The international conference on Automation and Robotics-ICAR2011 is held during December 12-13, 2011 in Dubai, UAE. The proceedings of ICAR2011 have been published by Springer Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, which include 163 excellent papers selected from more than 400 submitted papers.

The conference is intended to bring together the researchers and engineers/technologists working in different aspects of intelligent control systems and optimization, robotics and automation, signal processing, sensors, systems modeling and control, industrial engineering, production and management.

This part of proceedings includes 82 papers contributed by many researchers in relevant topic areas covered at ICAR2011 from various countries such as France, Japan, USA, Korea and China etc.

The session topic of this proceeding is signal processing and industrial engineering, production and management, which includes papers about signal reconstruction, mechanical sensors, real-time systems control system identification, change detection problems, business process modeling, production planning, scheduling and control, computer-based manufacturing technologies, systems modeling and simulation, facilities planning and management, quality control and management, precision engineering, intelligent design and manufacturing.

The papers in this proceedings focus on industry engineering to promote efficiency and affect for the world, which typically showed their advanced research work recently in their various field. I am sure that discussing with many colleagues will give much more creative idea for each other on ICAR2011.

All of papers with powerful evidence and detail demonstration involved the authors' numerous time and energy will be proved valuable by their unexhausted exploring sprit. Sincere thanks to the committee and all the authors, in additionally, including anonymous reviewers from many fields and organizations. They pointed out us direction to go on research work for the world.

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When the 50th anniversary of the birth of Information Theory was celebrated at the 1998 IEEE International Symposium on Informa tion Theory in Boston, there was a great deal of reflection on the the year 1993 as a critical year. As the years pass and more perspec tive is gained, it is a fairly safe bet that we will view 1993 as the year when the "early years" of error control coding came to an end. This was the year in which Berrou, Glavieux and Thitimajshima pre sented "Near Shannon Limit Error-Correcting Coding and Decoding: Turbo Codes" at the International Conference on Communications in Geneva. In their presentation, Berrou et al. claimed that a combi nation of parallel concatenation and iterative decoding can provide reliable communications at a signal to noise ratio that is within a few tenths of a dB of the Shannon limit. Nearly fifty years of striving to achieve the promise of Shannon's noisy channel coding theorem had come to an end. The implications of this result were immediately apparent to all -coding gains on the order of 10 dB could be used to dramatically extend the range of communication receivers, increase data rates and services, or substantially reduce transmitter power levels. The 1993 ICC paper set in motion several research efforts that have permanently changed the way we look at error control coding."

Variable speed is one of the important requirements in most of the electric drives. Earlier dc motors were the only drives that were used in industries requiring - eration over a wide range of speed with step less variation, or requiring fine ac- racy of speed control. Such drives are known as high performance drives. AC - tors because of being highly coupled non-linear devices can not provide fast dynamic response with normal controls. However, recently, because of ready availability of power electronic devices, and digital signal processors ac motors are beginning to be used for high performance drives. Field oriented control or vector control has made a fundamental change with regard to dynamic perfo- ance of ac machines. Vector control makes it possible to control induction or s- chronous motor in a manner similar to control scheme used for the separately - cited dc motor. Recent advances in artificial intelligence techniques have also contributed in the improvement in performance of electric drives. This book presents a comprehensive view of high performance ac drives. It may be considered as both a text book for graduate students and as an up-to-date monograph. It may also be used by R & D professionals involved in the impro- ment of performance of drives in the industries. The book will also be beneficial to the researchers pursuing work on sensorless and direct torque control of electric drives as up-to date references in these topics are provided.

Image motion processing is important to machine vision systems because it can lead to the recovery of 3D structure and motion. Author Amar Mitiche offers a comprehensive mathematical treatment of this key subject in visual systems research. Mitiche examines the interpretation of point correspondences as well as the interpretation of straight line correspondences and optical flow. In addition, the author considers interpretation by knowledge-based systems and presents the relevant mathematical basis for 3D interpretation.

This book deals specifically with control theories relevant to the design of control units for switched power electronics devices, for the most part represented by DC DC converters and supplies, by rectifiers of different kinds and by inverters with varying topologies. The theoretical methods for designing controllers in linear and nonlinear systems are accompanied by multiple case studies and examples showing their application in the emerging field of power electronics.

