This book investigates the control and optimization of grid-tied power converters, with a special attention attached to pulse width modulation, which determines the size and cost of power converters as well as switching harmonics. Through the methods introduced in this book, multiple grid-tied power converters safely operate and coordinate in a highly efficient and reliable fashion, thereby boosting the operation of modern power grids. To facilitate understanding, the key methods are presented together with their associated algorithms and detailed software codes. In parallel to theoretical treatments, this book further applies the methods into practical scenarios and industrial products, thus enhancing their credibility. The book serves as a guidance for electrical engineers and researchers in the field of power electronics and power systems.

Organic light-emitting diode(OLED) technology has achieved significant penetration in the commercial market for small, low-voltage and inexpensive displays. Present and future novel technologies based on OLEDs involve rigid and flexible flat panel displays, solid-state lighting, and lasers. Display applications may range from hand-held devices to large flat panel screens that can be rolled up or hung flat on a wall or a ceiling. Organic Electroluminescence gives an overview of the on-going research in the field of organic light-emitting materials and devices, covering the principles of electroluminescence in organic thin films, as well as recent trends, current applications, and future potential uses. The book begins by giving a background of organic electroluminescence in terms of history and basic principles. It offers details on the mechanism(s) of electroluminescence in thin organic films. It presentsin-depth discussions of the parameters that control the external electroluminescence quantum efficiency including the photoluminescence quantum yield, the light-output coupling factor, carrier/charge injection and transport, and electron and hole recombination processes in organic semiconductors. The authors address the design and the characterization of amorphous charge transport materials with high glass transition temperatures, light-emitting small molecules and conjugated polymers. The book covers state-of-the-art concepts and technologies such as fluorescent and phosphorescent OLEDs, various approaches for patterning organics, and active matrix organic emissive displays including their back panel thin film transistors and pixel electronics. It concludes by summarizing future directions for OLEDs in organic light-emitting displays, large area distributed solid state light sources, and lasers using organic thin films, nanostructures, and photonic crystals. Organic Electroluminescence is an excellent resource and reference for stu

From basic architecture, interconnection, and parallelization to power optimization, this book provides a comprehensive description of emerging multicore systems-on-chip (MCSoCs) hardware and software design. Highlighting both fundamentals and advanced software and hardware design, it can serve as a primary textbook for advanced courses in MCSoCs design and embedded systems. The first three chapters introduce MCSoCs architectures, present design challenges and conventional design methods, and describe in detail the main building blocks of MCSoCs. Chapters 4, 5, and 6 discuss fundamental and advanced on-chip interconnection network technologies for multi and many core SoCs, enabling readers to understand the microarchitectures for on-chip routers and network interfaces that are essential in the context of latency, area, and power constraints. With the rise of multicore and many-core systems, concurrency is becoming a major issue in the daily life of a programmer. Thus, compiler and software development tools are critical in helping programmers create high-performance software. Programmers should make sure that their parallelized program codes will not cause race condition, memory-access deadlocks, or other faults that may crash their entire systems. As such, Chapter 7 describes a novel parallelizing compiler design for high-performance computing. Chapter 8 provides a detailed investigation of power reduction techniques for MCSoCs at component and network levels. It discusses energy conservation in general hardware design, and also in embedded multicore system components, such as CPUs, disks, displays and memories. Lastly, Chapter 9 presents a real embedded MCSoCs system design targeted for health monitoring in the elderly.

This book introduces readers to electric circuits with variable loads and voltage regulators. It defines invariant relationships for numerous parameters, and proves the concepts characterizing these circuits. Moreover, the book presents the fundamentals of electric circuits and develops circuit theorems, while also familiarizing readers with generalized equivalent circuits and using projective geometry to interpret changes in operating regime parameters. It provides useful expressions for normalized regime parameters and changes in them, as well as convenient formulas for calculating currents. This updated and extended third edition features new chapters on the use of invariant properties in two-port circuits, invariant energy characteristics for limited single-valued two-port circuits, and on testing projective coordinates. Given its novel geometrical approach to real electrical circuits, the book offers a valuable guide for engineers, researchers, and graduate students who are interested in basic electric circuit theory and the regulation and monitoring of power supply systems.

