This book provides comprehensive coverage of the new wide-bandgap semiconductor gallium oxide (Ga2O3). Ga2O3 has been attracting much attention due to its excellent materials properties. It features an extremely large bandgap of greater than 4.5 eV and availability of large-size, high-quality native substrates produced from melt-grown bulk single crystals. Ga2O3 is thus a rising star among ultra-wide-bandgap semiconductors and represents a key emerging research field for the worldwide semiconductor community. Expert chapters cover physical properties, synthesis, and state-of-the-art applications, including materials properties, growth techniques of melt-grown bulk single crystals and epitaxial thin films, and many types of devices. The book is an essential resource for academic and industry readers who have an interest in, or plan to start, a new R&D project related to Ga2O3.

This book reviews the applications, technologies, standards, and other issues related to Smart Cities. The book is divided into broad topical sections including Vision & Reality, Technologies & Standards, Transportation Considerations, and Infrastructure & Environment. In these sections, authors who are experts in their fields present essential aspects of applications, technologies, requirements, and best-practices. In all cases, the authors have direct, substantive experience with the subject and present an important viewpoint driven by industry or governmental interests; the authors have each participated in the development and/or deployment of constituent technologies, standards, and applications, and share unique perspectives on key areas of the Smart City.

The book covers computational statistics, its methodologies and applications for IoT device. It includes the details in the areas of computational arithmetic and its influence on computational statistics, numerical algorithms in statistical application software, basics of computer systems, statistical techniques, linear algebra and its role in optimization techniques, evolution of optimization techniques, optimal utilization of computer resources, and statistical graphics role in data analysis. It also explores computational inferencing and computer model's role in design of experiments, Bayesian analysis, survival analysis and data mining in computational statistics.

As the electrical industry continues to develop, one sector that still faces a range of concerns is the electrical distribution system. Excessive industrialization and inadequate billing are just a few issues that have plagued this electrical sector as it advances into the smart grid environment. Research is necessary to explore the possible solutions in fixing these problems and developing the distribution sector into an active and smart system. New Solutions and Technologies in Electrical Distribution Networks is a collection of innovative research on the methods and applications of solving major issues within the electrical distribution system. Some issues covered within the publication include distribution losses, improper monitoring of system, renewable energy integration with micro-grid and distributed energy sources, and smart home energy management system modelling. This book is ideally designed for power engineers, electrical engineers, energy professionals, developers, technologists, policymakers, researchers, academicians, industry professionals, and students seeking current research on improving this key sector of the electrical industry.

This book is a collection of selected papers presented at the First International Conference on Industrial IoT, Big Data and Supply Chain (IIoTBDSC), held as an online conference due to COVID-19 (initially to be held in Macao, Special Administration Region (SAR) of China), during September 15-17, 2020. It includes novel and innovative work from experts, practitioners, scientists and decision-makers from academia and industry. It brings multi-disciplines together on IIoT, data science, cloud computing, software engineering approaches to design, development, testing and quality of products and services.

Ac Electric Machines and Their Control addresses the electromechanics and control of ac electric machines. The book supports advanced undergraduate and graduate courses. It will also be useful to the practicing professional that desires a detailed explanation of how electromagnetic fields interact within modern electric machinery, and the control methods available to manipulate those fields. The text tries to achieve a balance between mathematical rigor and physical insight.

This book discusses the design and implementation of energy harvesting systems targeting wearable devices. The authors describe in detail the different energy harvesting sources that can be utilized for powering low-power devices in general, focusing on the best candidates for wearable applications. Coverage also includes state-of-the-art interface circuits, which can be used to accept energy from harvesters and deliver it to a device in the most efficient way. Finally, the authors present power management circuits for using multiple energy harvesting sources at the same time to power devices and to enhance efficiency of the system.

