Mining is a capital-intensive industry, and involves long lead times to develop projects that demand a structured approach, from mine exploration to exit. This book provides mine developers, investors, owners, shareholders, and mineral policymakers a comprehensive game plan to raise capital for the development of new mining projects or to bolster operational mines. The author, an experienced mining capital consultant, shows how mine developers and mine owners can secure capital in any phase of the commodity price cycle, at any site, and at any project stage. The book follows a proven and structured approach that enables mine developers and owners to successfully raise capital for their projects. With the aid of case studies and practical methods, the reader will learn the essentials on topics ranging from developing and marketing a business case for investment, to the types and sources of mining capital for different project stages, as well as the structure and significance of due diligence. The author presents actual mining projects and their funding plans, transaction structures and term sheets for capital. The mining projects discussed represent various project stages, commodities, and parts of the globe, offering a comprehensive reference guide for mine developers, investors and promoters alike.

'Hurray for Mackenzie and Guilford for at last we have a pictorial guide to the rock-forming minerals! . . . such feasts of colour in mineralogy books are rare . . . an admirable guide' New Scientist

The first edition of this book was published in 1965 and its French translation in 1966. The revised second edition followed in 1967 and its Russian translation became available in 1969. Since then, many new petrographic observations and experimental data elucidat- ing reactions in metamorphic rocks have made a new approach in the study of metamorphic transformation desirable and possible. It is felt that this new approach, attempted in this book, leads to a better unders- tanding of rock metamorphism. The concept of metamorphic facies and subfacies considers asso- ciations of mineral assemblages from diverse bulk compositions as characteristic of a certain pressure-temperature range. As new petrographic observations accumulated, it became increasingly difficult to accommodate this information within a manageable framework of metamorphic facies and subfacies. Instead, it turned out that mineral assemblages due to reactions in common rocks of a particular composi- tion provide suitable indicators of metamorphic conditions. Metamorphic zones, defined on the basis of mineral reactions, very effectively display the evolution of metamorphic rocks. Thus the im- portance of reactions in metamorphic rocks is emphasized. Experimen- tal calibration of mineral reactions makes it possible to distinguish reac- tions which are of petrogenetic significance from those which are not. This distinction provides guidance in petrographic investigations un- dertaken with the object of deducing the physical conditions of metamorphism.

Das Motiv fur die Veranstaltung dieses Symposiums uber die Beziehungen zwischen metallogenetischen und geochemischen Provinzen war ein egoistisches Informationsbedurfnis des Organisators. Als ich 1967 an dem Manuskript uber Erzprovinzen und Kontinentaldrift arbeitete, ergab sich die Frage, ob die Metalle der Lagerstatten in den wandernden Kontinentalschollen beheimatet sind oder ob sie aus dem wechselnden Substratum des oberen Mantels und der daraus ge- speisten ozeanischen Kruste stammen. Es galt also, das Material zu uberprufen, das die Beziehungen der Erzlagerstatten zur Geochemie ihrer kontinentalen Um- gebung oder zur Geochemie des Ozeanbodens zeigt. Dies kann zugleich auch Bei- trage ergeben zu dem Problem der modernen Iateralsekretionaren Lagerstatten- bildung. Die wirkungsvollste Art, sich bei der heutigen grossen Menge von Literatur uber ein komplexes Thema zu informieren, ist, kompetente Leute zusammenzu- bitten, damit sie daruber vortragen und diskutieren. Ich darf sagen, dass meinem Bedurfnis voll Genuge geleistet wurde und ich habe dafur all den lieben Kolle- gen, die zum Teil von sehr weit nach Leoben gekommen sind, herzlichen Dank zu sagen. Alle Vortrage behandeln, ja man kann fast sagen, klaren in ihrer Gesamt- heit das aufgeworfene Problem. Ich mochte aber doch glauben und hoffen, dass nicht nur der Veranstalter, son- dern auch die Teilnehmer von den Vortragen und Diskussionen Nutzen hatten. Ein intensiver Gedankenaustausch war moglich, da die Teilnehmerzahl mit Ab- sicht klein gehalten und auf spezielle Sad1kenner beschrankt war und da das Programm im Gegensatz zu vielen Kongressen weite Lucken fur Diskussionen liess.

