This book presents the fundamentals of arc phenomena, various arc welding power sources, their control strategies, welding data acquisition, and welding optimization. In addition, it discusses a broad range of electrical concepts in welding, including power source characteristics, associated parameters, arc welding power source classification, control strategies, data acquisitions techniques, as well as optimization methods. It also offers advice on how to minimize the flaws and improve the efficacy and performance of welds, as well as insights into the mechanical behavior expressed in terms of electromagnetic phenomena, which is rarely addressed. The book provides a comprehensive review of interdisciplinary concepts, offering researchers a wide selection of strategies, parameters, and sequences of operations to choose from.

This book contains selected papers from International Symposium for Production Research 2022, held on October 6-9, 2022, Turkey. The book reports recent advances in production engineering and operations. It explores topics including: production research; production management; operations management; industry 4.0; industrial engineering; mechanical engineering; engineering management; and operational research. Presenting real-life applications, case studies, and mathematical models, this book is of interest to researchers, academics, and practitioners in the field of production and operation engineering. It provides both the results of recent research and practical solutions to real-world problems.

Since the first edition of this book was published in 1987, there have been several important changes in the state of numerical field computation, as discussed in the Introduction. These changes have motivated the publication of this second edition. As with the first edition, the objective of this second edition is to give the newcomer to field computation the information needed to perform practical field computations. Again, clarity of presentation is given greater emphasis than a high degree of sophistication or the state of the art. And again, the basic concepts of field computation are presented as well as the commonly used algorithms. Several persons have provided much valuable information for this second edition. I wish to thank Professor Giorgio Molinari of the University of Genoa, Italy for advice regarding adaptive mesh generation; Dr. C. R. E. Emson of Vector Fields, Ltd., England and Dr. John Brauer of McNeal-Schwendler Corp. for their advice on transient eddy current computation; and Dr. Zoltan Cendes of Ansoft Corp. for information about their adaptive mesh generator. Again, I would like to acknowledge the support for this second edition by my wife, Candace. Again, I could not have written this book without her support.

This book presents research related to smart devices and Internet of Things (IoT) that are intended to advance environmental sustainability. With sustainability as the focus, the topics covered include designing and controlling of smart systems, networking and machine learning, monitoring and controlling the environment, smart metering, authentication and authorization, and software and systems solution. The authors discuss how IoT can aid in sustainability through its implementation of systems interconnecting several objects, whether in the physical or in the virtual worlds. The chapters also present several applications including in smart homes, transportation, and healthcare. The book pertains to researchers, academics, and professionals.

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The book is presents the papers presented at the 4th International Conference on Telecommunications and Communication Engineering (ICTCE 2020) held on 4 -6 December, in Singapore. It covers advanced research topics in the field of computer communication and networking organized into the topics of emerging technologies of wireless communication and networks, 5G wireless communication and networks, information and network security, internet of things and fog computing. These advanced research topics are taking the lead and representing the trend of the recent academic research in the field of computer communication and networking. It is expected that the collection and publication of the research papers with the advanced topics listed in this book will further promote high standard academic research in the field and make a significant contribution to the development of economics and human society.

This book covers complete spectrum of the ICT infrastructure elements required to design, develop and deploy the ICT applications at large scale. Considering the focus of governments worldwide to develop smart cities with zero environmental footprint, the book is timely and enlightens the way forward to achieve the goal by addressing the technological aspects. In particular, the book provides an in depth discussion of the sensing infrastructure, communication protocols, computation frameworks, storage architectures, software frameworks, and data analytics. The book also presents the ICT application-related case studies in the domain of transportation, health care, energy, and disaster management, to name a few. The book is used as a reference for design, development, and large-scale deployment of ICT applications by practitioners, professionals, government officials, and engineering students.

This book details an approach for realization of the field decomposition concept. The book presents the methods as well as techniques and procedures for establishing electric machine circuit-loops and determining their parameters. The methods developed have been realized using the models of machines with laminated and solid rotor having classical structure. The use of such models are well recognized and simplifies practical implementation of the obtained results.

Intelligent Knowledge Based Systems in Electrical Power Engineering details how intelligent applications can be used in the power industry. The book gives a general and historical overview of intelligent knowledge based systems (IKBS) and artificial intelligence (AI) and a broad analysis of the application of these techniques in the electrical power industry. It includes chapters on forecasting and planning in power systems, design of electrical plant and systems, IKBS in condition monitoring, alarm processing, event and fault diagnosis and an analysis of future trends in IKBS for power engineering. No previous knowledge of IKBS is assumed, but an appreciation of electrical transmission and distribution systems would be useful.

