, those structures allowed for more diversity than exists in US universities, and thus were often ahead of US universities in exploring new cutting-edge approaches. The authors further argue that by trying to judge themselves by US-centric measures and to copy US universities, the European economics profession is undermining some of the strengths of the older system ? strengths on which it should be building. While the authors agree that European economics needs to go through major changes in the coming decade, they argue that by building on Europe?s strengths, rather than trying to follow a US example, Europe will be more likely to become the global leader in economics in the coming decades rather than a second-rate copy of the US. The book begins with two chapters spelling out the authors? view of the changes in economics and European economics. This is followed by 11 interviews with a diverse set of innovative European economists from a range of European countries. In the interviews these European economists reflect on the ongoing changes in economics generally and in European economics specifically. These interviews demonstrate how the economics profession is moving away from traditional neoclassical economics into a dynamic set of new methods and approaches (incorporating work in behavioral economics, experimental economics, evolutionary game theory and ecological approaches, complexity and nonlinear dynamics, methodological analysis, and agent-based modelling) that the authors classify as complexity economics. This fascinating and easy-to-read book will prove a stimulating and thought-provoking read for those with an interest in economics, European education, and the nature of academic disciplines generally.

The past few decades have witnessed the emergence of economic imbalances at the world level and within the euro zone. The failure of mainstream economics to accurately predict financial crises, or model the effects of finance-led growth, highlights the need for alternative frameworks. A key text, Global Imbalances and Financial Capitalism: Stock-Flow-Consistent Modelling demonstrates that Stock-Flow-Consistent models are well adapted to study this growth regime due to their ability to analyse the real and financial sides of the economy in an integrated way. This approach is combined with an analysis of exchange rate misalignments using the Fundamental Equilibrium Exchange Rate (FEER) methodology, which serves to give a synthetic view of international imbalances. Together, these models describe how global and regional imbalances are created, as well as suggest appropriate tools through which they may be reduced. The book also considers alternative economic policies in the euro zone (international risk sharing, fiscal federalism, eurobonds, European investments, a multispeed euro zone) alongside alternative monetary policies. In particular, it examines the possibilities of using SDR (Special Drawing Rights) as a reserve asset to be issued to fight a global recession, to support the development of low-income countries, or as an anchor to improve global monetary stability. This text will be of interest to students, scholars, and researchers of economic theory and international monetary economics. It will also appeal to professional organisations who supervise international relations.

This insightful and comprehensive book uses theory and empirical studies to debunk contemporary illusions about the functionality of economies and examines the phenomena of economic magic and economic black magic. Norman C. Miller considers 11 economic myths, three of which are the theory that excessive imports reduce employment as firms are forced to downsize or shut down, that a more equal distribution of income kills incentives and reduces economic growth rates and the myth that a higher minimum wage always generates a net decrease in employment. Chapters examine the effects of advances in technology, poverty and income inequality, international trade, and trade deficits on employment and economic growth. The book concludes with discussions on three case studies demonstrating economic black magic, namely the Great Depression, the Great Recession, and the COVID-19 pandemic. This creative and accessible book will be vital reading for students and scholars in economics and finance, the history of economic thought, methodology of economics, and political economy. It will also be beneficial for business owners, economists, finance practitioners, and social scientists, as well as citizens interested in the functioning of economies.

Rapid technological developments in communications and transportation, economic liberalization and the emergence of new economies with vast market potential have changed the shape of international production. This scholarly selection of articles represents some of the most important contributions to an understanding of this ongoing, global economic restructuring and its impact on the geographic configuration of production and the economic competitiveness of nations in the world economy.

This seminal work offers a carefully edited collection of Ryuzo Sato's pioneering contributions to the analysis of the theories of production, preference, stability and dynamic symmetry in economics.The author examines production functions and preference functions containing both goods and money and studies the stability of general equilibrium systems and economic conservation laws. The book also includes Professor Sato's groundbreaking work on the application of Lie group theory to the estimation of technical progress. This important book will be welcomed by scholars interested in technical change and progress.

