This book is the 4th in a series of Acute Care books written with the aim to address the NEEDS of health care providers when handling the acutely ill patients. Globally it has become apparent that the study of pharmacology and subsequent clinical training has not always adequately equipped young doctors with the ability to administer drugs to their patients safely and confidently, particularly in the critically ill patient. Compounding this issue is the lack of resource material related to these pharmacological concepts contained in one book that can help health care providers to understand and manage drug therapy in the acute situation. In spite of progressively newer and more developed protocols, guidelines, algorithms and many other books addressing the technical aspects of what needs to be done, most health care providers still find it difficult to grasp the basic pharmacological knowledge and rationally deliver the CARE that is required in the acute phase of patient management. The editors/authors have therefore aimed for a book that highlights topics and pharmacological issues pertinent to management of patients in their hour of need. This is a multi-author book but the style has been guided by 3 editors. The editors have used a different perspective - that of normalizing abnormal physiological processes with pharmacological agents - to address the GAPS in a bedside to bench approach. The details are pared down but important principles/concepts are emphasized.

The main target of this book is to raise the awareness about social networking systems design, implementation, security requirements, and approaches. The book entails related issues including computing, engineering, security, management, and organization policy. It interprets the design, implementation and security threats in the social networks and offers some solutions in this concern. It clarifies the authentication concept between servers to identity users. Most of the models that focus on protecting users' information are also included. This book introduces the Human-Interactive Security Protocols (HISPs) efficiently. Presenting different types of the social networking systems including the internet and mobile devices is one of the main targets of this book. This book includes the social network performance evaluation metrics. It compares various models and approaches used in the design of the social networks. This book includes various applications for the use of the social networks in the healthcare, e-commerce, crisis management, and academic applications. The book provides an extensive background for the development of social network science and its challenges. This book discusses the social networks integration to offer online services, such as instant messaging, email, file sharing, transferring patients' medical reports/images, location-based recommendations and many other functions. This book provides users, designers, engineers and managers with the valuable knowledge to build a better secured information transfer over the social networks. The book gathers remarkable materials from an international experts' panel to guide the readers during the analysis, design, implementation and security achievement for the social network systems. In this book, theories, practical guidance, and challenges are included to inspire designers and researchers. The book guides the engineers, designers, and researchers to exploit the intrinsic design of the social network systems.

The care of children with acute medical problems is evolving as knowledge of new conditions develops. In addition, technology also changes to provide solutions to optimize care. This issue of PCNA highlights the important populations, disease states, and technological advancements in pediatric emergency medicine. Although concussion and head injury are common occurrences for the practicing pediatrician, we now better understand how to evaluate and manage these children and to use CT scans appropriately. Pediatric offices need to be incorporated in any emergency plan for both acute emergencies and common injuries. Analgesia and sedation must always be considered to provide comfort for children. Technologically assisted children and children with acute psychiatric and behavioral problems are now more commonplace in the Emergency Department as well as the office setting, and the practicing pediatrician needs to have a clear plan in understanding these medical conditions and appropriate management and referral. New drugs of abuse and foreign body ingestions are prevalent and have unique diagnostic and treatment challenges. Skin infections and abscesses have always been common but our knowledge of resistance patterns and best practices for treatment is changing. Finally, whether it is the pediatric office practitioner or the Emergency medicine physician, we need to continue our important efforts in injury prevention for the future of our children.

This issue is centered on emergency situations and complications brought about by high fevers. Guest edited by Emilie Calvello and Christian Theodosis, this issue focuses on topics such as: Approach to Dangerous Fever in the Emergency Department, Fever in the Returning Traveler, Drug Induced Hyperthermic Syndromes Part I: Hyperthermia in Overdose, Drug Induced Hyperthermic Syndromes Part II: Hyperthermia caused by drug interactions, withdrawal syndromes, and idiopathic mechanisms, Fever and Signs of Shock, Fever and Neurologic Abnormalities, Fever and Endocrine Derangements, and Fever in the Post Procedure Patient.

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This issue of Emergency Medicine Clinics guest edited by Drs. Alisa Gibson and Kip Benko focuses on Head, Eyes, Ears, Nose, and Throat emergencies. It features article topics such as: Inflammatory/infectious ophthomology, Eye trauma and other catastrophes, Facial fractures, Mandible fractures and dental trauma, Facial wound management, Ear, Sore throat, Oral lesions, and Salivary gland pathology.

