This book is an an up-to-date survey and summary of present knowledge and future expectations regarding the environmental causes of congenital malformations in human beings, beginning with the earliest discoveries of the 20th century up to the latest ideas and problems at its end, presents views and comments on the progress made over the century in understanding human prenatal maldevelopment.

This is part of a series of integrative work by infancy researchers of both humans and animals. The articles seek to serve as references on programmatic series of studies, critical correlations of diverse data that yield to a common theme, and constructive attacks on old issues.

This text is a practical guide for primary-care doctors and health visitors involved in the detection of developmental problems in children whose parents are worried that their child is not developing like other children. It will be of assistance to paediatricians and paediatric neurologists in providing a developmental perspective in the diagnostic process in their work with children with chronic neurological disorders. The tests described have been standardized by the author and cover the essentials of developmental examination: history - including parents' views of their child's development; clinical tests of hearing; examination of visual behavior and visual acuity; observation of developing motor skills; language/performance profiles in which any substantial unevenness or an overall low score may reveal a developmental problem. In practice the range of average ability is wide, so a distinctive feature of this book is a standardized data base in graphical form that can be used to identify readily those children (lowest 20%) who warrant further specialist investigation or treatment.

As the preface indicates, this sorely needed tool is more than a dictionary. In addition to defining terms specific to gerontology (circuit breakers, ' Detroit syndrome') and multidisciplinary terms (suicide, ' cholesterol') pertinent to gerontology, in alphabetic order, it provides one to four references for each term. . . . . Highly recommended for upper-division and graduate collections. "Choice"

Because of the different disciplines that gerontology encompasses, the definition it uses can prove bewildering to students, scholars, and practitioners. Diana Harris is the first scholar to deal with this terminology in a comprehensive manner. Reflecting multidisciplinary perspectives and introducing standardization, her dictionary offers hundreds of precisely defined terms and concepts, as well as detailed, up-to-date bibliographic information. Because of the different disciplines that gerontology encompasses, the definitions it uses can prove bewildering to students, scholars, and practitioners. Diana Harris is the first scholar to deal with this terminology in a comprehensive manner. Reflecting multidisciplinary perspectives and introducing standardization, her dictionary offers hundreds of precisely defined terms and concepts, as well as detailed, up-to-date bibliographic information.

Most of the following chapters were presented as plenary lectures or symposium talks at the 1986 XXXth Congress of the International Union of Physiological Sciences in Vancouver, B.C. A distinguished international group of endocrinologists and physiologists have contributed up-to-date reviews of their particular fields. The early chapters are largely concerned with the brain and neuroendocrine mechanisms controlling the secretion of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) and its action on the anterior pitui- tary gland. Later chapters focus on the gonads themselves and the systemic and intrinsic hormones influencing the functional cytology of ovarian and testicular cells. Such comprehensive subjects as sex differentiation, puberty, placentation and parturition are also discussed authoritatively. According to Pfaff and Cohen and Arai et al., gonadal steroids, especially estrogen, exert multiple effects on certain hypothalamic and preoptic neurons, including growth, protein synthesis and electrical changes, which promote plasticity and facilitate synaptogenesis. The electrophysio- logy of the hypothalamic GnRH pulse generator in the rhesus monkey is reviewed more specifically by Knobil. In ovariectomized ewes, Clarke finds both positive and negative effects of estrogen on hypothalamic release of GnRH as well as on pituitary responsiveness to the peptide. Flerk6 et al.

Teratology is the study of chemical-induced birth defects. This book is a comprehensive guide to the procedures and methods commonly employed in the safety testing of all classes of chemical for teratogenicity (also referred to as embryotoxicity, developmental toxicity or prenatal toxicity). The various international regulatory requirements are explained in detail, in order that the reader may perform all of the necessary studies for the successful registration or marketing authorisation of a new pharmaceutical, industrial chemical, crop protection product or food additive. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology (TM) series format, each chapter gives clear complete instructions on how to perform the task in hand. The authors are respected experts in their field, all with hands-on experience of the procedures described. Teratogenicity Testing: Methods and Protocols gives crucial guidance and tips on how to deal with unexpected results and overcome regulatory difficulties.