Petri Net Synthesis for Discrete Event Control of Manufacturing Systems develops two essential resource-sharing concepts: parallel and sequential mutual exclusions and theoretical results in Petri synthesis. A parallel mutual exclusion (PME) is defined to model a resource shared by independent distributed processes, and a sequential mutual exclusion is a sequential composition of PMEs, modeling a resource shared by sequentially-related processes. A hybrid synthesis methodology for Petri net models and controllers is proposed using top-down, modular, and bottom-up design ideas and the mutual exclusion theory. An aggregate Petri net model is refined by replacing places and /or transitions with basic design modules which are mathematically and graphically described. Petri net design methods are presented for such buffers as automatic storage and retrieval systems. Using the proposed method synthesizes both Petri net structure and feasible initial markings, guaranteeing that resulting Petri nets have desirable system properties such as freedom from deadlock and cyclic behavior. A Petri net controller is extended to error recovery for automated manufacturing systems. The theory can guarantee that the desired system properties achieved by the original design will be preserved when the controller is augmented to deal with an error in the prescribed methods. Control code has been directly generated from Petri net definitions. The algorithm and implementation details are given for a flexible manufacturing system. Using the approach presented in Petri Net Synthesis for Discrete Event Control of Manufacturing Systems, engineers and research workers can develop their own discrete event control applications and experiments.

Discusses process variation, model accuracy, design flow and many other practical engineering, reliability and manufacturing issues

Gives a good overview for a person who is not an expert in modeling and simulation, enabling them to extract the necessary information to competently use modeling and simulation programs

Written for engineering students and product design engineers

The fourth and last edition of this book was published in 1967. Although it has been out of print for many years it is still considered the "Bible" of contact theory and is referred to in almost every scientific paper dealing with electric contacts. This classic book serves as a basis for understanding of contacts and their use in technology. It contains fundamental theory, critical information and a richness of details including a pertinent literature list. A chapter is devoted to the tunnel effect, several chapters treat such friction and wear phenomena which are closely connected with the theory of electric contacts. Subjects covered include tarnishing of contact material, fritting of tarnish films in contacts, material transfer in switches and commutation, and the theory of thermal contacts.

Compression and Coding Algorithms describes in detail the coding mechanisms that are available for use in data compression systems. The well known Huffman coding technique is one mechanism, but there have been many others developed over the past few decades, and this book describes, explains and assesses them. People undertaking research of software development in the areas of compression and coding algorithms will find this book an indispensable reference. In particular, the careful and detailed description of algorithms and their implementation, plus accompanying pseudo-code that can be readily implemented on computer, make this book a definitive reference in an area currently without one.

The overall goal of this book is to introduce algorithms for improving the economic posture of a utility company in a restructured power system by promoting cost-effective maintenance schedules. This book's topic is very timely as the electric utility industry is undergoing a major restructuring, and what used to be vertically integrated is now being unbundled. The restructuring has given rise to a number of separate business entities with their own objectives. In this breakup, the issue of maintenance scheduling has been missed completely since none of these entities currently have explicit accountability for this subject. The authors offer a logical alternative to traditional electric utility maintenance practices and a basis for making maintenance decisions. Maintenance scheduling problems are formulated as decomposed problems. This signifies the nature of restructured power systems with self-interested entities and optimizes potential revenues while meeting constraints such as fuel schedules, emission constraints, hourly load demands, and network limits. Coordination of short- and long-term maintenance scheduling is also presented. The book shows by numerous derivations and examples that careful planning and good coordination among self-interested entities in restructured power systems are essential to achieving an optimal trade-off between the cost of maintenance and service reliability. Maintenance Scheduling in Restructured Power Systems includes a variety of models, solutions and ideas that will be invaluable to engineers, consultants, manufacturers, students, and others working and studying in the utility field.

This volume contains 108 full length papers presented at the 2nd International Conference on Electric and Electronics (EEIC 2012), held on April 21-22 in Sanya, China, which brings together researchers working in many different areas of education and learning to foster international collaborations and exchange of new ideas. This volume can be divided into two sections on the basis of the classification of manuscripts considered: the first section deals with Electric and the second section with Electronics.

