As technology becomes further engrained in the modern healthcare experience, an understanding of the impact created by the implementation of each new technology as well as the issues surrounding the today's medical experience is never more necessary. New Technologies for Advancing Healthcare and Clinical Practices chronicles the latest developments that are forming the future of medicine. This book introduces and explores the current technological innovations and applications of information systems and informatics in the healthcare industry while directing frameworks for advancing healthcare and clinical practices and research. Practitioners, educators, and researchers will find an international collection of case studies, surveys, and empirical research using qualitative approaches.

After the Nancy Cruzan case was decided by the Supreme Court in 1990, and ultimately resolved by the Courts of the State of Missouri, the decision to withhold or withdraw life-prolonging nutrition and hydration appeared to many to be as noncontroversial as decisions to refuse respirators or dialysis. Even the Catholic Church held that, although there should be a presumption in favor of providing nutrition and hydration, the patient or the patient's surrogate could overrule this presumption, if either believed the treatment was disproportionate or burdensome. The Schiavo case changed all that. Although the decision to remove Terri Schiavo's nutrition and hydration was made by her husband - her legal surrogate - based on his wife's belief that such treatment was disproportionate, Schiavo's immediate family protested so much that the case took years to resolve. It eventually involved all branches of government at both the state and federal levels. The ethical dilemmas that such cases pose continue to stir great controversy. This in-depth examination of these dilemmas provides information and documentation from many perspectives. The editors have included a foreword by Dr. Jay Wolfson, Terri Schiavo's court-appointed guardian ad litem, as well as Dr. Wolfson's report to Gov. Jeb Bush on the case and Gov. Bush's reply; public statements by President George Bush and Senators David Weldon, Rick Santorum, Tom DeLay, Bill Frist, and Barney Frank; statements by the pope and other representatives of the Catholic Church on this issue; plus much medical and legal background material on both precedents to the Schiavo case and its aftermath, including the results of the autopsy report. For anyone wishing an in-depth understanding of these complex ethical issues, issues many of us will have to confront in our own families, this volume is indispensable.

This new addition to Hart Publishing's Landmark Cases series brings together leading figures in the field to discuss a selection of the most significant cases in medical law. These are cases which either signpost a new development for medical law, illustrate an important development of the law, or signpost likely future developments of the law. The cases are explored in their social and historical context to understand better what has influenced the development of the law. This collection provides a fascinating insight in the interaction of medical law and broader social changes to our bodies, illness and medical professionals.

Many teachers in public schools find themselves increasingly unsure of what the law expects of them in the classroom. The general public and government regulators are holding them to higher and stricter standers of conduct, but their educational preparation has not kept up with the changing environment. Knowing Where to Draw the Line: Ethical and Legal Standards for Best Classroom Practice is an ideal guide for teacher education programs, offering a comprehensive account of the legal information that will arm teachers for legal survival in the classroom. Organized for both easy reference and thorough examination, Knowing Where to Draw the Line: Ethical and Legal Standards for Best Classroom Practice instructs teachers on how to deal with students, parents, administrators, and local communities, covering an exhaustive list of legal issues including: Sexual harassment, Discipline, Contract negotiations, Liability, and Medical Concerns. In addition, Knowing Where to Draw the Line: Ethical and Legal Standards for Best Classroom Practice highlights a number of court cases and uses hypothetical cases to further aid teachers in understanding these vital concerns.

This book stands out from others on media law by emphasising the increasingly important regulatory and European aspects, and focussing less on more traditional common law topics. The authors take a comparative approach, using material from the USA and Commonwealth jurisdictions, as well as looking at relevant aspects of Human Rights law. The commentary is comprehensive and critical, introducing you to the wide range of technical and policy questions which are posed in the field of media law.

This volume of essays is concerned with the discrimination against older people that results from a failure to recognise their diversity. By considering the unique combinations of discrimination that arise from the interrelationship of age and gender, pensions, ethnicity, sexual orientation, socio-economic class and disability, the contributors demonstrate that the discrimination suffered is multiple in nature. It is the combination of these characteristics that leads to the need for more complex ways of tackling age discrimination.