How did human thought evolve into the highly complex process it is today? In the field of evolutionary cognitive archaeology, cognitive science and archaeology intersect to provide a more complete and grounded picture of the mind. With the combination of cognitive theories and archaeological evidence, this burgeoning field is only beginning to tap into the potential for a better understanding of the development of specific cognitive abilities. Cognitive Models in Palaeolithic Archaeology explores hominin cognitive development by applying formal cognitive models to analyze prehistoric remains from the entire range of the Palaeolithic, from the earliest stone tools 3.3 million years ago to artistic developments that emerged 50,000 years ago. Several different cognitive models are presented, including expert cognition, information processing, material engagement theory, embodied/extended cognition, neuroaesthetics, visual resonance theory, theory of mind, and neuronal recycling. By examining archaeological remains, and thereby past activities and behavior, through the grounded lenses of these models, a mosaic pattern of human cognitive evolution emerges. This volume, authored by many leading authorities in the field of cognitive archaeology, will attract scholars and students of cognitive evolution and paleoanthropology, who will find a new understanding of hominin cognitive evolution and substantive conclusions about our hominin evolution as opportunities for further research.

This up-to-date and important new work describes the relationship between psychological and hormonal factors found in human sexual behavior across the lifespan. The author's discussion of human sexual behavior is organized according to developmental stage, starting with the fetus and concluding with senescence. Persky proposes that human sexual behavior is determined by a variety of factors, e.g. social, psychological, and endocrine, and ascertains the relative contribution of each of these factors to a range of sexual behaviors, attitudes, and feelings. Furthermore, he provides documentation that these determinants are interrelated in reciprocal fashion. In addition, by organizing his material within the Life Development model, Persky is able to present normal and abnormal psychoendocrine relationships which lead to sexual disorders.

In Neurosis and Human Growth, Dr. Horney discusses the neurotic process as a special form of the human development, the antithesis of healthy growth. She unfolds the different stages of this situation, describing neurotic claims, the tyranny or inner dictates and the neurotic's solutions for relieving the tensions of conflict in such emotional attitudes as domination, self-effacement, dependency, or resignation. Throughout, she outlines with penetrating insight the forces that work for and against the person's realization of his or her potentialities. First Published in 1950. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Carefully delineating each step in the formation of the lung, Lung Growth and Development examines prenatal and postnatal lung development...the regulation of surfactant protein gene expression and models for the analysis of epithelial gene transcription and function...cellular differentiation and the role of mesenchymal cells...airway gland growth and differentiation...growth regulation in the tracheobronchial epithelium and mucociliary differentiation...embryonic precursors of the pulmonary nervous system and the development of lung innervation...Clara cells, airway smooth muscle development, cell interactions in vessel formation, and the surfactant system...respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and compensatory lung growth...and more. Written by over 30 international experts, Lung Growth and Development is a practical guide for pulmonologists and pulmonary disease specialists, physiologists, molecular and cellular biologists, pathologists, neonatalogists and pediatricians, anatomists, pathologists, and graduate-level and medical school students in these disciplines.

This book brings together in one volume selected important topics in craniofacial growth. Topics include: principles of skeletal growth; osteogenesis and its control; formation of the cranial base and craniofacial joints; prenatal development of the facial skeleton; growth of the mandible, nasomaxillary complex, orbit, cranial base, ear capsule, and cranial vault; bone remodeling; muscles; soft tissues; and blood vessels.
Fundamentals of Craniofacial Growth contains detailed illustrations and extensive reference lists. Independently authored chapters provide comprehensive reviews encompassing both contemporary and historical perspectives. In addition to medicine and dentistry, contributors provide expertise from such diverse backgrounds as anatomy, biology, biomathematics, embryology, orthodontics, physical anthropology, and plastic and reconstructive surgery.