The first theoretical analysis of the Asian Financial Crisis--perhaps the single most important economic event of the 1990s--starts by presenting a factual and analytic overview of what happened. It goes on to consider why crisis turned into collapse, speculative attacks, and contagion and finishes with a round table discussion of policy issues. The distinguished contributors are from organizations including IMF, the World Bank and the Bank for International Settlements. This is vital reading for policy professionals as well as researchers and graduate students in a wide range of disciplines.

First published in 1974, Devaluation and Pricing Decisions is based on case studies of the export pricing decisions made by nineteen major British companies after the 1967 devaluation.The aim was to look in detail at the decisions that major British firms took after devaluation and to see how they had responded to this major change in government policy. This book shows how far the firms had anticipated the devaluation; what company objectives were at that time and what changes in these objectives, or in pricing and marketing policies, were made to take advantage of new opportunities for exporting and for import substitution. The researchers also examined the actual process of decision making to find what information was available to the decision makers and how they used it. The book is directed to businessmen taking decisions on export prices and marketing in the world of today where foreign exchange rates change frequently. It is also directed towards those responsible for shaping national economic policy. For students of economics, it represents a study showing, in considerable detail, how a number of businesses responded to the 1967 devaluation.

First published in 1985 Industrial Relations in Europe examines the development of trade unions and their relations with the employers and employers' organisations in a number of Western European countries in the 1980s. The shared characteristics of these systems are common heritage of political democracy, market economies, the right of employers to manage the business for which they are responsible and the right of employees to belong to unions which are free to bargain and to seek political goals which will advance the interests of their members. With case studies from Denmark, Germany, France, Great Britain, Norway etc. the volume showcases the major structural changes brought about by technological, economic and social factors which had significant implications for trade unions and traditional patterns of industrial relations. A major response was the erosion of centralized processes of decision making and a return to the individual, local initiative and an increased interest in entrepreneurship. This book is a must read for scholars of political economy, industrial economy and economics in general.

The objectives of this study, first published in 1982, are to elaborate a micro-economic model which adequately explains the interrelationships among economic forces determining the distribution of income in a peasant economy in the early stages of transition to industrialization. It also examines the development of the 'dual economy', an economy composed of a large peasant agricultural sector with its ancillary handicraft sector, both traditional in techniques and institutions, and a small but growing modern industrial sector.

Ideally, scientific theory and scientific measurement should develop in tandem, but in recent years this has not been the case in economics. There used to be a time when leading economists, or their students, established or led statistical offices and took care that the measurements were consistent with the theory (and vice versa). Not anymore. Macroeconomic theorists and macroeconomic statisticians do not even speak the same language any longer. They do use the same words, such as 'consumption', 'investments' or 'unemployment' but the meanings can often be different. This book maps the differences between macroeconomic theory and measurement and explores them in some detail while also tracking their intellectual, historical and, in some cases, ideological origins. It also explores the possible policy implications. In doing so, the book draws on two separate strands of literature which are seldom used in unison: macro-statistical manuals and theoretical macro-papers. By doing so, the book contributes to the effort to bridge the gap between them without compromising on the idea that a meaningful science of economics should, in the end, be based upon individual people and households and their social and cultural embedding instead of a 'representative consumer', or Robinson Crusoe figure. This work is essential reading for students, economists, statisticians, and professionals.

Economic inequality has become a focus of prime interest for economic analysts and policy makers. This book provides an integrated approach to the topics of inequality and personal income distribution. It covers the practical and theoretical bases for inequality analysis, applications to real world problems and the foundations of theoretical approaches to income distribution. It also analyses models of the distribution of labour earnings and of income from wealth. The long-run development of income - and wealth - distribution over many generations is also examined. Special attention is given to an assessment of the merits and weaknesses of standard economic models, to illustrating the implications of distributional mechanisms using real data and illustrative examples, and to providing graphical interpretation of formal arguments. Examples are drawn from US, UK and international sources.