This issue focuses on Pediatric Emergency Medicine in the topic areas of: Seizure, Pain and Sedation, Trauma, Cardiac Emergencies, Shock, Asthma, Infant Fever, Head Injuries and Concussions, and more

Injury is recognized as a major public health issue worldwide. In most countries, injury is the leading cause of death and disability for children and young adults age 1 to 39 years. Each year in the United States, injury claims about 170,000 lives and results in over 30 million emergency room visits and 2.5 million hospitalizations. Injury is medically defined as organ/tissue damages inflicted upon oneself or by an external agent either accidentally or deliberately. Injury encompasses the undesirable consequences of a wide array of events, such as motor vehicle crashes, poisoning, burns, falls, and drowning, medical error, adverse effects of drugs, suicide and homicide. The past two decades have witnessed a remarkable growth in injury research, both in scope and in depth. To address the tremendous health burden of injury morbidity and mortality at the global level, the World Health Organization in 2000 created the Department of Injury and Violence Prevention, which has produced several influential reports on violence, traffic injury, and childhood injury. The biennial World Conference on Injury Control and Safety Promotion attracts a large international audience and has been successfully convened nine times in different countries. In the United States, the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control became an independent program of the federal Centers for Disease Prevention and Control in 1997. Since then, each state health department has created an office in charge of injury prevention activities and over a dozen universities have established injury control research centers. This volume will fill an important gap in the scientific literature by providing a comprehensive and up-to-date reference resource to researchers, practitioners, and students working on different aspects of the injury problem and in different practice settings and academic fields.

This issue focuses on Critical Skills and Procedures in the following topic areas: Pediatric, Orthopedics, Vascular, ENT Procudures, Cardiovascular, Airway, Trauma, Ultrasound, OB/GYN, and Urologic.

This issue of Emergency Medicine Clinics guest edited by Drs. Kathleen Wittels and Sara Sommerkamp focuses on OB/GYN emergencies. It features article topics such as: Emergencies in early pregnancy, Hypertension in pregnancy, Complications in late pregnancy, Trauma in pregnancy, Cardiovascular disasters in pregnancy, Precipitous and difficult deliveries, Ultrasound in pregnancy, and Gynecologic infections.

Topics include: Pediatric Stroke; Stroke Mimics; Intracranial Hemorrhage; Transient Ischemic Attack; Intensive Care Management of Acute Ischemic Stroke; Endovascular and Neurosurgical Management of Acute Ischemic Stroke; Intravenous Thrombolysis in Acute Ischemic Stroke; Vertigo, Vertebrobasilar Disease and Posterior Circulation Ischemic Stroke; and Neuroimaging in Acute Stroke.

Topics in this issue include: Cardiac Arrest as a Public Health Concern; Prehospital Cardiac Arrest; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Cardioactive Medications in Cardiac Arrest; Airway Management in Cardiac Arrest; Rapid Response Teams; and? Pediatric Cardiac Arrest.

Topics in this issue?include: Thoracic Dissection; Thoracic Trauma; Asthma; COPD; P.E.; Influenza; Pneumonia; Pleural Based Disease; and Mechanical Ventilation.

This issue of Emergency Medicine Clinics, guest edited by Drs. Angela Mills and Anthony Dean, will include articles on the following topics: Approach to acute abdominal pain;Evaluation of abdominal pain in older adults; Evaluation of abdominal pain in the pediatric population; Imaging and laboratory testing in acute abdominal pain;Esophageal and gastric emergencies; and Anorectal emergencies and foreign bodies in the gastrointestinal tract.

