This study provides insights into the logistics sector in Mongolia and its relationship to international trade, domestic trade, and freight movement throughout the country. It also looks at case studies and examples of logistics and transport solutions from other countries that are relevant to Mongolia. Recommendations may be used by policy makers, as well as nongovernment organizations and industry associations to delve deeper into some of the key areas of the trade and logistics sector in Mongolia, and take steps to make improvements.

The book responds to the dissonance between the increase of commercial outer space activities and the absence of any legal framework in India. While holding a great promise, international space law remains a stable principle that the launching country is liable for any damage caused by outer space activities. The quantity of risk increases more when outer space is used not only by the sovereign states but also by non-governmental entities for commercial benefit. Both the municipal and international law accepted that money damages should compensate the harm. Therefore, allocation of the liability must be shared by the actual wrong doer. State practices are developed for the allocation of liability with non-governmental entities. The argument attacks the substance and structure of space policy in India, undermining claims as to its effectiveness and even sustainability. In responding to these challenges, this book uses analytical and comparative methods with the dynamic processes such as interview (structured and unstructured) to address the central question of basis and fundamental framework of space law in India. The objective of the thesis is to develop a plausible normative framework in India relating to commercial outer space activities. This normative framework provides a platform for exiting international legal norm and practices, as well as the basis of alternative understanding of international space law and the potential response to those problems, which are coherent and consistent with the use of outer space commercially by any country. The book offers three inter related conclusions. First, it identifies the international legal norms as the basis for the development of national legal framework in India. Secondly, it demonstrates those state practices developed by space-advanced nations who adopted national space legislation for the promotion and control of commercial outer space activities, and provides a useful legal framework background for adoption of domestic legal framework in India. Thirdly, it develops a normative framework for the commercial outer space activities in India.

New Technologies, Artificial Intelligence and Shipping Law in the 21st Century consists of edited versions of the papers delivered at the Institute of International Shipping and Trade Law's 14th International Colloquium at Swansea Law School in September 2018. Written by a combination of top academics and highly experienced legal practitioners, these papers have been carefully co-ordinated to give the reader a first-class insight into the issues surrounding new technology and shipping. The book is set out in three parts: Part I offers a detailed and critical analysis of issues that are emerging, and those that are likely to emerge, from the use of advanced computer technology, particularly at the contracting process and in the context of issuing trading documents. Part 2 focusses on artificial intelligence and discusses the contemporary issues that will emerge once autonomous ships and similar crafts are put to use in the world's oceans. As well as this, the legal impact of ports utilising artificial intelligence and computer technology will also be considered. Part 3 analyses how the increasing use of legal technology is changing insurance underwriting and shipping litigation. An invaluable guide to the recent technological advances in shipping, this book is vital reading for both professional and academic readers.

This publication outlines key steps to launching the national single window platform in Maldives. The Asian Development Bank, as part of the South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation program, is helping Maldives implement a national single window environment for international trade, which will facilitate communication between the public and private sectors, and improve ease of doing business. Maldives is a geographically dispersed island nation with a blue economy. Establishing seamless communication between cross-border regulatory agencies, traders, and government ministries can reduce the time and cost of importing and exporting goods, and strengthen the business environment.

This publication explores how Nepal could boost its exports by addressing nontariff barriers to trade. It focuses on sanitary and phytosanitary measures and technical barriers to trade, and identifies export products that have potential for an increased market share in Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, and Sri Lanka. It also examines the regulatory environment and demonstrates the need to upgrade quality standards and laboratory equipment, and strengthen accrediting and assessment bodies. The publication recommends how the public and private sectors can overcome these barriers.

The trade patterns of Maldives within South Asia, particularly with regard to Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, and Sri Lanka, were examined and a gap analysis was conducted on relevant legal structures, institutional frameworks, and infrastructure. Specific trade-hindering nontariff measures applied to the potential export products are identified and prioritized recommendations to address them are also proposed.

A major non-technical challenge of space activities is ensuring productive cooperation, communication, and understanding between the engineers who design the mission and the space lawyers who cover its relevant legal aspects. Though both groups usually attain some level of understanding, it is only achieved after many years of experience in the space industry and through repeated contact with topics relevant to their projects. A basic understanding of the most important legal and technical aspects acquired earlier in their careers can facilitate better cooperation and more efficient development of space projects. Promoting Productive Cooperation Between Space Lawyers and Engineers is a pivotal reference source that provides vital insights into basic legal and technical topics and challenges that occur while planning and conducting typical space activities. The book uses high-profile space missions as examples and highlights the major technical aspects of these missions and the legal issues applied to these missions. While highlighting topics such as planetary settlements, policy perspectives, and suborbital spaceflight, this publication is ideally designed for lawyers, engineers, academicians, students, and professionals.

Anyone who deals with shipping disputes requires access to a mass of source materials. These include international conventions, statutes and statutory instruments, arbitration rules, and the most commonly encountered bills of lading, charterparties, insurance clauses, guarantees and other contracts. Details of the parties to the international conventions are also required. The Shipping Law Handbook collects all this material in one convenient and easy-to-use volume. The Handbook deals with the following areas: arrest, jurisdiction and applicable law; arbitration; limitation of liability; cargo claims; collision; marine insurance; oil pollution; salvage, toward and general average; standard forms. Each section has an introduction which gives a brief overview of the materials included, setting them in their context, and noting probably future developments. The Handbook has been fully revised for this sixth edition. New items include: the European Judgments Regulation (Recast) 2012, the LMAA Terms 2017, the Insurance Act 2015, the York-Antwerp Rules 2016, the Inter-Club Agreement 1996 (amended 2011), Barecon 2017, Congenbill 2016, NYPE 2015 and updated lists of parties to international conventions. The Handbook is a highly practical work, which anyone involved in shipping will wish to keep conveniently to hand. It is an essential reference work for shipping lawyers, arbitrators, P&I Clubs and their correspondents, shipowners, ship masters, agents and brokers.