This book addresses the environmental, legal, social, and economic aspects of corporate social responsibility in the maritime industry. It discusses the voluntary aspects of the CSR concept and how the lines between informal and formal rules are merging and becoming fuzzy. Further, it shows how regulation is enhancing responsibility and sustainability in the maritime industry.The book gathers the experiences of the WMU, IMO, UN and public and private actors in developing and developed countries in the maritime industry.

The purpose of the legislation discussed in chapter 1 is to do the following: support national defense and the United States Merchant Marine by authorizing the Maritime Administration (MARAD) for fiscal year (FY) 2019, including the National Security Multi-Mission Vessel Program; implement Department of Transportation (DOT) Office of Inspector General (OIG) recommendations to improve protections and incident reporting related to sexual assault and harassment; improve merchant mariner training for cadets by providing additional opportunities for on-the-job experience via the Sea Year program and by supporting State Maritime Academy training vessels; and create new opportunities for domestic ship recycling by streamlining the import process. Chapter 2 discusses the National Marine Sanctuary Act, which grants the Secretary of Commerce the authority to designate areas of additional restriction and management over areas in Americas oceans and Great Lakes and their unique conservation, cultural, or historic significance. Federal agencies respond to abandoned and derelict vessels (ADV) in accordance with federal law, interagency agreements, and funding availability. Chapter 3 reviews actions federal and state agencies have taken to address ADVs in U.S. waterways. This chapter examines (1) key factors that guide how federal agencies respond to ADVs; (2) the extent federal agencies track ADVs and their expenditures for responding to them; and (3) actions states have taken to address ADVs and the factors they cite as affecting their efforts. On January 1, 2020, new, more stringent maritime emission regulations are scheduled to take effect for all ocean-going vessels as reported in chapter 4.

Chapter 1 examines the implementation of certain Coast Guard programs, including those involving performance monitoring, the Services Capital Investment Plan, and commercial fishing vessel safety. Chapter 2 discusses Coast Guard and maritime transportation programs. Chapter 3 reviews the fiscal year 2019 budget request for the Coast Guard and maritime transportation programs.

- A unique guide, based on several decades' successful experience pursuing claims for fresh produce importers and exporters. - Provides lawyers with detailed insight into what they need from their clients in order to progress their claims. - Enables underwriters to better envisage their clients' risks when drafting policy cover and considering subsequent recoveries following claim settlements. - A detailed guide for shippers and Importers to enable them to both best protect their Interests when suffering losses and to best position themselves for successful claims.

For several decades it has been widely accepted that human space exploration is the exclusive domain of government agencies. The cost of performing such missions, estimated in multiple reports to amount to hundreds of billions dollars over decades, was far beyond what private entities could afford. That arrangement seems to be changing. Buoyed by the success of its program to develop commercial cargo capabilities to support the International Space Station, NASA is becoming increasingly open to working with the private sector in its human space exploration plans. The new private-public partnership will make 'planet hopping' feasible. This book analyses the move towards planet hopping, which sees human outposts moving across the planetary dimensions, from the Moon to Near-Earth Asteroids and Mars. It critically assesses the intention to exploit space resources and how successful these missions will be for humanity. This insightful and accessible book will be of great interest to scholars and students of space policy and politics, international studies, and science and technology studies.

For centuries, warranties have played a significant role in the law of marine insurance and in this book Baris Soyer offers a comprehensive and authoritative examination of warranties in marine insurance. The book sets out the current law on marine insurance warranties as well as exploring the legal remedies available when a marine insurance warranty is breached. The third edition is brought up to date with significant discussion of recent case law including: Kosmar Villa Holidays v. Trustees of Syndicate; Pratt v Aigaion Insurance Co; Argo Systems FZE v. Liberty Insurance (Pte); The Buana Dua, The Princess of the Stars, The Nancy, and Garnat Trading & Shipping (Singapore) Pte Ltd v. Baominh Insurance Corporation with a view to identifying their impact on established legal principles. The third edition also goes on to evaluate the impact of the changes that will be introduced in this area by the Insurance Act 2015. This Act will alter the warranty regime significantly but it is also expected to have an impact on other risk alteration clauses such as condition precedents, suspensory warranties and exclusion clauses. This book is essential reading for postgraduate students and academics in international commercial law and marine insurance law as well as insurers and legal practitioners.