This timely book provides the first legal and policy analysis of the intellectual property (IP) aspects of a rapidly-growing category of regulatory measures affecting the presentation and advertising of certain health-related goods. The key goods examined are tobacco, alcohol, food, and pharmaceuticals. Chapters focusing on both distinct policy areas and specific country examples serve to unearth the inherent tension emerging between these new measures as well as other categories of public health measures and IP regimes. This book discusses how to balance the legitimate interests of governments to promote human health and the protection and enforcement of IP rights. It also further explores how to amend IP regimes with a view to encouraging companies to produce and market healthier products. Comprehensive and engaging, this book will provide innovative research angles to academics and students in the areas of both health and IP law. Its wealth of examples and analytic style will also prove insightful to legal professionals who advise on issues related to IP and public health as well as policy makers, governments and NGOs. Contributors include: A. Alemanno, J. Blum, E. BonadioI, I. Calboli, I. Carreno, M. Chon, M. Davison, M. Elsmore, M.T. Fujiye, E. Laurenza, A. Marsoof, A. Mitchell, V. Vadi

Never before have two revolutions with so much potential to save and prolong human life occurred simultaneously. The converging, synergistic power of the biochemical and digital revolutions now allows us to read every letter of life's code, create precisely targeted drugs to control it, and tailor their use to individual patients. Cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer's and countless other killers can be vanquished,if we make full use of the tools of modern drug design and allow doctors the use of modern data gathering and analytical tools when prescribing drugs to their patients.But Washington stands in the way, clinging to outdated drug-approval protocols developed decades ago during medicine's long battle with the infectious epidemics of the past. Peter Huber, an expert in science, technology, and public policy, demonstrates why Washington's one-size-fits-all drug policies can't deal with diseases rooted in the complex molecular diversity of human bodies. Washington is ill-equipped to handle the torrents of data that now propel the advance of molecular medicine and is reluctant to embrace the statistical methods of the digital age that can. Obsolete economic policies, often rationalized as cost-saving measures, stifle innovation and suppress investment in the medicine that can provide the best cures at the lowest cost.In the 1980s, an AIDS diagnosis was a death sentence, until the FDA loosened its throttling grip and began streamlining and accelerating approval of life-saving drugs. The Cure in the Code shows patients, doctors, investors, and policy makers what we must now do to capture the full life-saving and cost-saving potential of the revolution in molecular medicine. America has to choose. At stake for America is the power to lead the world in mastering the most free, fecund, competitive, dynamic, and intelligent natural resource on the planet,the molecular code that spawns human life and controls our health.

How Spanish-language radio has influenced American and Latino discourse on key current affairs issues such as citizenship and immigration. Winner, Book of the Year presented by the American Association of Hispanics in Higher Education Honorable Mention for the 2015 Latino Studies Best Book presented by the Latin American Studies Association The last two decades have produced continued Latino population growth, and marked shifts in both communications and immigration policy. Since the 1990s, Spanish- language radio has dethroned English-language radio stations in major cities across the United States, taking over the number one spot in Los Angeles, Houston, Miami, and New York City. Investigating the cultural and political history of U.S. Spanish-language broadcasts throughout the twentieth century, Sounds of Belonging reveals how these changes have helped Spanish-language radio secure its dominance in the major U.S. radio markets. Bringing together theories on the immigration experience with sound and radio studies, Dolores Ines Casillas documents how Latinos form listening relationships with Spanish-language radio programming. Using a vast array of sources, from print culture and industry journals to sound archives of radio programming, she reflects on institutional growth, the evolution of programming genres, and reception by the radio industry and listeners to map the trajectory of Spanish-language radio, from its grassroots origins to the current corporate-sponsored business it has become. Casillas focuses on Latinos' use of Spanish-language radio to help navigate their immigrant experiences with U.S. institutions, for example in broadcasting discussions about immigration policies while providing anonymity for a legally vulnerable listenership. Sounds of Belonging proposes that debates of citizenship are not always formal personal appeals but a collective experience heard loudly through broadcast radio.

