This atlas presents anatomical descriptions of the xylem, bark and pith of 264 species belonging to71 families. It highlights the anatomical diversity of trees, shrubs, dwarf shrubs, woody lianas and several of the prominent perennial herbs from the Eastern Mediterranean region, with a focus on the island of Cyprus. The island s topography and biogeographic history combine to provide a wide range of habitats and diverse flora including widespread, endemic, and ornamental species.

The monograph for each species includes a description of the anatomical structures of the stem and twig xylem and the twig s bark and pith, as well as color micrographs of double-stained sections of each of these plant parts. These entries are accompanied by a photograph and a brief description of the plant including stem wood density, height, habit, flower, leaf and fruit characteristics, and a map showing its geographic and altitudinal distribution in the region. Xylem descriptions follow the IAWA lists of microscopic features for hardwood and softwood identification. For bark and pith descriptions, a new coding system developed by the authors is applied. Lastly, the work offers a key for wood identification that was developed to differentiate between groups of species by using a small number of features that are unambiguous and clearly visible. The atlas will be a valuable guide for botanists, ecologists, foresters, archeologists, horticulturists and paleobotanists.

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This new Handbook provides a series of reference guides to cleaner production methods, technologies, and practices for key industry sectors.

Each volume covers, for each industry sector: * the manufacturing technologies * waste management * pollution * methods for estimating and reporting emissions * treatment and control technologies * worker and community health risk exposures * cost data for pollution management * cleaner production and prevention alternatives Best Practices in the Wood and Paper Industries provides an overview of the forestry, wood preserving, pulp and paper industries and identifies the key environmental aspects, supported by case studies of major incidents. It provides general explanations of the major unit operations and processes in pulp and paper mills and wood treating plants, covering new trends alongside traditional methods. The environmental issues regarding air, water and solid waste are all addressed, identifying all US plants and their TRI data, and the authors provide calculation methods for properly accounting for air emissions and P2 practices to reduce them.
Provides guidelines on cleaner production and pollution prevention practices for improving overall environmental performanceDiscusses emerging technologies and processes for cleaner airContains an Inventory of Chemical Toxicity Properties

Oxbow says: Henry's Mill was just one of thousands of sawmills established in Victoria (Australia) from the 1850s to the Second World War. Rather than focusing on industrial and technological aspects of the mill, Peter Davies presents a social and material history of the lives of the men, women and children living and working at the mill. Based on archaeological and historical evidence, including documentary and oral sources, he asks who the people were that moved to the mill to seek work, where they had come from and their motives for re-locating. He goes on to study their living and working conditions, hygiene, illness and injury, the supply of goods and, and markets for the timber, as well as issues of community development, isolation, integration and consumption practices within the community of Henry's Mill.

This comprehensive book describes cork as a natural product, as an industrial raw-materials, and as a wine bottle closure. From its formation in the outer bark of the cork oak tree to the properties that are of relevance to its use, cork is presented and explained including its physical and mechanical properties.
The industrial processing of cork from post-harvest procedures to the production of cork agglomerates and composites is described.
Intended as a reference book, this is the ideal compilation of scientific knowledge on state-of-the-art cork production and use
Key Features:
*Presents comprehensive coverage from cork formation to post-harvest procedures
*Explains the physical properties, mechanical properties and quality of cork
*Addresses topics of interest for those in food science, agriculture and forestry

Assuming you don't want your cabinets, ready-to-assemble (RTA) furniture or other products made from plywood to smell like dirty diapers, a quick look at the Complete Guide to Hardwood Plywood and Face Veneer by Ang Schramm is in order. According to Schramm, South American Lapuna Sumauma wood has a high starch content that is susceptible to attack by anaerobic bacteria while sitting on the bottoms of holding ponds at the veneer plant. The byproducts, butyric acid and caproic acid, exude an odor that may not always be noticeable in properly dried wood in dry conditions but becomes offensive when humidity increases. As can be expected, veneer from this species is in low demand and therefore cheap, and manufacturers buying on price point alone can find themselves in possession of a product whose odor is, at this time, irreversible and without remedy. Not all of the content in this book is so esoteric. The book's 157 pages are organized into sections covering variations in appearance, the veneer manufacturing process, types of veneer matching, grades and product standard, substrates, the hardwood plywood manufacturing process, meeting customer expectations, and troubleshooting common problems. Liberally sprinkled with black-and-white photographs and diagrams, the book gives excellent detail on describing, the processes of plywood and veneer manufacturing so the reader can better understand the advantages and limitations of the product and the various processes. For instance, the chapter on troubleshooting provides a diagram showing why one side of veneer (tight side) is more heat-reflective and impervious to finish than is the other (loose) side, which is more light-refractive and absorbent. By understanding the relative differences between the sides and why those differences exist, it is then possible to present an explanation why starch book-matching veneers has the problem of adjacent sheets of veneer having different light-reflecting/refracting and finish absorbing characteristics. The manual can then proceed to explain different techniques to overcome the variation and present a more uniform appearance (in this case, glue-sizing or wash coating) and to recommend specific products to help achieve the desired result.

This authoritative and hugely popular reference book contains almost 300 colour illustrations showing the natural grain and colour of wood, along with data that includes distribution, properties and uses of more than 300 timbers from world-wide sources.

A practical, proven approach to failure analysis of wood and wood-based products using a full range of forensic analysis methods In "Failure Analysis of Wood and Wood-Based Products" an expert in the areas of failure analysis, coatings, and wood preservatives presents innovative ways to analyze obvious wood failure and answer the important question of what went wrong--and who has to pay. The book provides an in-depth look at the various common causes of damage to wood and wood-based materials, including surface and coating damage by chemical influences, damage linked to design and conditions of use, and material characteristics. Analytical methods that can in many cases be carried out locally are presented. Offers a full range of forensic analysis methods, including wood moisture measurement, light microscopy, physical and chemical processes, frottage, imprints, lighting, and staining Many of the described techniques are easy to perform and do not require bringing in outside experts. The methods are designed to clearly convey findings to persons of any background and level of understanding

In 2009, there were 13 primary wood-processing mills in North Dakota, 4 more mills than in 2003, and there were 23 active primary wood-processing mills in South Dakota, 2 fewer mills than in 2004. This book focuses on the timber industry in Dakotas and provides an assessment of timber product output and use in 2009.

This handbook provides essential information on toxicology, risk assessment, analysis, monitoring, human and ecological effects, treatment alternatives, ecosystem health, compliance, and much more.