This book is intended for a first course on microprocessor-based systems design for engineering and computer science students. It starts with an introduction of the fundamental concepts, followed by a practical path that guides readers to developing a basic microprocessor example, using a step-by-step problem-solving approach. Then, a second microprocessor is presented, and readers are guided to the implementation and programming of microcomputer systems based on it. The numerous worked examples and solved exercises allow a better understanding and a more effective learning. All the examples and exercises were developed on Deeds (Digital Electronics Education and Design Suite), which is freely available online on a website developed and maintained by the authors. The discussed examples can be simulated by using Deeds and the solutions to all exercises and examples can be found on that website. Further, in the last part of this book, different microprocessor-based systems, which have been specifically thought for educational purposes, are extensively developed, simulated and implemented on FPGA-based platforms. This textbook draws on the authors' extensive experience in teaching and developing learning materials for bachelor's and master's engineering courses. It can be used for self-study as well, and even independently from the simulator. Thanks to the learning-by-doing approach and the plentiful examples, no prior knowledge in computer programming is required.

This book provides a thorough overview of cutting-edge research on electronics applications relevant to industry, the environment, and society at large. It covers a broad spectrum of application domains, from automotive to space and from health to security, while devoting special attention to the use of embedded devices and sensors for imaging, communication and control. The book is based on the 2018 ApplePies Conference, held in Pisa, Italy in September 2018, which brought together researchers and stakeholders to consider the most significant current trends in the field of applied electronics and to debate visions for the future. Areas addressed by the conference included information communication technology; biotechnology and biomedical imaging; space; secure, clean and efficient energy; the environment; and smart, green and integrated transport. As electronics technology continues to develop apace, constantly meeting previously unthinkable targets, further attention needs to be directed toward the electronics applications and the development of systems that facilitate human activities. This book, written by industrial and academic professionals, represents a valuable contribution in this endeavor.

This book looks at the control of voltage source converter based high voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC). The objective is to understand the control structure of the VSC-HVDC system and establish the tuning criteria for the proportional-integral (PI) control of the converter controllers. Coverage includes modeling of the VSC-based HVDC transmission system using MATLAB and Simulink simulation package; implementation of control strategies for the VSC-based HVDC transmission system; and analysis of the developed system behavior under different conditions (normal and fault conditions). The book provides researchers, students, and engineers working in electrical power system transmission and power electronics and control in power transmission with a good understanding of the VSC-based HVDC transmission system concept and its behavior.

The book serves as a connecting medium between various domains and Blockchain technology, discussing and embracing how Blockchain technology is transforming all the major sectors of the society. The book facilitates sharing of information, case studies, theoretical and practical knowledge required for Blockchain transformations in various sectors. The book covers different areas that provide the foundational knowledge and comprehensive information about the transformations by Blockchain technology in the fields of business, healthcare, finance, education, supply-chain, sustainability and governance. The book pertains to students, academics, researchers, professionals, and policy makers working in the area of Blockchain technology and related fields.

Mathematical Models and Algorithms for Power System Optimization helps readers build a thorough understanding of new technologies and world-class practices developed by the State Grid Corporation of China, the organization responsible for the world's largest power distribution network. This reference covers three areas: power operation planning, electric grid investment and operational planning and power system control. It introduces economic dispatching, generator maintenance scheduling, power flow, optimal load flow, reactive power planning, load frequency control and transient stability, using mathematic models including optimization, dynamic, differential and difference equations.

This book gathers papers presented at the 11th international scientific conference "Transbaltica: Transportation Science and Technology", held on May 2-3, 2019 at Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Lithuania. It covers cutting-edge issues concerning research and development of modern transport systems. The chapters, written by an international group of experts, discuss novel and smart solutions in the area of vehicle engineering, including environmentally friendly technologies, topics relating to traffic safety, modeling and control, and solutions and challenges in modern logistics. Further topics include multimodal transport and vehicle automation. Providing comprehensive information and ideas concerning innovative transportation technologies and challenges, this book offers a valuable resource for transportation researchers and practitioners, including engineers, managers and decision-makers in the field.

This book gathers papers addressing state-of-the-art research in all areas of information and communication technologies and their applications in intelligent computing, cloud storage, data mining and software analysis. It presents the outcomes of the Fifth International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for Intelligent Systems (ICTIS 2021), held in Ahmedabad, India. The book is divided into two volumes. It discusses the fundamentals of various data analysis techniques and algorithms, making it a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners alike.