Fierce debate has long loomed over Title IX, the landmark legislation prohibiting sex discrimination in schools, whether in academics or athletics. Since its inception, Title IX has inspired both backlash and backlash-against-backlash commentary. Supporters contend that the legislation is a long overdue measure in securing equal opportunities for girls and women in America's school and university athletics. Opponents argue that Title IX is nothing more than a government-enforced quota system that is damaging men's sports programs. Caught in the middle are the schools that struggle to develop equitable sports programs for male and female athletes. From the hard fought passing of Title IX in 1972 to the most recent debates surrounding compliance, this encyclopedia explores the significant individuals, schools, events, key concepts, controversies, and legal cases revolving around Title IX and its application in collegiate athletics. This encyclopedia, the first of its kind, offers a comprehensive guide to various aspects and wide ranging issues associated with Title IX and sports. With more than 150 in-depth entries, this inclusive and authoritative reference will appeal to students, scholars, and general readers interested in both the historic framework and contemporary implications of Title IX and academic athletics. Sample entries include: A League of Their Own Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women v. NCAA (1984) Bonnie Blair Molly "Machine Gun" Bolin California NOW v. Board of Trustees of California State Universities (1993) Commission on Equal Opportunity in Athletics Equity in Athletics Disclosure Act Patsy Mink Ms. Foundation National Women's Football League NationalWrestling Coaches Assocation Pederson v. Louisiana State University (2000) Three Part Test

Text, Cases and Materials on Medical Law combines detailed commentary and analysis of the law with excerpts from a range of sources, both legal and non-legal, to help set the law in context and deepen your knowledge of this contentious and highly emotive area of law.

A: Einfuhrung.- 1 Sozialrecht und Sozialleistungstrager.- 1.1 Arzt und Sozialrecht.- 1.2 Das Sozialrecht im Gefuge der Rechtsordnung.- 1.3 Sozialrechtsbereiche, Sozialleistungstrager.- 1.4 Nahtlosigkeit der Sozialleistungen.- B: Allgemeiner Teil.- 2 Sozialrechtliche Grundbegriffe.- 2.1 Versicherungsfall, Leistungsfall.- 2.2 Krankheit und verwandte Begriffe.- 2.3 Behinderung.- 2.4 Arbeitsunfahigkeit.- 2.5 Dienstunfahigkeit.- 2.6 Erwerbsunfahigkeit.- 2.7 Berufsunfahigkeit.- 2.8 Teilweise und volle Erwerbsminderung.- 2.9 Hilflosigkeit, Pflegebedurftigkeit.- 2.10 Unfall.- 2.11 Minderung der Erwerbsfahigkeit (MdE, GdB).- 2.12 Vorschaden, Parallelschaden, Nachschaden.- 2.13 Arbeitslosigkeit, Verfugbarkeit.- 2.14 Rehabilitation und Teilhabe Behinderter.- 3 Ursachlicher Zusammenhang.- 3.1 Ursachlicher Zusammenhang: Allgemeines.- 3.2 Sozialrechtlichen Kausalitatslehre: Wesentliche Bedingung.- 3.3 Sozialrechtlichen Kausalitatslehre: Konkurrierende Kausalitat.- 3.4 Einheitlichkeit der Zusammenhangsbeurteilung.- 3.5 Bezugszeitpunkt der Zusammenhangsbeurteilung.- 3.6 Beweisanforderungen und Beweislast.- 3.7 Schadensanlage und anlagebedingte Leiden.- 3.8 Gelegenheitsursache.- 3.9 Verursachung iS der Entstehung und der Verschlimmerung.- 3.10 Mittelbarer Schaden.- 3.11 Abschliessende Beurteilung des ursachlichen Zusammenhangs.- 3.12 Schemata fur die sozialmedizinische Beurteilung.- 3.13 Sonderfalle des Kausalitatsrechts.- C: Besonderer Teil.- 4 Materielles Sozialrecht.- 4.1 Sozialgesetzbuch I (SGB I).- 4.2 Ausbildungsfoerderung (BAFoeG).- 4.3 Arbeitsfoerderung und Arbeitslosenversicherung (SGB III).- 4.4 Sozialgesetzbuch IV: Gemeinsame Vorschriften fur die Sozialversicherung (SGB IV).- 4.5 Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung (SGB V).- 4.6 Gesetzliche Rentenversicherung (SGB VI).- 4.7 Gesetzliche Unfallversicherung (SGB VII).- 4.8 Kinder- und Jugendhilferecht (SGB VIII).- 4.9 Rehabilitation und Teilhabe von Behinderten (SGB IX).- 4.10 Schwerbehindertenrecht ( 68 ff SGB IX).- 4.11 Gesetzliche Pflegeversicherung (SGB XI).- 4.12 Kindergeld; Erziehungsgeld und Elternzeit (Erziehungsurlaub); Mutterschaftsgeld.- 4.13 Soziales Entschadigungsrecht.- 4.14 Sozialhilferecht (BSHG).- 4.15 Bedarfsorientierte Grundsicherung im Alter und bei Erwerbsminderung (GSiG).- 5 Verfahrensrecht.- 5.1 Allgemeines.- 5.2 Zivilprozess (ZPO).- 5.3 Strafprozess (StPO).- 5.4 Verwaltungsverfahren (SGB X).- 5.5 Sozialgerichtliches Verfahren (SGG).- D: Sozialmedizinische Begutachtung.- 6 Atteste, Befundberichte.- 1.1 AErztliche Bescheinigungen, privatarztliche Stellungnahmen.- 1.2 Befundberichte.- 1.3 Privatgutachten.- 7 AErztliche Sachverstandigengutachten.- 7.1 Gutachten im Verwaltungsverfahren der Sozialleistungstrager.- 7.2 Das Sachverstandigengutachten im sozialgerichtlichen Verfahren.- 7.3 Rechte und Pflichten des arztlichen Sach- verstandigen.- 8 Rechtliche Aspekte zur Begutachtung einzelner spezieller Rechtsfragen.- 8.1 Aspekte zum Krankheitsbegriff.- 8.2 Aspekte zum Unfallbegriff.- 8.3 Aspekte zur Beurteilung des ursachlichen Zusammenhangs.- 8.4 Aspekte zur medizinischen Rehabilitation.- 8.5 Aspekte zur Arbeitslosenversicherung.- 8.6 Aspekte zur gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung.- 8.7 Aspekte zur gesetzlichen Pflegeversicherung.- 8.8 Aspekte zur gesetzlichen Rentenversicherung.- 8.9 Aspekte zur gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung.- 8.10 Aspekte zum sozialen Entschadigungsrecht.- 8.11 Aspekte zum Schwerbehindertenrecht.- 8.12 Aspekte zur Neufeststellung und Rucknahme von Verwaltungsakten.