This is the fourth, revised and updated, edition of Geoffrey Till's Seapower: A Guide for the Twenty-first Century. The rise of the Chinese and other Asian navies, worsening quarrels over maritime jurisdiction and the United States' maritime pivot towards the Asia-Pacific region reminds us that the sea has always been central to human development as a source of resources, and as a means of transportation, information-exchange and strategic dominion. It has provided the basis for mankind's prosperity and security, and this is even more true in the early twenty-first century, with the emergence of an increasingly globalised world trading system. Navies have always provided a way of policing, and sometimes exploiting, the system. In contemporary conditions, navies, and other forms of maritime power, are having to adapt, in order to exert the maximum power ashore in the company of others and to expand the range of their interests, activities and responsibilities. While these new tasks are developing fast, traditional ones still predominate. Deterrence remains the first duty of today's navies, backed up by the need to 'fight and win' if necessary. How navies and their states balance these two imperatives will tell us a great deal about our future in this increasingly maritime century. This book investigates the consequences of all this for the developing nature, composition and functions of all the world's significant navies, and provides a guide for anyone interested in the changing and crucial role of seapower in the twenty-first century. Seapower is essential reading for all students of naval power, maritime security and naval history, and highly recommended for students of strategic studies, international security and international relations.

The Dispute Settlement Reports are the WTO authorized and paginated reports in English. They are an essential addition to the library of all practicing and academic trade lawyers and a valued resource for students worldwide taking courses in international economic or trade law. DSR 2020: Volume 3 provides the report on "United States - Countervailing Measures on Supercalendered Paper from Canada (WT/DS505)".

The Dispute Settlement Reports are the WTO authorized and paginated reports in English. They are an essential addition to the library of all practising and academic trade lawyers and a valued resource for students worldwide taking courses in international economic or trade law. DSR 2020: Volume 4 provides the reports on 'Australia - Certain Measures Concerning Trademarks, Geographical Indications and Other Plain Packaging Requirements Applicable to Tobacco Products and Packaging (WT/DS435, WT/DS441)'.

The objective of this commentary is to explain the provisions of the Montreal Convention in a succinct and concise manner for the daily practice. The history of the Montreal Convention and of the Warsaw Convention serves as important sources for interpretation. The commentary also takes into account the continental-European and US-American case law regarding the liability of air carriers for damage to passengers or goods as well as sources of European Community legislature. The commentary also considers the various ways in which countries implement the air carrier's insurance obligation. In addition to the Montreal Convention, the Montreal Convention Implementation Act, the European Council Regulation on air carrier liability in the event of accidents, the European Council Regulation on compensation and assistance to passengers in the event of denied boarding and of cancellation or long delay of flights as well as the European Council Regulation on insurance requirements for air carriers and aircraft operators are presented and explained.

The Dispute Settlement Reports are the WTO authorized and paginated reports in English. They are an essential addition to the library of all practising and academic trade lawyers and a valued resource for students worldwide taking courses in international economic or trade law. DSR 2019: Volume 5 provides the reports on "Ukraine - Anti-Dumping Measures on Ammonium Nitrate (WT/DS493)" and on "United States - Measures Affecting Trade in Large Civil Aircraft (Second Complaint) (WT/DS353)".

The book is concerned with the harmonisation of maritime safety legal systems in Europe. It describes maritime safety legal systems in selected European countries as well as maritime safety issues from the perspective of the International Maritime Organisation, European Union, and European Free Trade Association. Distinguished scholars from Europe's leading maritime law academic centres present national perspectives of maritime safety systems, questioning whether the adopted national solutions guarantee the compatibility with IMO and EU legal regime, as well as assessing the global and EU system. Moreover, the book seeks to provide some answers as to whether the IMO goals on maritime safety are adequate in light of current safety challenges and how to achieve higher level of enforcement of internationally-recognised maritime safety standards. It will be of great assistance to those readers who need to familiarize themselves with current problems inherent in maritime safety, whether that be lawyers, scholars, professional mariners, or national institutions.