A circuit simulator is a computer program that permits us to see circuit behavior, i.e. circuit voltages and currents, without making the circuit. Use of a circuit simulator is a cheap, efficient, and safe way to study the behavior of circuits. The Toolkit for Interactive Network Analysis (TINA (R)) is a powerful yet affordable SPICE based circuit simulation and PCB design software package for analyzing, designing, and real time testing of analog, digital, VHDL, MCU, and mixed electronic circuits and their PCB layouts. This software was created by DesignSoft. TINA-TI is a spinoff software program that was designed by Texas Instruments (TI (R)) in cooperation with DesignSoft which incorporates a library of pre-made TI components to for the user to utilize in their designs. This book shows how a circuit can be analyzed in the TINA-TI (R) environment. Students of engineering (for instance, electrical, biomedical, mechatronics and robotics to name a few), engineers who work in industry and anyone who want to learn the art of circuit simulation with TINA-TI can benefit from this book.

Energy demand will increase by 70% by the year of 2030, and with the continual day-by-day depletion of traditional energy sources, there is a vast need to continue the development of dependable renewable energy sources that are locally available and that enhance energy generation efficiency. This important resource, Deregulated Electricity Market: A Smart Grid Perspective, presents the topical issues of the deregulated electricity market, focusing on the integration of renewable sources with engineering approaches. The volume identifies and explores the deregulated electricity market s and looks at different renewable generation techniques and their operation and control issues. It considers the various power quality issues with renewable energy generation interfaced with smart grids and their solution techniques. It also addresses the various integration challenges of the energy storage systems and energy management of electric vehicles in the smart grid environment. Topics include methods for frequency, angle, and voltage monitoring in smart grids; load frequency and voltage control pricing; grid integration of wind energy generation systems; tracking and management techniques; performance analysis; and more. This volume is an important resource for scientists, researchers, students, and academicians across the globe concerned with adopting and implementing novel research on smart power grids and renewable energy systems.

This book focuses on the design methodologies of various quantum circuits, DNA circuits, DNA-quantum circuits and quantum-DNA circuits. It considers the merits and challenges of multivalued logic circuits in quantum, DNA, quantum-DNA and DNA-quantum computing. Multiple-Valued Computing in Quantum Molecular Biology: Arithmetic and Combinational Circuits is Volume 1 of a two-volume set. From fundamentals to advanced levels, this book discusses different multiple-valued logic DNA-quantum and quantum-DNA circuits. The text consists of four parts. Part I introduces multiple-valued quantum computing and DNA computing. It contains the basic understanding of multiple-valued quantum computing, multiple-valued DNA computing, multiple-valued quantum-DNA computing and multiple-valued DNA-quantum computing. Part II examines heat calculation, speed calculation, heat transfer, data conversion and data management in multi-valued quantum, DNA, quantum-DNA and DNA-quantum computing. Part III discusses multiple-valued logic operations in quantum and DNA computing such as ternary AND, NAND, OR, NOR, XOR, XNOR and multiple-valued arithmetic operations such as adder, multiplier, divider and more. Quantum-DNA and DNA-quantum multiple-valued arithmetic operations are also explained in this section. Part IV explains multiple-valued quantum and DNA combinational circuits such as multiple-valued DNA-quantum and quantum-DNA multiplexer, demultiplexer, encoder and decoder. This book will be of great help to researchers and students in quantum computing, DNA computing, quantum-DNA computing and DNA-quantum computing researchers.

Discusses various design aspects of multiple-valued logic DNA-quantum and quantum-DNA sequential circuits, memory devices, programmable logic devices and nano-processors Presents how multiple-valued quantum, DNA, quantum-DNA and DNA-quantum nano processors are designed with algorithms Examines the architecture and design procedure of memory devices such as Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM) Reviews the designs and algorithms of Multiple-valued quantum, DNA, quantum-DNA and DNA-quantum nano processors.

This book discusses advanced technologies for applications in renewable energy and power systems. The topics covered include neural network applications in power electronics, deep learning applications in power systems, design and simulation of multilevel inverters, solid state transformers, neural network applications for fault detection in power electronics, etc. The book also discusses the important role of artificial intelligence in power systems, and machine learning for renewable energy. This book will be of interest to researchers, professionals, and technocrats looking at power systems, power distribution, and grid operations.