This book provides a comprehensive coverage of hardware security concepts, derived from the unique characteristics of emerging logic and memory devices and related architectures. The primary focus is on mapping device-specific properties, such as multi-functionality, runtime polymorphism, intrinsic entropy, nonlinearity, ease of heterogeneous integration, and tamper-resilience to the corresponding security primitives that they help realize, such as static and dynamic camouflaging, true random number generation, physically unclonable functions, secure heterogeneous and large-scale systems, and tamper-proof memories. The authors discuss several device technologies offering the desired properties (including spintronics switches, memristors, silicon nanowire transistors and ferroelectric devices) for such security primitives and schemes, while also providing a detailed case study for each of the outlined security applications. Overall, the book gives a holistic perspective of how the promising properties found in emerging devices, which are not readily afforded by traditional CMOS devices and systems, can help advance the field of hardware security.

The book features selected high-quality papers presented at International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ICEEE 2022), jointly organized by University of Malaya and Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research India during January 8-9, 2022, at NCR New Delhi, India. The book focuses on current development in the fields of electrical and electronics engineering. The book covers electrical engineering topics-power and energy including renewable energy, power electronics and applications, control, and automation and instrumentation-and covers the areas of robotics, artificial intelligence and IoT, electronics devices, circuits and systems, wireless and optical communication, RF and microwaves, VLSI, and signal processing. The book is beneficial for readers from both academia and industry.

The book covers the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) to tackle applications in smart healthcare. The authors discuss efficient means to collect, monitor, control, optimize, model, and predict healthcare data using AI and IoT. The book presents the many advantages and improvements in the smart healthcare field, in which ubiquitous computing and traditional computational methods alone are often inadequate. AI techniques are presented that play a crucial role in dealing with large amounts of heterogeneous, multi-scale and multi-modal data coming from IoT infrastructures. The book is intended to cover how the fusion of IoT and AI allows the design of models, methodologies, algorithms, evaluation benchmarks, and tools can address challenging problems related to health informatics, healthcare, and wellbeing.

This edited book covers ongoing research in both theory and practical applications of using deep learning for social media data. Social networking platforms are overwhelmed by different contents, and their huge amounts of data have enormous potential to influence business, politics, security, planning and other social aspects. Recently, deep learning techniques have had many successful applications in the AI field. The research presented in this book emerges from the conviction that there is still much progress to be made toward exploiting deep learning in the context of social media data analytics. It includes fifteen chapters, organized into four sections that report on original research in network structure analysis, social media text analysis, user behaviour analysis and social media security analysis. This work could serve as a good reference for researchers, as well as a compilation of innovative ideas and solutions for practitioners interested in applying deep learning techniques to social media data analytics.

This book describes the hydrogen fuel generation from water via photoelectrochemical process. It elaborates the theory and fundamental concepts of photoelectrochemistry to understand the photoelectrochemical process for water splitting to generate hydrogen fuel. The book further deliberates about the hydrogen as a futuristic chemical fuel to store solar energy in the form of chemical bonds and also as a renewable alternative to fossil fuels. The book establishes the need for hydrogen fuel and discusses the standards and practices used for solar driven photoelectrochemical water splitting. It also discusses the current and future status of the nanomaterials as efficient photoelectrodes for solar photoelectrochemical water splitting. The book will be of interest to the researchers, students, faculty, scientists, engineers, and technologists working in the domain of material science, energy harvesting, energy conversion, photo electrochemistry, nanomaterials for photo-electrochemical (PEC) cell, etc.

This book comprises the proceedings of the International Symposium on Sustainable Energy and Power Engineering (SUSE) 2021. The contents of this volume focus on recent technological advances in the field of energy efficiency and green buildings, new construction materials and related technology, hydrogen and renewable energy, environmental aspects of the modern power industry, etc. The contents cover latest advances especially in digital transformation of society and economy of the energy sector, turbomachines and combined plants, intelligent energy systems. This volume will prove a valuable resource for those in academia and industry.

At present, both Industry 4.0 and industrial engineering management developments are reshaping the industrial sector worldwide. Industry 4.0 and sustainability are considered as the crucial emerging trends in industrial production systems. The resulting transformations are changing production modes from traditional to digital, intelligent, and decentralized. It is expected that Industry 4.0 will help drive sustainability in industries thanks to the implementation of advanced technology and a move towards social sustainability. This book reflects on the consequences of the transition to Industry 4.0 for climate change. The book presents a systemic overview of the current negative impacts of digitization on the environment and showcases a new outline of the energy domain and expected changes in environmental pollution levels under Industry 4.0. It also analyzes the ecological consequences of the growth and development of Industry 4.0 and considers Industry 4.0 as an alternative to fighting climate change, in the sense of shifting the global community's attention from environmental protection to consolidation of the digital economy. This book will be of interest to academicians and practitioners in the fields of climate change and development of Industry 4.0, and it will contribute to national economic policies for fighting climate change and corporate strategies of sustainable development under Industry 4.0.

This book explores sustainable development from the perspective of resources and energy, based on China's practical experience and cross-disciplinary research. It focuses on major challenges, key solutions and policy recommendations, and studies and explores seven important themes of resources, energy and sustainable development, including: 1) China's low-carbon energy transition, 2) China's urbanization and low-carbon development, 3) China's low-carbon action in cities, 4) China's low-carbon power transition, 5) China's water resources management, 6) electric vehicle development and key metal resources and 7) China's low-carbon development of the iron & steel industry. This book contributes to a more integrated understanding of many themes and their relationships in the area of resources, energy and sustainable development and guides the related policy and management.