The capability of effectively analyzing complex systems is fundamental to the operation, management and planning of power systems. This book offers broad coverage of essential power system concepts and features a complete and in-depth account of all the latest developments, including Power Flow Analysis in Market Environment; Power Flow Calculation of AC/DC Interconnected Systems and Power Flow Control and Calculation for Systems Having FACTS Devices and recent results in system stability.

vii Part 1. ULTIMATE PHYSICAL LIMITS IN ELEcrRONIC CCM1UNICATION Breaking the Recursive Bottleneck Professor David G. Messerschmitt 3 Optimum Scales and Limits of Integration Professor Daniel V. McCaughan . . * . 21 On Ultimate Thermodynamic Limitations in Communication and canputation Professor Jerome Rothstein 43 Part 2. STATISTICAL, INFORMATIONAL, COMPUTATIONAL AND CRYPI'OGRAPHIC LIMITS On the Capacity of Peak Power Constrained Gaussian Channels Professor I. Bar-David *...***. 61 Complexity Issues for Public Key Cryptography Professor Ian F. Blake, Dr. Paul C. van Oorschot and Dr. Scott A. Vanstone . . *...*. *...75 Collaborative Coding for Optical Fibre Multi-User Channels Dr. P. Bridge . **. . ***...*. 99 What Happened with Knapsack Cryptographic Schemes? Professor Y. G. Desmedt . **...****. 113 Optical Logic for Computers Dr. Robert W. Keyes ...* 135 Limitations of Queueing Models in Communication Networks 143 Professor Anthony Ephremides . * * . . * * * * * . * Limits to Network Reliability Dr. GUnter G. Weber . *...1 55 Two Non-Standard Paradigms for Computation: Analog Machines and Cellular Automata Professor Kenneth Steiglitz ******** 173 The Capacity Region of the Binary Multiplying Channel - A Converse Professor J. Pieter M. Schalkwijk ...*. * 193 Recent Developments in Cryptography Dr. Fred Piper . * * * . * * * 207 vi The Role of Feedback in Communication Professor Thomas M. Cover * . * . . * 225 The Complexities of Information Transfer with Reference to a Genetic Code Model Mr. G. A. Karpel . . *...

This book is an introduction to the fundamentals of emerging non-volatile memories and provides an overview of future trends in the field. Readers will find coverage of seven important memory technologies, including Ferroelectric Random Access Memory (FeRAM), Ferromagnetic RAM (FMRAM), Multiferroic RAM (MFRAM), Phase-Change Memories (PCM), Oxide-based Resistive RAM (RRAM), Probe Storage, and Polymer Memories. Chapters are structured to reflect diffusions and clashes between different topics. Emerging Non-Volatile Memories is an ideal book for graduate students, faculty, and professionals working in the area of non-volatile memory. This book also: Covers key memory technologies, including Ferroelectric Random Access Memory (FeRAM), Ferromagnetic RAM (FMRAM), and Multiferroic RAM (MFRAM), among others. Provides an overview of non-volatile memory fundamentals. Broadens readers' understanding of future trends in non-volatile memories.

What lies beyond the era of fossil fuels? While most answers focus on different primary energy resources, "Energy Systems in the Era of Energy Vectors" provides a completely new approach.

Instead of providing a traditional consumption analysis of classical primary energy resources such as oil, coal, nuclear power and gas, "Energy Systems in the Era of Energy Vectors" describes and assesses energy technologies, markets and future strategies, focusing on their capacity to produce, exchange, and use energy vectors. Special attention is given to the renewable energy resources available in different areas of the world and made exploitable by the integration of energy vectors in the global energy system.

Clear definitions of energy vectors and energy systems are used as the basis for a complete explanation and assessment of up-to-date, available technologies for energy resources, transport and storage systems, conversion and use. The energy vectors scheme allows the potential realization of a worldwide sustainable energy system to fulfill global development expectations by minimizing both the impact on the environment, and the international political frictions for access to limited and concentrated resources.

"Energy Systems in the Era of Energy Vectors" is an informative read for researchers and advanced students in industrial, energy and environmental engineering. It also contains valuable information for managers and technicians working in the energy sector.