Now in its eighth edition, this classic text is a first point of reference for anyone looking to obtain an understanding of chartering and shipbroking practice. It provides hands-on, commercially-focused explanations of chartering business and invaluable advice on how the shipping market operates across a broad range of topics. The authors also deal expertly with the legal, financial, operational and managerial aspects of chartering, offering numerous case studies which clearly link theory to practice. This new edition has been fully revised and updated to reflect the current trends in chartering practice, legal developments and standard forms of charterparties. New to this edition: Enriched with practical examples covering crucial aspects of chartering and shipbroking business, such as voyage estimations, freight conversions and tanker calculations. New material on day-to-day laytime principles, including "Laytime Definitions for Charterparties 2013", associated commentary and relevant examples. Shipping Marketing as a modern tool of improving chartering and shipbroking business. Expanded coverage of the economic background of chartering, including markets, vessels, cargoes, trades and fixtures. Freight rates for all vessel types from 1980 to 2015. Updated review of well-known standard charterparty documents (including NYPE 2015), together with clauses and wordings commonly applying to various charter types. Analytical glossary containing typical terms and abbreviations used in chartering negotiations. This book is an essential guide for practitioners in private practice and in-house for shipowners and cargo houses, as well as those studying shipbroking and chartering.

The proposed book draws on the on-going South China Sea dispute, and the multifaceted challenges wrought by the South China Sea issue that requires an inter-disciplinary perspective. It employs legal-analytical methods, to emphasize the nuances of the role and interpretation of international law and treaties by China in different periods, while taking into account policy and strategic concerns, which generally cast great sways in decision-making. The re-introduction of interdisciplinary concerns straddling law and history illustrates that the historical dimension, which has long been neglected, is an emerging concern that poses looming dangers that may unexpectedly radicalize the friction. Contributing to debunking the mystique wrought by confrontations between a historical and a law-dominated perspective, these perspectives are supported by a more nuanced analytical framework, featuring theoretical concerns with a tinge of practicality. The South China Sea Dispute aims to unveil a nuanced evolution of the issue with a confluence of inter-temporal law, policy and maritime practices in the South China Sea.

Unmanned aerial systems (UAS) are aircraft that do not carry a pilot aboard, but instead operate on pre-programmed routes or are manually controlled by following commands from pilot-operated ground control stations. Unauthorised UAS operations have, in some instances, compromised safety. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 directed FAA to take actions to safely integrate UASs into the national airspace. In response, FAA developed a phased approach to facilitate integration and established test sites among other things. This book addresses the status of FAA's progress toward safe integration of UASs into the national airspace; research and development support from FAA's test sites and other resources; and how other countries have progressed toward UAS integration into their airspace for commercial purposes.

The Dispute Settlement Reports are the WTO authorized and paginated reports in English. They are an essential addition to the library of all practising and academic trade lawyers and a valued resource for students worldwide taking courses in international economic or trade law. DSR 2020: Volume 1 provides the reports on 'Morocco - Anti-Dumping Measures on Certain Hot-Rolled Steel from Turkey (WT/DS513)' and on 'Australia - Anti-Dumping Measures on A4 Copy Paper (WT/DS529)'.

In February 2015, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) adopted an order that will impose rules governing the management of Internet traffic as it passes over broadband Internet access services (BIAS), whether those services are fixed or wireless. The rules are commonly known as "net neutrality" rules. The order was released in March 2015. According to the order, the rules ban the blocking of legal content, forbid paid prioritisation of affiliated or proprietary content, and prohibit the throttling of legal content by broadband Internet access service providers (BIAS providers). The rules are subject to reasonable network management, as that term is defined by the FCC. This book discusses selected legal issues raised by FCC's 2015 open internet order, and examines the net neutrality debate.

This book discusses in a concise manner the key aspects that are important for the understanding of regulations and managerial framework governing marine pollution. It identifies the practical context in which marine pollution comes into play and addresses the international legal regime governing the numerous sources of marine pollution, as well as the ways in which these regulations affect the conduct of day-to-day shipping operations. With illustrations, case studies, emphasis boxes, references to case law and to national jurisdictions and other tools facilitating understanding and knowledge, readers will find helpful guidance on: the sources of marine pollution (including ship-source pollution and pollution from the offshore oil and gas sector); the forms of cooperation needed in order to tackle the prevention, management and response to marine pollution; overview of MARPOL Convention, other key IMO conventions, and selected regional regimes; legal ramifications, including P & I Clubs and limitation of liability; involvement of the flag State, coastal State and port State; industry best practice; the human element Marine Pollution Control will be a useful guidance tool for shipping Industry professionals, (P & I) Clubs, Legal practitioners, maritime administrators, as well as academics and students of marine pollution.

