This volume collects various contributions from the 5th International Conference on Jets, Wakes and Separated Flows (ICJWSF2015) that took place in Stockholm during June 2015. Researchers from all around the world presented their latest results concerning fundamental and applied aspects of fluid dynamics. With its general character, the conference embraced many aspects of fluid dynamics, such as shear flows, multiphase flows and vortex flows, for instance. The structure of the present book reflects the variety of topics treated within the conference i.e. Jets, Wakes, Separated flows, Vehicle aerodynamics, Wall-bounded and confined flows, Noise, Turbomachinery flows, Multiphase and reacting flows, Vortex dynamics, Energy-related flows and a section dedicated to Numerical analyses.

This book presents flight mechanics of aircraft, spacecraft, and rockets to technical and non-technical readers in simple terms and based purely on physical principles. Adapting an accessible and lucid writing style, the book retains the scientific authority and conceptual substance of an engineering textbook without requiring a background in physics or engineering mathematics. Professor Tewari explains relevant physical principles of flight by straightforward examples and meticulous diagrams and figures. Important aspects of both atmospheric and space flight mechanics are covered, including performance, stability and control, aeroelasticity, orbital mechanics, and altitude control. The book describes airplanes, gliders, rotary wing and flapping wing flight vehicles, rockets, and spacecraft and visualizes the essential principles using detailed illustration. It is an ideal resource for managers and technicians in the aerospace industry without engineering degrees, pilots, and anyone interested in the mechanics of flight.

This outstanding thesis characterises the aerodynamic flow around a container freight train; investigating how changing container loading configurations affect the magnitude of aerodynamic forces measured on a container. 1/25th scale moving-model freight train experiments were carried out at the University of Birmingham's TRAIN rig facility to investigate slipstream velocities and static pressure, as well as measuring, using a specifically designed on-board pressure monitoring system, the aerodynamic loads on containers. Results were compared with full scale data and assessed in terms European standards for trackside worker and passenger safety limits. Rail vehicle aerodynamic studies have tended to previously focus on high speed passenger trains in line with increases in train speed. The research presented within this thesis highlights the issues associated with the aerodynamic development around a freight train, providing the foundations for further research and a basis from which to develop international safety standards in relation to freight, as well as high speed trains.

This book presents contributions to the 19th biannual symposium of the German Aerospace Aerodynamics Association (STAB) and the German Society for Aeronautics and Astronautics (DGLR). The individual chapters reflect ongoing research conducted by the STAB members in the field of numerical and experimental fluid mechanics and aerodynamics, mainly for (but not limited to) aerospace applications, and cover both nationally and EC-funded projects. Special emphasis is given to collaborative research projects conducted by German scientists and engineers from universities, research-establishments and industries. By addressing a number of cutting-edge applications, together with the relevant physical and mathematics fundamentals, the book provides readers with a comprehensive overview of the current research work in the field. Though the book's primary emphasis is on the aerospace context, it also addresses further important applications, e.g. in ground transportation and energy.

In the present volume numerous descriptions of Ram accelerators are presented. These descriptions provide good overview on the progress made and the present state of the Ram accelerator technology worldwide. In addition, articles describing light gas gun, ballistic range including a chapter dealing with shock waves in solids are given. Along with the technical description of considered facilities, samples of obtained results are also included. Each chapter is written by an expert in the described topic providing a comprehensive description of the discussed phenomena.

In Chapter One, Fujun Wang, Chaoyue Wang, Zhengjun Yang, Peijian Zhou, and Zhifeng Yao propose and examine a dynamic mixed nonlinear SGS model, with the results indicating that this wall-resolved near-wall solution could capture details more accurately. In Chapter Two, Jose Gonzalez and Jesus M. Fernandez present a study wherein the flow in a one stage, single volute centrifugal pump is examined at the Fluid Mechanics Laboratory at the Universidad de Oviedo. In Chapter Three, Hua-Shu Dou, Lulu Zheng, Zuchao Zhu, Xiaoping Chen, and Baoling Cui discuss the evolution of the separating flow and pressure variation distribution around the tongue region in a centrifugal pump. In Chapter Four, Angelo Leto discusses centrifugal pumps for liquid-propellant engines for space propulsion applications. Jamshid H. Karimov, MD, PhD, Shinji Okano, MD, and Kiyotaka Fukamachi, MD, PhD review continuous-flow mechanical circulatory support technology in Chapter Five. Next, Susanta K. Das wraps up the book with an experiment on the effect of impeller vane geometry design on the performance of a centrifugal pump.