This book describes the analysis and design of precision temperature sensors in CMOS IC technology. It focusses on so-called smart temperature sensors, which provide a digital output signal that can be readily interpreted by a computer. The sensors described in this book are based on bipolar transistors, which are available as parasitic devices in standard CMOS technology. The relevant physical properties of these devices are described. It is shown in detail how their temperature characteristics can be used to obtain an accurate digital temperature reading. A sigma-delta converter plays a key role in the conversion to a digital output. Both the system-level design of such a converter, and the circuit-level implementation using both continuous-time and switched-capacitor techniques are described. Special attention is paid to the application of precision interfacing techniques, such as dynamic offset cancellation and dynamic element matching. A separate chapter is devoted to low-cost calibration techniques. Precision Temperature Sensors in CMOS Technology ends with a detailed description of three realized prototypes. The final prototype achieves an inaccuracy of only A0.1AC (3Sigma) over the temperature range of a "55AC to 125AC, which is the highest performance reported to date.

The application of quantitative reliability evaluation in electric power sys tems has now evolved to the point at which most utilities use these techniques in one or more areas of their planning, design, and operation. Most of the techniques in use are based on analytical models and resulting analytical evaluation procedures. Improvements in and availability of high-speed digi tal computers have created the opportunity to analyze many of these prob lems using stochastic simulation methods and over the last decade there has been increased interest in and use made of Monte Carlo simulation in quantitative power system reliability assessment. Monte Carlo simulation is not a new concept and recorded applications have existed for at least 50 yr. However, localized high-speed computers with large-capacity storage have made Monte Carlo simulation an available and sometimes preferable option for many power system reliability applications. Monte Carlo simulation is also an integral part of a modern undergrad uate or graduate course on reliability evaluation of general engineering systems or specialized areas such as electric power systems. It is hoped that this textbook will help formalize the many existing applications of Monte Carlo simulation and assist in their integration in teaching programs. This book presents the basic concepts associated with Monte Carlo simulation."

Robotic Cell Manipulation introduces up-to-date research to realize this new theme of medical robotics. The book is organized in three levels: operation tools (e.g., optical tweezers, microneedles, dielectrophoresis, electromagnetic devices, and microfluidic chips), manipulation types (e.g., microinjection, transportation, rotation fusion, adhesion, separation, etc.), and potential medical applications (e.g., micro-surgery, biopsy, gene editing, cancer treatment, cell-cell interactions, etc.). The technology involves different fields such as robotics, automation, imaging, microfluidics, mechanics, materials, biology and medical sciences. The book provides systematic knowledge on the subject, covering a wide range of basic concepts, theories, methodology, experiments, case studies and potential medical applications. It will enable readers to promptly conduct a systematic review of research and become an essential reference for many new and experienced researchers entering this unique field.

A spherical actuator is a novel electric device that can achieve 2/3-DOF rotational motions in a single joint with electric power input. It has advantages such as compact structure, low mass/moment of inertia, fast response and non-singularities within the workspace. It has promising applications in robotics, automobile, manufacturing, medicine and aerospace industry. This is the first monograph that introduces the research on spherical actuators systematically. It broadens the scope of actuators from conventional single-axis to multi-axis, which will help both beginners and researchers to enhance their knowledge on electromagnetic actuators. Generic analytic modeling methods for magnetic field and torque output are developed, which can be applied to the development of other electromagnetic actuators. A parametric design methodology that allows fast analysis and design of spherical actuators for various applications is proposed. A novel non-contact high-precision 3-DOF spherical motion sensing methodology is developed and evaluated with experiments, which shows that it can achieve one order of magnitude higher precision than conventional methods. The technologies of nondimensionalization and normalization are introduced into magnetic field analysis the first time, and a benchmark database is established for the reference of other researches on spherical actuators.