Diagnostic Imaging for the Emergency Physician, written and edited by a practicing emergency physician for emergency physicians, takes a step-by-step approach to the selection and interpretation of commonly ordered diagnostic imaging tests. Dr. Joshua Broder presents validated clinical decision rules, describes time-efficient approaches for the emergency physician to identify critical radiographic findings that impact clinical management and discusses hot topics such as radiation risks, oral and IV contrast in abdominal CT, MRI versus CT for occult hip injury, and more. Diagnostic Imaging for the Emergency Physician was awarded a 2011 PROSE Award for Excellence for the best new publication in Clinical Medicine. Access the fully searchable text online at Expert Consult, along with downloadable images suitable for use in educational presentations. Choose the best test for each indication through clear explanations of the "how" and "why" behind emergency imaging. Interpret head, spine, chest, and abdominal CT images using a detailed and efficient approach to time-sensitive emergency findings. Stay on top of current developments in the field, including evidence-based analysis of tough controversies - such as indications for oral and IV contrast in abdominal CT and MRI versus CT for occult hip injury; high-risk pathology that can be missed by routine diagnostic imaging - including subarachnoid hemorrhage, bowel injury, mesenteric ischemia, and scaphoid fractures; radiation risks of diagnostic imaging - with practical summaries balancing the need for emergency diagnosis against long-terms risks; and more. Optimize diagnosis through evidence-based guidelines that assist you in discussions with radiologists, coverage of the limits of "negative" or "normal" imaging studies for safe discharge, indications for contrast, and validated clinical decision rules that allow reduced use of diagnostic imaging. Clearly recognize findings and anatomy on radiographs for all major diagnostic modalities used in emergency medicine from more than 1000 images. Find information quickly and easily with streamlined content specific to emergency medicine written and edited by an emergency physician and organized by body system. The "must-have" resource for emergency physicians to make critical diagnostic imaging decisions.

This issue includes every subject relevant to neuroradiology that one may expect to encounter in a general emergency radiology practice. The most important concepts in emergent brain, spine, head & neck imaging, as well as pediatric nonaccidental trauma are reviewed, and the issue provides an excellent starting point for learning the fundamentals of emergency neuroradiology and can serve as a reference for those wishing to reinforce their current knowledge base.

This issue of Emergency Medicine Clinics, devoted to?Seizures, will focus on topics such as: Seizure in the Emergency Department: Epidemiology and Cost to Society; Seizure and Status Epilepticus: Pathophysiology and Definitions; The Diagnosis and Management of Seizures and Status Epilepticus in the Pre-hospital Setting; The Emergency Department Evaluation of the Patients Who Present with a First Time Seizure; Generalized Convulsive Status Epilepticus: Treatment Guidelines and Protocols; Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus; Antiepileptic Drugs: The Old and the New; Seizures in Pregnancy/Eclampsia and Psychogenic Seizures.

For nearly 40 years, Medicine for the Outdoors: The Essential Guide to First Aid and Medical Emergencies has been the take-along manual of choice for anyone venturing into the mountains, forest, desert, or on water. This essential guide provides highly illustrated, easy-to-follow guidance on immediate stabilization and treatment of persons with virtually any possible medical problem-designed for on-the-spot use when higher-level medical care is not accessible. Written by experts in outdoor medicine, this updated edition helps you manage any situation until medical personnel can take over. Covers key information on a wide range of disorders related to specific environments, including natural disasters, high-altitude problems, water-related incidents, heat- and cold-related illnesses, and wildland fires. Provides easy-to-understand recommendations for dealing with animal attacks, venomous wildlife, wild plant and mushroom poisoning, minor and major medical problems, infectious diseases, water disinfection, and severe bleeding. Discusses key topics, including antibiotics, medicines, opioid overdose treatment, wound closure techniques, severe bleeding, spinal assessment and immobilization, tourniquets, the use of a Gamow bag for severe altitude illness, splinting, dental emergencies, disaster preparedness, global conflict guidelines, canine medicine, today's infectious disease threats, and much more. Includes up-to-date guidelines, even more helpful illustrations and diagrams, and a new chapter: Patient Assessment: A Structured Approach to Emergencies in the Outdoors. Includes advanced topics valuable to physicians and expedition medical staff at all levels of training and experience. Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.

This issue, Guest Edited by Dr. Michael Bond, focuses on Orthopaedic injuries and emergencies with topics such as: Management and Treatment of Neck and Cervical Injuries; Management and Treatment of Shoulder/Humerus/ Clavicle Injuries; Management and Treatment of Elbow and Forearm Injuries; Management and Treatment of Pelvic and Hip Injuries; Approach and Management of Pediatric Injuries; Risk Management and Avoiding Legal Pitfalls in the Emergency Treatment of Orthopaedic Injuries.

Drs. Mercedes Torres and Rachel Chin guest edit this issue on HIV in the Emergency Department. Topics include: Emergent Dermatologic Issues in HIV Patients; HEENT Emergencies in HIV-Infected Patients; Diarrhea in HIV-Infected Patients; Emergent Hematologic and Oncologic Problems in HIV-Infected Patients; Acute HIV and Immune Reconstitution Syndrome; Orthopedic Problems in HIV-Infected Patients; and Pulmonary: HIV-Associated Respiratory Emergency.