1 Introduction.- 2 Equations of motion.- 2.1 incompressible flow.- 2.2 the Boussinesq approximation.- 2.3 coordinate system.- 3 Stability and Transition.- 3.1 stability analysis.- 3.2 Kelvin-Helmholtz instability.- 3.3 Rayleigh stability criterion.- 3.4 stability of a one-dimensional flow.- 3.5 routes to chaos.- 4 The characteristics of turbulence.- 4.1 the Burgers equation.- 4.2 phenomenology.- 4.3 experimental and numerical methods.- 5 Statistical description of turbulence.- 5.1 statistics.- 5.2 stationarity and homogeneity.- 5.3 the Reynolds equations.- 5.4 kinetic theory of momentum transfer.- 6 Turbulent flows.- 6.1 channel flow.- 6.2 mean velocity profile.- 6.3 scaling of turbulent wall flows.- 6.4 wall roughness.- 6.5 pressure gradient.- 6.6 free turbulent flows.- 6.7 the free jet.- 7 Kinetic energy.- 7.1 kinetic energy of the mean flow.- 7.2 kinetic energy of turbulence.- 7.3 Prandtl's one-equation model.- 7.4 energy equation per component.- 7.5 convective turbulence.- 7.6 the convective boundary layer.- 8 Vorticity.- 8.1 vorticity equation.- 8.2 coherent structures.- 8.3 enstrophy.- 8.4 the k- (e- ) model.- 8.5 second-order closure and algebraic stress models.- 8.6 large eddy simulation of turbulence.- 9 Correlation function and spectrum.- 9.1 time correlations.- 9.2 the spectrum.- 9.3 spatial correlations and spectra.- 9.4 the Taylor hypothesis.- 9.5 scaling of turbulence spectra.- 9.6 isotropic turbulence.- 10 Turbulent diffusion.- 10.1 statistical approach.- 10.2 the diffusion equation.- 10.3 inertial transport.- A Equations of motion.- B Special topics.- B.1 Monin-Obukhov similarity.- B.2 rapid distortion theory.- B.3 aeroacoustics.- B.4 rotating turbulence (by Herman Clercx).- B.5 drag reduction by polymer additives.- Bibliography.- Index.

Hydraulic gates are utilized in multiple capacities in modern society. As such, the failure of these gates can have disastrous consequences, and it is imperative to develop new methods to avoid these occurrences. Dynamic Stability of Hydraulic Gates and Engineering for Flood Prevention is a critical reference source containing scholarly research on engineering techniques and mechanisms to decrease the failure rate of hydraulic gates. Including a range of perspectives on topics such as fluid dynamics, vibration mechanisms, and flow stability, this book is ideally designed for researchers, academics, engineers, graduate students, and practitioners interested in the study of hydraulic gate structure.

In order to apply the damage tolerance design philosophy to design marine structures, accurate prediction of fatigue crack growth under service conditions is required. Now, more and more people have realized that only a fatigue life prediction method based on fatigue crack propagation (FCP) theory has the potential to explain various fatigue phenomena observed. In this book, the issues leading towards the development of a unified fatigue life prediction (UFLP) method based on FCP theory are addressed. Based on the philosophy of the UFLP method, the current inconsistency between fatigue design and inspection of marine structures could be resolved. This book presents the state-of-the-art and recent advances, including those by the authors, in fatigue studies. It is designed to lead the future directions and to provide a useful tool in many practical applications. It is intended to address to engineers, naval architects, research staff, professionals and graduates engaged in fatigue prevention design and survey of marine structures, in fatigue studies of materials and structures, in experimental laboratory research, in planning the repair and maintenance of existing structures, and in rule development. The book is also an effective educational aid in naval architecture, marine, civil and mechanical engineering. Prof. Weicheng Cui is the Dean of Hadal Science and Technology Research Center of Shanghai Ocean University, China. Dr. Xiaoping Huang is an associate professor of School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China. Dr. Fang Wang is an associate professor of Hadal Science and Technology Research Center of Shanghai Ocean University, China.

The state-of-the-art in fluvial hydrodynamics can be examined only through a careful exploration of the theoretical development and applied engineering technology. The book is primarily focused, since most up-to-date research findings in the field are presented, on the research aspects that involve a comprehensive knowledge of sediment dynamics in turbulent flows. It begins with the fundamentals of hydrodynamics and particle motion followed by turbulence characteristics related to sediment motion. Then, the sediment dynamics is analysed from a classical perspective by applying the mean bed shear approach and additionally incorporating a statistical description for the role of turbulence. The work finally examines the local scour problems at hydraulic structures and scale models. It is intended to design as a course textbook in graduate / research level and a guide for the field engineers as well, keeping up with modern technological developments. Therefore, as a simple prerequisite, the background of the readers should have a basic knowledge in hydraulics in undergraduate level and an understanding of fundamentals of calculus.