The new edition of this popular textbook, once again, provides an indispensable guide for the next generation of mineralogists. Designed for use on one- or two-semester courses, this second edition has been thoughtfully reorganised, making it more accessible to students, whilst still being suitable for an advanced mineralogy course. Additions include expanded introductions to many chapters, a new introductory chapter on crystal chemistry, revised figures, and an extended plates section containing beautiful colour photographs. Text boxes include historical background and case studies to engage students, and end-of-chapter questions help them reinforce concepts. With new online resources to support learning and teaching, including laboratory exercises, PowerPoint slides, useful web links and mineral identification tables, this is a sound investment for students in the fields of geology, materials science and environmental science, and a valuable reference for researchers, collectors and anyone interested in minerals.

This student-oriented text is written in a casual, jargon-free style to present a modern introduction to mineralogy. It emphasizes real-world applications and the history and human side of mineralogy. This book approaches the subject by explaining the larger, understandable topics first, and then explaining why the "little things" are important for understanding the larger picture.

A fascinating exploration of exquisite images captured from natural materials, and of their applications in fashion, environmental design, and apps that anticipate a new era of digitally-driven individual creativity. Data From Nature begins with the chance encounter between an ammonite and a digital scanner and goes on to relate the author's growing immersion in the micro-scale beauty of minerals and--thanks to new digital means of production--their applications in wide areas of design. These include an award-winning range of silk scarves for Liberty of London (also sold in Saks Fifth Avenue); "frocks from rocks"; a striking architectural facade in London, and the transformation of his own house and garden using the latest digital techniques. Along the way we learn about how minerals form in the Earth; ways they have been admired and imagined from ancient civilizations to the dawn of Modernity; and discover how the inlaid surfaces of Renaissance cabinets of curiosity could inspire creative coloring and design apps intended to equip children and adults alike to participate creatively in the Digital Revolution. And as if all this weren't enough, the book ends as improbably as it started with a short biography of a "lost" (for which read "fictional") seventeenth-century artist, Carlo Alcite, whose "works" reveal powers of invention and draftsmanship worthy of a baroque master.

Building upon the award-winning second edition, this comprehensive textbook provides a fundamental understanding of the formative processes of igneous and metamorphic rocks. Encouraging a deeper comprehension of the subject by explaining the petrologic principles, and assuming knowledge of only introductory college-level courses in physics, chemistry, and calculus, it lucidly outlines mathematical derivations fully and at an elementary level, making this the ideal resource for intermediate and advanced courses in igneous and metamorphic petrology. With over 500 illustrations, many in color, this revised edition contains valuable new material and strengthened pedagogy, including boxed mathematical derivations allowing for a more accessible explanation of concepts, and more qualitative end-of-chapter questions to encourage discussion. With a new introductory chapter outlining the "bigger picture," this fully updated resource will guide students to an even greater mastery of petrology.

Wasser". Dieser MeBfiihler wird nun irgendwo in der Natur installiert, der Beob- achter befindet sich weit entfemt, vor einem Bildschirm sitzend, auf den die MeB- signale iibertragen werden. Es solI festgestellt werden, ob es regnet oder nicht. 1st nun das MeBintervall zu groB eingesteIlt, etwa alle 12 Stunden ein Signal, so kann der Beobachter bei der Information, Nicht-Wasser" keine Aussage dariiber treffen, ob es regnet oder nicht. Da Regen fUr einen konkreten Raurn betrachtet ein Wechsel von "Wasser" und, Nicht-Wasser", eben die diskreten Regentropfen, darsteIlt, ist die Information, Nicht-Wasser" ebenso fiir Regen wie fUr schOnes Wetter richtig, bei Regen eben nur weniger oft. Nach dieser Erfahrung wird das MeBintervaIl nun verkleinert, alle paar Sekun- den erhiUt nun der Beobachter eine Information iiber "Wasser" und, Nicht- Wasser". Und jeden Abend urn halb Sieben bis Sieben Uhr regnet es, zurnindest meldet der Fiihler abwechselnd "Wasser" und, Nicht-Wasser". Des Ratsels Lo- sung: Jeden Abend wird der Garten gesprengt, in dem sich der MeBfiihler befindet. Der Raurn, der vom MeBfiihler erfaBt wird, ist zu klein, urn eindeutig zwischen natiirlichem Regen und anderen sporadischen Wassertropfenereignissen unter- scheiden zu konnen. Fiir einen an den Bildschirm verbannten Beobachter ist die Feststellung, ob es regnet, nur gegeben, wenn mehrere MeBfiihler iiber einen hin- reichend groBen Raum verteilt in entsprechend kurzen Intervallen eine Information dariiber liefem, ob sie gerade vom Wasser oder von Luft umgeben sind. MeBraurn und MeBzeit bestimmen also die durch die Messungen gewonnene Aussage.