This volume contains revised and extended research articles written by prominent researchers participating in the ICF4C 2011 conference. 2011 International Conference on Future Communication, Computing, Control and Management (ICF4C 2011) has been held on December 16-17, 2011, Phuket, Thailand. Topics covered include intelligent computing, network management, wireless networks, telecommunication, power engineering, control engineering, Signal and Image Processing, Machine Learning, Control Systems and Applications, The book will offer the states of arts of tremendous advances in Computing, Communication, Control, and Management and also serve as an excellent reference work for researchers and graduate students working on Computing, Communication, Control, and Management Research.

This book gathers recent research works in emerging Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods for the convergence of communication, caching, control, and computing resources in cloud-based Internet of Vehicles (IoV) infrastructures. In this context, the book's major subjects cover the analysis and the development of AI-powered mechanisms in future IoV applications and architectures. It addresses the major new technological developments in the field and reflects current research trends and industry needs. It comprises a good balance between theoretical and practical issues, covering case studies, experience and evaluation reports, and best practices in utilizing AI applications in IoV networks. It also provides technical/scientific information about various aspects of AI technologies, ranging from basic concepts to research-grade material, including future directions. This book is intended for researchers, practitioners, engineers, and scientists involved in designing and developing protocols and AI applications and services for IoV-related devices.

This book investigates the sustainability performance of system that use microgrids in desalination processes. Climate change may be especially dramatic in its effects on island environments. In these environments, aquifers and wells could become over exploited resulting the use of desalination plans. The synergies between water, energy, and food sectors have been identified as vital in achieving the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals. The book explores desalination and microgrids technically as well the economic and legal aspects that must be considered in order explore their techno-economic feasibility - analyzing how to improve the desalination process, proposing a method to locate and size a microgrid. Other synergies between the water, energy, and food system are discussed and the benefits to society that might result in these systems. Also, the lessons learned are highlighted in the context of how they may apply to other sustainable enterprises.

This book outlines the promise of the field of the Cognitive Internet of Things when it is applied to cognitive buildings. After an introduction, the authors discuss the goals of cognitive buildings such as operation in a more efficient, flexible, interactive, intuitive, and sustainable way. They go on to outline the benefits that these technologies promise to building owners, occupants, and their environments that range from reducing energy consumption and carbon footprint to promoting health, well-being, and productivity. The authors outline technologies that provide buildings and equipment with the ability to collect, aggregate, and analyze data and how this information can be collected by sensors and related to internal conditions and settings, energy consumption, user requests, and preferences to maintain comfort and save energy. This book is of interest to practitioners, researchers, students, and professors in IoT and smart cities.

As virtual reality expands from the imaginary worlds of science fiction and pervades every corner of everyday life, it is becoming increasingly important for students and professionals alike to understand the diverse aspects of this technology. This book aims to provide a comprehensive guide to the theoretical and practical elements of virtual reality, from the mathematical and technological foundations of virtual worlds to the human factors and the applications that enrich our lives: in the fields of medicine, entertainment, education and others. After providing a brief introduction to the topic, the book describes the kinematic and dynamic mathematical models of virtual worlds. It explores the many ways a computer can track and interpret human movement, then progresses through the modalities that make up a virtual world: visual, acoustic and haptic. It explores the interaction between the actual and virtual environments, as well as design principles of the latter. The book closes with an examination of different applications, focusing on augmented reality as a special case. Though the content is primarily VR-related, it is also relevant for many other fields.

This book discusses the role of optical networks in 3G, 4G, 5G and beyond. The authors discuss the evolution of the technologies, the research involved, and the applications with respect to optical communication systems. In addition, the book provides in-depth knowledge of broadband connectivity for future generation networks. More focus is given towards the front-, mid- and back- hauling of 5G and beyond. The authors present architecture for broadband connectivity and explain its potential in 5G and beyond applications. This book includes several architectures based on Hybrid Fiber-Wireless; Next Generation Passive Optical Networks Stage 1 and 2; millimeter wave over fiber; sub-THz wave over fiber; millimeter/sub-THz wave over multicore fiber; 6G fronthaul; 6G backhaul; GMPLS networks, and massive MIMO sub-Thz antenna. The contributors provide supplementary material such as simulations, analysis and experiments.

Updated in line with the 18th edition of the wiring regulations. This book is an essential guide to the City & Guilds 2391-50 and 51: Initial Verification and Certification of Electrical Installation and Periodic Inspection and Testing, also C&G 2391-52: an amalgamation of Initial Verification and Periodic Inspection and Testing of electrical installations. There is a full coverage of technical and legal terminology used in the theory exams; including the structure of exam questions and their interpretation. By running through examples of realistic exam questions in a step-by-step fashion, this book explains how to decode the questions to achieve the most suitable response from the multiple-choice answers given. This book is ideal for all electricians, regardless of their experience, who need a testing qualification in order to take the next step in their career.