First Published in 1943, Social Security critically examines the arrangements for providing pensions, insurance benefits, allowances and compensation to the vast mass of wage earners and their dependants. Divided into two parts, it discusses crucial themes like the fundamentals of social security; unemployment and health insurance; pension schemes for widows, orphans, the blind, and the aged; the system of workmen's compensation; superannuation schemes; pensions for the members of armed forces and civilians suffering war injuries and public assistance and the work of the assistance board. This comprehensive book is a must read for scholars and researchers of political economy, British economy, and labour economics.

Market Analysis for Real Estate is a comprehensive introduction to how real estate markets work and the analytical tools and techniques that can be used to identify and interpret market signals. The markets for space and varied property assets, including residential, office, retail, and industrial, are presented, analyzed, and integrated into a complete understanding of the role of real estate markets within the workings of contemporary urban economies. Unlike other books on market analysis, the economic and financial theory in this book is rigorous and well integrated with the specifics of the real estate market. Furthermore, it is thoroughly explained as it assumes no previous coursework in economics or finance on the part of the reader. The theoretical discussion is backed up with numerous real estate case study examples and problems, which are presented throughout the text to assist both student and teacher. Including discussion questions, exercises, several web links, and online slides, this textbook is suitable for use on a variety of degree programs in real estate, finance, business, planning, and economics at undergraduate and MSc/MBA level. It is also a useful primer for professionals in these disciplines.

Following German reunification in 1990, East Germany's centrally planned economy was abolished and replaced by West Germany's social market economy. Western Germany has since provided vast financial support to aid the transformation, and enable eastern Germany to catch-up with western Germany's productivity and living standards. This book evaluates the main events and their outcomes since mid-1990 and the associated policy issues. The authors assess the medium to long term growth prospects of eastern Germany and the wider implications for western Germany and Europe.The Economics of German Unification analyses the economic process of assimilating eastern Germany into the institutions and performance levels of western Germany. It includes original research as well as providing an overview of existing literature. Among the topics discussed are: the relative backwardness of East Germany's economy the impact of monetary and economic integration restructuring and privatization <>li>labour market and industrial policy, including an analysis of wage restraint and cost reduction the prospects for eastern Germany catching-up economically with western Germany the repercussions for German competitiveness nationally and within the wider European context This book will be welcomed by academics, researchers and undergraduates interested in the economics of transition, comparative economic systems, political economy and the European business environment.

This updated and fully revised second edition provides a comprehensive examination of issues of paramount importance for Southeast Asian economies including: * the economic implications of the 1997 Asian crisis for both older and newer members of ASEAN * the role of government and FDI in ASEAN economic growth and development * trade patterns with the US, Japan and the EU and the economic implications of China's accession to the WTO for ASEAN countries * the environmental consequences of industrialisation and growth * the emergence of economic growth triangles and their contribution to ASEAN growth and regional cooperation * the prospects and challenges of ASEAN economic cooperation before and after the crisis * and the key challenges facing ASEAN member countries in the aftermath of the crisis. This is a timely and topical book. The Economies of Southeast Asia, Second Edition will continue to be a valuable and essential text for courses on Asian studies and economics, development economics and comparative economic systems in both the East and West.

Macroeconomic Principles and Problems: A Pluralist Introduction offers a comprehensive overview of the major topics in modern macroeconomics, from mainstream and heterodox perspectives. This textbook examines the key macroeconomic problems and policy debates facing contemporary society, including economic crises, sustainability, fiscal and monetary policy, government debt, state-led vs. market-led approaches for growth, and unregulated trade vs. protectionism. Written in an engaging style and focused on real-world examples, this textbook brings macroeconomics to life. Multiple examples of how each economic model works, coupled with critical analysis of the assumptions behind them, enable students to develop a sophisticated understanding of the material. Digital supplements are also available for students and instructors. Macroeconomic Principles and Problems offers the most contemporary and complete package for any pluralist macroeconomics principles class.