This book discusses issues relating to the application of AI and computational modelling in criminal proceedings from a European perspective. Part one provides a definition of the topics. Rather than focusing on policing or prevention of crime - largely tackled by recent literature - it explores ways in which AI can affect the investigation and adjudication of crime. There are two main areas of application: the first is evidence gathering, which is addressed in Part two. This section examines how traditional evidentiary law is affected by both new ways of investigation - based on automated processes (often using machine learning) - and new kinds of evidence, automatically generated by AI instruments. Drawing on the comprehensive case law of the European Court of Human Rights, it also presents reflections on the reliability and, ultimately, the admissibility of such evidence. Part three investigates the second application area: judicial decision-making, providing an unbiased review of the meaning, benefits, and possible long-term effects of 'predictive justice' in the criminal field. It highlights the prediction of both violent behaviour, or recidivism, and future court decisions, based on precedents. Touching on the foundations of common law and civil law traditions, the book offers insights into the usefulness of 'prediction' in criminal proceedings.

This volume brings together an interdisciplinary group of scholars from the United States, the Middle East, and North Africa, to discuss and critically analyze the intersection of gender and human rights laws as applied to individuals of Arab descent. It seeks to raise consciousness at the intersection of gender, identity, and human rights as it relates to Arabs at home and throughout the diaspora. The context of revolution and the destabilizing impact of armed conflicts in the region are used to critique and examine the utility of human rights law to address contemporary human rights issues through extralegal strategies. To this end, the volume seeks to inform, educate, persuade, and facilitate newer or less-heard perspectives related to gender and masculinities theories. It provides readers with new ways of understanding gender and human rights and proposes forward-looking solutions to implementing human rights norms. The goal of this book is to use the context of Arabs at home and throughout the diaspora to critique and examine the utility of human rights norms and laws to diminish human suffering with the goal of transforming the structural, social, and cultural conditions that impede access to human rights. This book will be of interest to a diverse audience of scholars, students, public policy researchers, lawyers and the educated public interested in the fields of human rights law, international studies, gender politics, migration and diaspora, and Middle East and North African politics.