This fully updated new edition of a uniquely accessible textbook/reference provides a general introduction to probabilistic graphical models (PGMs) from an engineering perspective. It features new material on partially observable Markov decision processes, causal graphical models, causal discovery and deep learning, as well as an even greater number of exercises; it also incorporates a software library for several graphical models in Python. The book covers the fundamentals for each of the main classes of PGMs, including representation, inference and learning principles, and reviews real-world applications for each type of model. These applications are drawn from a broad range of disciplines, highlighting the many uses of Bayesian classifiers, hidden Markov models, Bayesian networks, dynamic and temporal Bayesian networks, Markov random fields, influence diagrams, and Markov decision processes. Topics and features: Presents a unified framework encompassing all of the main classes of PGMs Explores the fundamental aspects of representation, inference and learning for each technique Examines new material on partially observable Markov decision processes, and graphical models Includes a new chapter introducing deep neural networks and their relation with probabilistic graphical models Covers multidimensional Bayesian classifiers, relational graphical models, and causal models Provides substantial chapter-ending exercises, suggestions for further reading, and ideas for research or programming projects Describes classifiers such as Gaussian Naive Bayes, Circular Chain Classifiers, and Hierarchical Classifiers with Bayesian Networks Outlines the practical application of the different techniques Suggests possible course outlines for instructors This classroom-tested work is suitable as a textbook for an advanced undergraduate or a graduate course in probabilistic graphical models for students of computer science, engineering, and physics. Professionals wishing to apply probabilistic graphical models in their own field, or interested in the basis of these techniques, will also find the book to be an invaluable reference. Dr. Luis Enrique Sucar is a Senior Research Scientist at the National Institute for Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics (INAOE), Puebla, Mexico. He received the National Science Prize en 2016.

This book features a selection of revised and extended research articles written by prominent researchers who participated in the 26th World Congress on Engineering and Computer Science (WCECS 2018), held in San Francisco, USA, on October 23-25, 2018. Topics covered include engineering mathematics, electrical engineering, communications systems, computer science, chemical engineering, systems engineering, manufacturing engineering and industrial applications. With contributions carefully chosen to represent the most cutting-edge research presented at the conference and highlighting the state of the art in engineering technologies and the physical sciences and their applications, the book is a valuable reference resource for graduate students and researchers working in these fields.

These proceedings gather outstanding papers presented at the China SAE Congress 2019. Featuring contributions mainly from China, the biggest carmaker as well as most dynamic car market in the world, the book covers a wide range of automotive topics and the latest technical advances in the industry. Many of the approaches included can help technicians to solve practical problems that affect their daily work. In addition, the book offers valuable technical support to engineers, researchers and postgraduate students in the field of automotive engineering.

This book outlines the challenges that increasing amounts of renewable and distributed energy represent when integrated into established electricity grid infrastructures, offering a range of potential solutions that will support engineers, grid operators, system planners, utilities, and policymakers alike in their efforts to realize the vision of moving toward greener, more secure energy portfolios. Covering all major renewable sources, from wind and solar, to waste energy and hydropower, the authors highlight case studies of successful integration scenarios to demonstrate pathways toward overcoming the complexities created by variable and distributed generation.

This book examines real-time models and advanced online applications that enhance reliability and resilience of the grid in real-time and near real-time environments. It is written by Peak Reliability engineers who worked on the creation of the West Wide System Model (WSM) and the implementation of advanced real-time operation situational awareness tools for reliability coordination function. The book looks at how a single Reliability Coordinator for the Western Interconnection did its work under normal and emergency conditions, providing a unique perspective on best practices and lessons learned from Peak's modeling and coordination efforts to create, maintain, and improve state-of-art new technology and algorithms to improve real-time operation situational awareness and Bulk Electric System (BES) grid resilience. Coverage includes practical experience of implementing real-time Energy Management System (EMS) Network Application, real-time voltage stability analysis, online transient stability analysis, synchrophasor technology, Dispatcher Training Simulator and EMS Cybersecurity & Inter-Control Center Communications Protocol (ICCP) implementation experience in a Reliability Coordinator Control Room setting. Explains how to operate a "green" grid and prevent new blackouts against uncertain operation conditions; Written by Peak Reliability engineers who worked on the creation of the West Wide System Model (WWSM); All material verified in practical system operations, or validated by real system measures and system events.

This book focuses on control techniques for LCL-type grid-connected inverters to improve system stability, control performance and suppression ability of grid current harmonics. Combining a detailed theoretical analysis with design examples and experimental validations, the book offers an essential reference guide for graduate students and researchers in power electronics, as well as engineers engaged in developing grid-connected inverters for renewable energy generation systems.

This book presents recent advanced techniques in sliding mode control and observer design for industrial power systems, focusing on their applications in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells and power converters. Readers will find not only valuable new fault detection and isolation techniques based on sliding mode control and observers, but also a number of robust control and estimation methodologies combined with fuzzy neural networks and extended state observer methods. The book also provides necessary experimental and simulation examples for proton exchange membrane fuel cell systems and power converter systems. Given its scope, it offers a valuable resource for undergraduate and graduate students, academics, scientists and engineers who are working in the field.