This important monograph summarizes a comprehensive study on the maturation of walking in normal children. Research, undertaken at one of the world's leading gait analysis centers, involved over 400 studies on a total of nearly 300 children in ten age-groups from one to seven years. Data are presented on anthropometric measurements; tests of developmental progress; time/distance parameters such as stride length and walking velocity; twelve joint angles on each side measured throughout the gait cycle; dynamic electromyography of phasic activity in seven lower-extremity muscle groups; and force measurements including vertical force, fore/aft shear, medial/lateral shear and torque. At each age, composite joint-angle graphs and time/distance parameters are brought together with film tracings of a representative child in that age group. In addition, advanced methods of statistical analysis have been applied to the joint-angle data to define prediction regions within which ninety-five percent of normal children should lie throughout the gait cycle. Finally, a 'decision tree' is presented from which a fitted age can be inferred for a subject based on non-age-specific data gathered in a motion analysis lab. Practical applications are demonstrated in a chapter devoted to two case studies.

1) Classic anatomical atlases 2) Detailed labeling of the earliest phases of prenatal nervous system development 3) Appeals to neuroanatomists, developmental biologists, and clinical practioners. 4) Persistent relevance - archival reference work that will be usable for decades.

This volume contains an expansion of the material dealt with in the first edition plus extensive updating that incorporates significant recent research. It presents an integrative view of the field of adult development as well as an orientation to research and practice for interested professionals. The material is organized around a topical approach that deals with processes within several major areas of human functioning. . . . The book is for advanced undergraduates, as it requires some sophistication on the part of the reader. An excellent addition to academic libraries, it can serve as a valuable reference and source book.

"Choice"

The book] is a distinctive contribution to the array of texts on adult development. Whitbourne's second edition is a very useful and unique addition to the existing textbooks in the field. It could well serve as a text for advanced courses on adult development, particularly with a psychosocial orientation. "Contemporary Psychology"

In this unique book emphasis is placed on tests necessary to evaluate fetal well-being and to detect those fetuses at risk of hypoxia and acidosis in utero. Written by pioneers in the neonatal field, this publication contains chapters on the pathophysiology , obstetric management, and collagen diseases of intrauterine growth retardation. Ultrasound in detection of growth retarded fetuses is explored, as well as magnetic resonance imaging and magnesium substitution for the prevention of intrauterine growth retardation. Containing never-before-published information, this volume is an excellent reference source for both investigators in the field and those entering it. Topics Include: Perinatal growth chart for international reference Ultrasound guided procedures in small for gestation fetuses Utero-placental and fetal circulation

This thorough revision of the highly successful first edition of Life-Span Development offers the reader a wide-ranging and thought-provoking account of human development throughout the life course. The life-span perspective emphasises development as a multifaceted, lifelong process that is culturally and historically embedded. In initial chapters Leonie Sugarman outlines the issues surrounding the notion of development and how it can be studied, including reviews of the work of key theorists such as Erikson, Levinson and Gould. She goes on to consider the different ways in which the life course can be construed: as a series of age-related stages; as a cumulative sequence of experiences; as a series of developmental tasks; as a series of key life events and transitions; or as a narrative construction. A final chapter looks at how people strive to cope and to promote their own development, and considers theoretical and practical issues regarding interventions to assist them in this process. New to the book is increased coverage of the topical issue of successful ageing and a detailed discussion of the increasingly popular narrative approach to life-span development. This edition is also more student-friendly with exercises in self-reflection that encourage readers to look at the development of their own lives or those of their current or future clients. Boxed material highlighting major theories and clarifying concepts is also included. This book will be invaluable for students of developmental and occupational psychology, for members of the counselling, social work and health care professions, and for those working in the fields of education and health management.