Digital and social media companies such as Apple, Google, and Facebook grip the globe with market, civic, and political strength akin to large, sovereign states. Yet, these corporations are private entities. How should states and communities protect the individual rights of their citizens - or their national and local interests - while keeping pace with globalized digital companies? This scholarly compendium examines regulatory solutions which encourage content diversity and protect fundamental rights. The volume compares European and US regulatory approaches, including closer focus on topics such as privacy, copyright, and freedom of expression. Further, we propose pedagogical models for educating students on possible regulatory regimes of the future. Our final chapter invites readers to consider social and digital media regulation for both this generation and the ones to come. Chapter(s) "Introduction: New Paradigms of Media Regulation in a Transatlantic Perspective", "From News Diversity to News Quality: New Media Regulation Theoretical Issues" and "The Stakes and Threats of the Convergence Between Media and Telecommunication Industries" are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

From colonial times to the present, an insightful examination of how courts have determined the extent to which religion is accommodated in American public life. From the internationally renowned Scopes "Monkey Trial" of 1925, which pitted a public school teacher arrested for teaching evolution against the state of Tennessee, Religion on Trial chronicles key court cases that have shaped the tumultuous relationship between church and state throughout U.S. history. This volume chronicles such groundbreaking cases as the 1991 decision ordering blood transfusions for children of Christian Scientists in Norwood Hospital v. Munoz and the infamous case, Engel v. Vitale, that banned prayer in schools and ignited calls for Chief Justice Earl Warren's impeachment. The work addresses such inflammatory contemporary disputes as prayer in schools, allegiance to the flag, and the display of religious symbols on public property, and the impact they have had on American society. A-Z entries cover people, laws, events, and concepts that have shaped the legal debate over religion in the United States A chronology begins in colonial times and extends through the present, with a special focus on important court cases of the 20th century

The book provides a detailed overview and analysis of important EU Internet regulatory challenges currently found in various key fields of law directly linked to the Internet such as information technology, consumer protection, personal data, e-commerce and copyright law. In addition, it aims to shed light on the content and importance of various pending legislative proposals in these fields, and of the Court of Justice of the European Union's recent case law in connection with solving the different problems encountered. The book focuses on challenging legal questions that have not been sufficiently analyzed, while also presenting original thinking in connection with the regulation of emerging legal questions. As such, it offers an excellent reference tool for researchers, policymakers, judges, practitioners and law students with a special interest in EU Internet law and regulation.

"This book is motivated, to a large extent, by some recent troubling developments in public discourse, namely the developments in information, misinformation and disinformation practices. From the beginning of history, various and diverse means or channels of communication have been used to inform, misinform (unintentionally) and disinform (deliberately). However, in recent decades, the emergence and development of new information and communications technologies (ICT), combined with the ever-increasing digitalisation and globalisation of almost every aspect of modern life, among others, have opened up new and uncharted avenues to that end. This book therefore focuses on disinformation practices occurring with the help of digital media as these practices bring to the fore profound negative ramifications for the functioning of a democratic polity. " - from the Introduction by the editors "It would be pleasant to think that democracies will always wake up to their threats - internal and external - and heal themselves in good time before it is too late. [...] Yet, it is not too late to find public policy solutions which can restore information technologies to their original role of facilitators of democracy rather than their undertakers. But the timeframe is closing and we need these solutions sooner rather than later. This is why the present volume of expert analyses bringing together many academics arrives at just the right time. It aspires to deepen our understanding of the dangers of fake news and disinformation, but also charts well informed and realistic ways ahead. To my mind, it is certainly one of the most comprehensive and useful studies of this topic to date and I recommend it to the general reader as much as to the policy-maker as a reliable guide and mentor." - from the Foreword by Prof. Dr. Jamie Shea, Vesalius College, Brussels