This book presents high-quality papers from the Fourth International Conference on Microelectronics, Computing & Communication Systems (MCCS 2019). It discusses the latest technological trends and advances in MEMS and nanoelectronics, wireless communication, optical communication, instrumentation, signal processing, image processing, bioengineering, green energy, hybrid vehicles, environmental science, weather forecasting, cloud computing, renewable energy, RFID, CMOS sensors, actuators, transducers, telemetry systems, embedded systems and sensor network applications. It includes papers based on original theoretical, practical and experimental simulations, development, applications, measurements and testing. The applications and solutions discussed here provide excellent reference material for future product development.

Every engineer must eventually face their first daunting design project. Scheduling, organization, budgeting, prototyping: all can be overwhelming in the short time given to complete the project. While there are resources available on project management and the design process, many are focused too narrowly on specific topics or areas of engineering. Practical Engineering Design presents a complete overview of the design project and beyond for any engineering discipline, including sections on how to protect intellectual property rights and suggestions for turning the project into a business. An outgrowth of the editors' broad experience teaching the capstone Engineering Design course, Practical Engineering Design reflects the most pressing and often-repeated questions with a set of guidelines for the entire process. The editors present two sample project reports and presentations in the appendix and refer to them throughout the book, using examples and critiques to demonstrate specific suggestions for improving the quality of writing and presentation. Real-world examples demonstrate how to formulate schedules and budgets, and generous references in each chapter offer direction to more in-depth information. Whether for a co-op assignment or your first project on the job, this is the most comprehensive guide available for deciding where to begin, organizing the team, budgeting time and resources, and, most importantly, completing the project successfully.

This book discusses non-conventional digital signal processing based on direct processing of delta-sigma modulated bit-stream. The main attributes of low-pass delta-sigma analog-to-digital converters are: simple and inexpensive design, robustness of design to component tolerances, low-power consumption, high input impedance, high resolution (more than 20 bits) and possibility of direct arithmetic operation on its bit-stream. The author presents a number of theoretical and simulation results related to newly proposed linear and non-linear circuits such as delta-sigma adders, delta-sigma rectifiers, delta-sigma RMS and AGC circuits, delta-sigma frequency deviation meters, etc. The proposed circuits are not application limited and can be used in instrumentation, sensor application, bio-medical application, communications, etc. Presents novel linear and nonlinear circuits for direct processing of delta-sigma modulated bit-stream; The proposed circuits are supported by theoretical and simulation results; Recommends potential applications of the proposed circuits, and proposes ideas for further investigation.

A restricted source of power supply is analysed in this book - namely the switching mode power supplies (SMPS), which utilise the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) technique to operate. Even though restricted, such a class of power supply is vital to circuits as most of modern electronic equipment is dependant on this form of technology to feed electronic boards. Its main advantages are greater efficiency, and its minimum physical size and weight.

Interdisciplinary knowledge such as circuit theory, semiconductor devices theory and technology, magnetics theory and technology, linear and nonlinear control theory is involved in the design of an SMPS.

This volume provides designers with an in-depth overview on the latest interdisciplinary methods involved in the design of switching mode power supplies, providing the reader with a tool whereby the learning time can be reduced and information about switching mode power supplies design processes can be easily accessed. The book adopts a systemic approach, subdividing the information into functional blocks whose properties and relationships are evaluated and compared with each other. A comprehensive list of references to the literature is given thus enabling the reader to follow up on more detail.

The main aim of this book is to discuss model order reduction (MOR) methods for differential-algebraic equations (DAEs) with linear coefficients that make use of splitting techniques before applying model order reduction. The splitting produces a system of ordinary differential equations (ODE) and a system of algebraic equations, which are then reduced separately. For the reduction of the ODE system, conventional MOR methods can be used, whereas for the reduction of the algebraic systems new methods are discussed. The discussion focuses on the index-aware model order reduction method (IMOR) and its variations, methods for which the so-called index of the original model is automatically preserved after reduction.

For courses in Electromagnetic Fields & Waves. Electromagnetic Waves continues the applied approach used in the authors' successful Engineering Electromagnetics. The second book is appropriate for a second course in Electromagnetics that covers the topic of waves and the application of Maxwell's equations to electromagnetic events.

Geolocation is a process that utilizes sensors to pick up enemy emissions and locate electronic warfare (EW) targets. It is of particular interest among EW professionals because it allows them to use the enemy's own emissions to help set GPS coordinates and accurately pinpoint a target for attack. This book authoritative book is invaluable to EW engineers because it describes the mathematical development underlying current and classical methods of geolocating electronic systems that are emitting. Supported with over 620 equations and more than 115 illustrations, the book provides practitioners with critical information on a variety of geolocation algorithms and techniques. Engineers gain an in-depth understanding of key target location methods that they can effectively apply to their work in the field.