In the popular imagination, space is the final frontier. Will that frontier be a wild west, or will it instead be treated as the oceans are: as a global commons, where commerce is allowed to flourish and no one country dominates? At this moment, nations are free to send missions to Mars or launch space stations. Space satellites are vital to many of the activities that have become part of our daily lives-from weather forecasting to GPS and satellite radio. The militaries of the United States and a host of other nations have also made space a critical arena-spy and communication satellites are essential to their operations. Beginning with the Reagan administration and its attempt to create a missile defense system to protect against attack by the Soviet Union, the U.S. military has decided that the United States should be the dominant power in space in order to protect civilian and defense assets. In Heavenly Ambitions, Joan Johnson-Freese draws from a myriad of sources to argue that the United States is on the wrong path: first, by politicizing the question of space threats and, second, by continuing to believe that military domination in space is the only way to protect U.S. interests in space. Johnson-Freese, who has written and lectured extensively on space policy, lays out her vision of the future of space as a frontier where nations cooperate and military activity is circumscribed by arms control treaties that would allow no one nation to dominate-just as no one nation's military dominates the world's oceans. This is in the world's interest and, most important, in the U.S. national interest.

The freedom of the seas -- meaning both the oceans of the world and coastal waters -- has been among the most contentious issues in international law for the past four hundred years. The most influential argument in favour of freedom of navigation, trade, and fishing was that put forth by the Dutch theorist Hugo Grotius in his 1609 Mare Liberum'. The Free Sea' was originally published in order to buttress Dutch claims of access to the lucrative markets of the East Indies. It had been composed as the twelfth chapter of a larger work, De Jure Praedae' (On the Law of Prize and Booty'), which Grotius had written to defend the Dutch East India Company's capture in 1603 of a rich Portuguese merchant ship in the Straits of Singapore. This new edition publishes the only translation of Grotius's masterpiece undertaken in his own lifetime -- a work left in manuscript by the English historian and promoter of overseas exploration Richard Hakluyt (1552-1616). This volume also contains William Welwod's critque of Grotius (reprinted for the first time since the seventeenth century) and Grotius's reply to Welwod. Taken together, these documents provide an indispensable introduction to modern ideas of sovereignty and property as they emerged from the early-modern tradition of natural law.

The Dispute Settlement Reports are the WTO authorized and paginated reports in English. They are an essential addition to the library of all practising and academic trade lawyers and a valued resource for students worldwide taking courses in international economic or trade law. DSR 2020: Volume 2 provides the report on 'Russia - Measures Affecting the Importation of Railway Equipment and Parts Thereof (WT/DS499)'.

This book presents a comparative study on various issues regarding legal aspects of cruises - mainly, the importance of the cruise business, the impact of cruise tourism, general and specific rules applicable to cruises, liability issues, cruise passengers as consumers, package travel, labor rules for cruise workers, relevant rules on ports (e.g. on taxes, costs and rates charged to cruises in different ports), rules on the environmental impact of cruises, jurisdiction, arbitration, and choice of law in cruise contracts, and general conditions used by companies offering cruise services - in order to identify the current sources of law on these matters and determine whether or not they are appropriate and sufficient. Combining a general report with individual national reports, the book offers not only a general overview, but also the perspectives of selected jurisdictions in the Americas, Europe and Asia, namely: Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria, Germany, Japan, Poland, Romania, Spain, Turkey, the United States, and Uruguay.

Chinese as well as European regulatory decisions need to consider regional particularities but insist on an implementation system that never loses sight of its goal. In the area of electronic communications policy, this goal is the establishment of a market environment that ensures innovation, high quality and affordable prices. The present survey aims at improving the process of knowledge exchange between European and Chinese experts and decision-makers in Information Society law and policy. The EU-China Information Society Project asked the authors to assess both the EU's and the Chinese status quo, and to bring together both perspectives together in a joint effort to learn from the EU experiences for the Chinese decision-making process today.

The rise of 'smart' - or technologically advanced - cities has been well documented, while governance of such technology has remained unresolved. Integrating surveillance, AI, automation, and smart tech within basic infrastructure as well as public and private services and spaces raises a complex set of ethical, economic, political, social, and technological questions. The Governing Knowledge Commons (GKC) framework provides a descriptive lens through which to structure case studies examining smart tech deployment and commons governance in different cities. This volume deepens our understanding of community governance institutions, the social dilemmas communities face, and the dynamic relationships between data, technology, and human lives. For students, professors, and practitioners of law and policy dealing with a wide variety of planning, design, and regulatory issues relating to cities, these case studies illustrate options to develop best practice. Available through Open Access, the volume provides detailed guidance for communities deploying smart tech.