This book paves the way for researchers working on the sustainable interdependent networks spread over the fields of computer science, electrical engineering, and smart infrastructures. It provides the readers with a comprehensive insight to understand an in-depth big picture of smart cities as a thorough example of interdependent large-scale networks in both theory and application aspects. The contributors specify the importance and position of the interdependent networks in the context of developing the sustainable smart cities and provide a comprehensive investigation of recently developed optimization methods for large-scale networks. There has been an emerging concern regarding the optimal operation of power and transportation networks. In the second volume of Sustainable Interdependent Networks book, we focus on the interdependencies of these two networks, optimization methods to deal with the computational complexity of them, and their role in future smart cities. We further investigate other networks, such as communication networks, that indirectly affect the operation of power and transportation networks. Our reliance on these networks as global platforms for sustainable development has led to the need for developing novel means to deal with arising issues. The considerable scale of such networks, due to the large number of buses in smart power grids and the increasing number of electric vehicles in transportation networks, brings a large variety of computational complexity and optimization challenges. Although the independent optimization of these networks lead to locally optimum operation points, there is an exigent need to move towards obtaining the globally-optimum operation point of such networks while satisfying the constraints of each network properly. The book is suitable for senior undergraduate students, graduate students interested in research in multidisciplinary areas related to future sustainable networks, and the researchers working in the related areas. It also covers the application of interdependent networks which makes it a perfect source of study for audience out of academia to obtain a general insight of interdependent networks.

This book presents developments and new results on complex differential-difference equations, an area with important and interesting applications, which also gathers increasing attention. Key problems, methods, and results related to complex differential-difference equations are collected to offer an up-to-date overview of the field.

Turbo Codes: Desirable and Designable introduces the basics of turbo codes in their different flavors (more specifically, parallel concatenated convolutional turbo codes and block turbo codes). Through the application of systemic design methodology that considers data transfer and storage as top priority candidates for optimization, the authors show how turbo codes can be implemented and the attractive performance results that can be achieved in throughput, latency and energy consumption. These solutions and results make turbo-codes close competitors to traditional coding scheme such as convolutional codes or algebraic codes.

Finally, a real-life prototype of parallel concatenated convolutional (turbo-) codes is presented. A complete turbo codes ASIC data-flow is described together with on-board power, speed and coding gain measurements that demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution.

Provides coverage of Motor Current Signature Analysis (MCSA) for cage induction motors This book is primarily for industrial engineers. It has 13 chapters and contains a unique data base of 50 industrial case histories on the application of MCSA to diagnose broken rotor bars or unacceptable levels of airgap eccentricity in cage induction motors with ratings from 127 kW (170 H.P.) up to 10,160 kW (13,620 H.P.). There are also unsuccessful case histories, which is another unique feature of the book. The case studies also illustrate the effects of mechanical load dynamics downstream of the motor on the interpretation of current signatures. A number of cases are presented where abnormal operation of the driven load was diagnosed. Chapter 13 presents a critical appraisal of MCSA including successes, failures and lessons learned via industrial case histories. * The case histories are presented in a step by step format, with predictions and outcomes supported by current spectra and photographic evidence to confirm a correct or incorrect diagnosis * The case histories are presented in detail so readers fully understand the diagnosis * The authors have 108 years of combined experience in the installation, maintenance, repair, design, manufacture, operation and condition monitoring of SCIMs * There are 10 questions at the end of chapters 1 to 12 and answers can be obtained via the publisher Current Signature Analysis for Condition Monitoring of Cage Induction Motors serves as a reference for professional engineers, head electricians and technicians working with induction motors. To obtain the solutions manual for this book, please send an email to [email protected]. William T. Thomson is Director and Consultant with EM Diagnostics Ltd, in Scotland. Prof. Thomson received a BSc (Hons) in Electrical Engineering in 1973 and an MSc in 1977 from the University of Strathclyde. He has published 72 papers on condition monitoring of induction motors in a variety of engineering journals such as IEEE Transactions (USA), IEE Proceedings (UK), and also at numerous International IEEE and IEE conferences. He is a senior member of the IEEE, a fellow of the IEE (IET) in the UK and a Chartered Professional Engineer registered in the UK. Ian Culbert was a Rotating Machines Specialist at Iris Power Qualitrol since April 2002 until his very untimely death on 8th September, 2015. At this company he provided consulting services to customers, assisted in product development, trained sales and field service staff and reviewed stator winding partial discharge reports. He has co-authored two books on electrical machine insulation design, evaluation, aging, testing and repair and was principal author of a number of Electric Power Research Institute reports on motor repair. Ian was a Registered Professional Engineer in the Province of Ontario, Canada and a Senior Member of IEEE.