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The first volume in this new series from The Center for the Study of Child and Adolescent Development at The Pennsylvania State University focuses on the relationship between the biological stress circuits and the behavioral concomitants to stress in animals and humans. The participants at this conference, a tribute to Dean Evan G. Pattishall, Jr., discuss the developmental implications of their work in relation to the periods of infancy, childhood, and adolescence. For professionals, clinicians, and researchers in clinical, developmental, experimental, and health psychology, behavioral medicine, psychiatry, psychotherapy, and the neurosciences.

There has been an increasing interest in the application of dynamical systems to the study of development over the last decade. The explosion of the dynamical systems framework in the physical and biological sciences has opened the door to a new Zeitgeist for studying development. This appeal to dynamical systems by developmentalists is natural given the intuitive links between the established fundamental problems of development and the conceptual and operational scope of nonlinear dynamical systems. This promise of a new approach and framework within which to study development has led to some progress in recent years but also a growing appreciation of the difficulty of both fully examining the new metaphor and realizing its potential. Divided into 4 parts, this book is a result of a recent conference on dynamical systems and development held at Pennsylvania State University. The first 3 parts focus on the content domains of development that have given most theoretical and empirical attention to the potential applications of dynamical systems--physical growth and movement, cognition, and communication. These parts show that a range of nonlinear models have been applied to a host of developmental phenomena. Part 4 highlights two particular methodological issues that hold important implications for the modeling of developmental phenomena with dynamical systems techniques.

This thorough revision of the highly successful first edition of Life-Span Development offers the reader a wide-ranging and thought provoking account of human development throughout the lifespan. The lifespan approach emphasises that development does not stop when we cease to be adolescents but goes on throughout adulthood and into old age.

In initial chapters Leonie Sugarman outlines the issues surrounding the notion of development and how it can be studied, including reviews of the work of key theorists Erikson, Levinson and Gould. She goes on to consider the different ways in which the life course can be construed: as a series of age-related stages; as a cumulative sequence; as a series of developmental tasks; as a series of key life events and transitions or as a narrative construction which creates a sense of dynamic continuity. A final chapter looks at how people cope, the resources that are available and the theoretical and practical issues regarding interventions to assist them in the process.

New to this edition is increased coverage of the topical issue of successful ageing and a new chapter on the increasingly popular narrative approach to lifespan development. This edition is also more student-friendly with exercises in self-reflection that encourage the reader to look at the development of their own lives or those of their current or future clients. Boxed material highlighting major theories and clarifying concepts is also included. This book will be invaluable for students of developmental and occupational psychology and professionals in the fields of health management, education and social work.

1) Classic anatomical atlases 2) Detailed labeling of the earliest phases of prenatal nervous system development 3) Appeals to neuroanatomists, developmental biologists, and clinical practioners. 4) Persistent relevance - archival reference work that will be usable for decades.

Statistical Analysis of Human Growth and Development is an accessible and practical guide to a wide range of basic and advanced statistical methods that are useful for studying human growth and development. Designed for nonstatisticians and statisticians new to the analysis of growth and development data, the book collects methods scattered throughout the literature and explains how to use them to solve common research problems. It also discusses how well a method addresses a specific scientific question and how to interpret and present the analytic results. Stata is used to implement the analyses, with Stata codes and macros for generating example data sets, a detrended Q-Q plot, and weighted maximum likelihood estimation of binary items available on the book's CRC Press web page. After reviewing research designs and basic statistical tools, the author discusses the use of existing tools to transform raw data into analyzable variables and back-transform them to raw data. He covers regression analysis of quantitative, binary, and censored data as well as the analysis of repeated measurements and clustered data. He also describes the development of new growth references and developmental indices, the generation of key variables based on longitudinal data, and the processes to verify the validity and reliability of measurement tools. Looking at the larger picture of research practice, the book concludes with coverage of missing values, multiplicity problems, and multivariable regression. Along with two simulated data sets, numerous examples from real experimental and observational studies illustrate the concepts and methods. Although the book focuses on examples of anthropometric measurements and changes in cognitive, social-emotional, locomotor, and other abilities, the ideas are applicable to many other physical and psychosocial phenomena, such as lung function and depressive symptoms.