Three years ago, the first Liquid Legal book compelled the legal profession to reassess its identity and to aspire to become a strategic partner for corporate executives as well as for clients. It also led to the foundation of the Liquid Legal Institute (LLI) - an association that sparks innovation and drives collaboration in the legal industry. This second Liquid Legal book builds on the LLI's progress and on the lessons learned by a legal community that has moved beyond focusing purely on LegalTech. It not only presents an outlook on how legal professionals will operate in the future, but also allows readers to develop a genuine understanding of the value of digitalization, standardization and new methodologies. Further, the book outlines a Common Legal Platform (CLP) and makes it the common point of departure for every author, offering inspiring insights from a wide range of forward-thinking experts who are all invested in driving new thinking within the legal ecosystem. The book also features "Liquid Legal Waves," which provide links between the various articles, connecting concrete ideas, practical solutions and specific topics and putting them into perspective, and so creating a true network of ideas for readers. A must read, this book is vibrant proof of the power of sharing, collaboration and coopetition, helping the legal profession to shape its digital future and revitalize its relevance while retaining a focus on the human lawyer.

This research book is the first of its kind to conduct an interdisciplinary research on the recent and dramatic developments in China's music industries with a particular focus on business models, copyright protection, and artist compensation. The monograph explores and discusses proper business models through which revenue can be generated and maintained in a changing copyright climate and transforming business environment. It also discusses how musicians can be fairly compensated in the online platform economy informed by social entrepreneurship. This book is distinctive in the sense that it explores the intersection of cultural and creative industries, legal studies, business studies, and new media. It uses a qualitative and mixed-method approach to study business innovations and institutions in the making in the second largest economy which is also gaining cultural and political significance around the world.

Few subjects provoke as much controversy or debate as that of medical care, and the law that governs such an emotive area finds itself with the near-impossible task of simultaneously trying to regulate the medical profession and healthcare provision whilst upholding the rights of the millions of people who use those services every year. Medical Law combines an accessible explanation of the complex and challenging legal rules of medical care in England and Wales with a stimulating examination of the social, political and ethical arguments such care provokes. It examines a broad range of issues, from the structure and organisation of the NHS, through the rules of clinical negligence, as well as focussing on the legal and ethical concerns around such deeply contentious areas as surrogacy, organ donation, abortion and euthanasia. Written very much with newcomers to the area in mind, Leanne Bell lucidly outlines not just what the law is, but how it has developed over time and also provides insights as to how advances in medical technology and techniques may call for it to evolve in the future.

Algorithms are now widely employed to make decisions that have increasingly far-reaching impacts on individuals and society as a whole ("algorithmic governance"), which could potentially lead to manipulation, biases, censorship, social discrimination, violations of privacy, property rights, and more. This has sparked a global debate on how to regulate AI and robotics ("governance of algorithms"). This book discusses both of these key aspects: the impact of algorithms, and the possibilities for future regulation.

The Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC), established in South Africa after the collapse of apartheid, was the bold creation of a people committed to the task of rebuilding of a nation and establishing a society founded upon justice, equality and respect for the rule of law. As part of its historic, cathartic mission, the TRC held a special hearing, calling to account the lawyers -- judges, academics and members of the bar -- who had been crucial participants in the apartheid legal order. This book is an account of those hearings, and an attempt to evaluate, in the light of theories of adjudication, the historical role of the judiciary and bar in the apartheid years.

Written by a well-known commentator on the South African legal system who became, by chance, the first witness to give testimony at these hearings, this book reveals, often in the words of those who testified, how the judges failed in their duty to uphold the rule of law. For the most part, the lawyers of apartheid deserted its victims. The few notable exceptions both illustrate the potential for lawyers to have done more and laid the basis for the respect the rule of law still enjoys in South Africa despite apartheid.

Yet, as the author shows, many continue to commit a more serious 'crime'. Failing to confront the past, and in many cases refusing even to attend TRC hearings, the lawyers who could have helped to resist the worst excesses of apartheid remain accomplices to its evil deeds.

This book offers us the spectacle of an entire legal system on trial. The echoes from this process are captured here in a way which will appeal to all readers -- lawyers and non-lawyers alike -- interested in the relationshipbetween law and justice, as it is exposed during a period of transition to democracy.