This book is the first systematic treatise of available data and view-points obtained from geological and geochemical studies of the Mo deposits in Qinling Orogen, China. Qinling Orogen has a minimum reserve of 8.7 Mt Mo, ranking the largest molybdenum province both in China and the world. Incorporating all known Mo deposit types in the world, it presents extensive studies of Mo deposits of world-class and unusual types within tectonic settings. The Qinling Orogen was finally formed during continental collision between Yangtze and North China cratons, following the Triassic closure of the northernmost paleo-Tethys. It hosts 49 Mo deposits formed in seven mineralization events since 1850 Ma, with all the world-class deposits being formed during 160-105 Ma, coeval with collisional orogeny. These deposits are assigned to magmatic and metamorphic hydrothermal classes. The magmatic hydrothermal class includes porphyries, skarns, and intrusion-related veins (carbonatite, fluorite and quartz). The porphyry Mo systems in Qinling Orogen are predominated by Dabie-type formed in continental collision setting, followed by Endako- and Climax-types formed in continental arcs and rifts, respectively. The metamorphic hydrothermal Mo deposits are only reported in Qinling Orogen, and thus a new crustal continuum model for the orogenic class mineral systems is proposed. A scientific linkage between ore geology and fluid inclusions is introduced and verified both by theory and case studies. This is the first research book comprehensively displaying continental collision metallogeny. This literature will benefit both Western and Chinese mineral explorers and miners, as well as research scientists and students.

Granites are emblematic rocks developed from a magma that crystallized in the Earth's crust. They ultimately outcrop at the surface of every continent. This book - translated, edited, and updated from the original French edition Petrologie des Granites published by Vuibert in 2011 - gives a modern presentation of granitic rocks, or granites, from magma genesis to their emplacement into the crust and their crystallization. Mineralogical, petrological, physical, and economical aspects are developed in a succession of 14 chapters. Special 'info boxes' discuss topics for those wishing to deepen their knowledge of the subject. Also included is a glossary, a comprehensive bibliography, as well as descriptions of modern techniques. Granites are considered in their geological spatial and temporal frame, in relation with Plate Tectonics and Earth History, and assisted by a large number of high quality illustrations.

This text is a compilation of practical information on the analysis of mineral type materials and products by the fused, cast bead method. It discusses the necessary equipment and its use; the processes involved in loss of ignition and decomposition by fusion and their chemistry. The book is also concerned with spectrometric parameters and the analytical procedures for a wide range of materials which, together with tables in the appendices, aim to allow easy reference to the parameters to be adopted to follow a defined procedure for most types of sample. The overall aim of the work is to help towards standardizing procedures, equipment and software, which should help to reduce costs and make for a better inter-laboratory comparison of results.

This is the seventh edition of a book which has been for years the 'bible' of professional and amateur gemmologists, as well as retail jewellers. Originally written by Robert Webster, an expert who dedicated most of his life to the subject and who worked in the London Gem Testing Laboratory for twenty-five years, this edition has been completely revised and updated by E. Alan Jobbins, Keeper of Minerals and Gemstones at the Geological Museum in London for thirty-five years. The first part of the book is a comprehensive glossary on all aspects of gemstones and the terms associated with them. The second part includes sections on manufactured gems, the enhancement of gem materials and on the precautions necessary for avoiding damage to gemstones and jewellery during manufacturing, repairs and cleaning. There are comprehensive sets of tables of the physical constraints needed for gem testing, of the sources of gem materials and the cuts used to demonstrate their beauty. Fifteen pages of colour photographs will assist in the identification of inclusions and there are many useful conversion tables. Acknowledged as one of the most useful reference books available, this should be the vade mecum of all gemmologists.