Solar Energy Engineering and Applications gives a general and concise presentation of solar energy from a practical engineering perspective. The book provides readers with a comprehensive, accessible, and intuitive introduction to proven methods and tools for the design, implementation, and monitoring of solar energy systems and associated auxiliary technologies without covering detailed in-depth physics. Coverage includes key aspects of solar energy such as photovoltaic solar cells and systems, battery technologies, solar concentrators, and hybrid photovoltaic/thermal systems. Application areas such as homes, buildings, solar farms, street lighting, vehicles, and dryers are discussed. The methods for connecting solar farms and other photovoltaic installations to power distribution systems are explored in the context of smart grid technologies that are available to facilitate such connections. The book will be a valuable professional reference for practicing engineers and researchers involved in the applications of solar energy.

This book collects a selection of papers presented at ELECTRIMACS 2019, the 13th international conference of the IMACS TC1 Committee, held in Salerno, Italy, on 21st-23rd May 2019. The conference papers deal with modelling, simulation, analysis, control, power management, design optimization, identification and diagnostics in electrical power engineering. The main application fields include electric machines and electromagnetic devices, power electronics, transportation systems, smart grids, electric and hybrid vehicles, renewable energy systems, energy storage, batteries, supercapacitors and fuel cells, and wireless power transfer. The contributions included in Volume 1 are particularly focused on electrical engineering simulation aspects and innovative applications.

This book presents selected papers from the 2021 International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ICEEE 2020), held on January 2-3, 2021. The book focuses on the current developments in various fields of electrical and electronics engineering, such as power generation, transmission and distribution; renewable energy sources and technologies; power electronics and applications; robotics; artificial intelligence and IoT; control, automation and instrumentation; electronics devices, circuits and systems; wireless and optical communication; RF and microwaves; VLSI; and signal processing. The book is a valuable resource for academics and industry professionals alike.

The proceedings collect the latest research trends, methods and experimental results in the field of electrical and information technologies for rail transportation. The topics cover novel traction drive technologies of rail transportation, safety technology of rail transportation system, rail transportation information technology, rail transportation operational management technology, rail transportation cutting-edge theory and technology etc. The proceedings can be a valuable reference work for researchers and graduate students working in rail transportation, electrical engineering and information technologies.

This book has been designed for helping students and other interested readers to solve first- and second order circuits problems in the time domain, and to use the Laplace transform. The theory is kept concise, yet all the necessary concepts are explained, and plentiful problems are solved in detail. A vast amount of figures is used for a more effective learning. All in all, this book will help undergraduate and graduate students to develop the necessary skills to solve a broad range of transient exercises. It offers a unique complementary text to classical electric circuit textbooks, for students and self-study, as well.

This book focuses on impedance source inverters, discussing their classification, advantages, topologies, analysis methods, working mechanisms, improvements, reliability, and applications. It summarizes methods for suppressing DC-link voltage spikes and duty loss, which can pose a problem for researchers; and presents novel, efficient, steady state and transient analysis methods that are of significant practical value, along with specific calculation examples. Further, the book addresses the reliability of impedance source inverters, adopting a methodology from reliability engineering to do so. Given its scope, it offers a valuable resource for researchers, engineers, and graduate students in fields involving impedance source inverters and new energy sources.

Sketching is a natural and intuitive communication tool used for expressing concepts and ideas that are difficult to communicate through text or speech alone. In design applications, drawings are used at various stages of the design process: from the early concept drawings scribbled on a piece of paper to immersive interactions in which users manipulate and adjust the 3D form of an object in virtual or augmented reality environments. This variety in drawing activities brings about the need for different interpretation strategies that support not only the sketching activity itself, but also allow sketch-based interactions, such as sketch-based queries, to take place. In this book, we explore the different drawing approaches used in design and the algorithms required for processing and interpreting the different sketches and drawings in design. The book is divided into two parts. The first part focuses on sketching in the 2D domain. This includes the digitization of offline and paper-based sketches, techniques for online sketch recognition, observations of user drawing habits, algorithms for inferring depth from 2D drawings, as well as non-photorealistic rendering techniques that are then applied to sketch-based queries. The second part of the book focuses on 3D sketching in virtual or augmented reality spaces. Here, we present the processing and rendering of the 3D strokes, the different interaction devices available for 3D sketching, and look at different applications where immersive 3D sketching has been applied with success.