The Self-Fashioning of Oliver Cromwell provides a close analysis of Cromwell's letters and speeches. It assesses the influence of Cromwell's Puritan faith, and evaluates Cromwell's role in the main public arenas of his life. The work also examines the significance of the title 'Lord Protector', and discusses Cromwell's acceptance of that title. Self-fashioning theory is employed to highlight the ways in which Cromwell fashioned himself in opposition to threatening Others. The book also discusses the ways in which the parameters of Cromwell's time, such as the religious and political environment, influenced his self-fashioning. The final chapter explores the relationship between Cromwell's self-fashioning and his public image. This book will be of interest to historians, to literary scholars, for those concerned with self-fashioning, and to the general reader.

Artistic accomplishment was an important social and cultural skill for young women of the elite and aristocratic classes in the eighteenth century. Georgiana Keate, the subject of this book, is an example of just such an accomplished young woman. Using the previously unknown diaries of Georgiana, and other contemporary sources, to reconstruct her life and to illustrate her artistic education, this book compares her experience with other young women of her class at this time. Also considered are Georgiana's experiences with professional and amateur artists of this period such as Angelica Kauffman and Mary Delany, together with her connections within the artistic and literary circles of this time. Integral to her artistic endeavours is her father, the amateur artist and poet George Keate. Her marriage to the amateur artist John Henderson caused upset within the family, but Georgiana happily swapped her artistic life for that of wife and mother. This overview of a female amateur artist should be of interest to students of art, social and women's history of the 18th and 19th centuries.

Drug, alcohol, sex, relationships, togetherness, loneliness, literature, obscenity, homosexuality, wandering, homelessness, art, thousands of corrupted angels, freedom, limitation, liberation, friendship, poetry, a movement. The spell that Beat literature still casts upon us originates in the elementary: our human wish for being free from human limitations. Is spiritual liberation a state that can be reached at all? Howl has the answer in it. After presenting a historical, social and literal glimpse into the era of the American Beat generation, this book offers a guide to the Beat bible that is Howl by Allen Ginsberg. The main motif along which the work analyzes Ginsberg's poem is spiritual liberation. Though apparently the Beats seem to be free from for example society, it is quesionable whether they could find their wished state of perfect freedom. The spell of Ginsberg is especially powerfull in our world of apparently no limits where all the fights had already been fought instead of us. If only we could be our own freedom fighters, too.

Voices of teachers participating in an abrupt curricular change over two years shed light on the complexities of teacher change processes, tracing the interplay of issues of teachers' knowledge and experience on change. Qualitative analysis revealed that teachers\ experience of change was mediated by: their instructional biographies, the amount of control they held over their teaching, how teachers' prior practices and understandings were valued and, the varying levels of support provided. Findings reinforce the complexity of the change process which is mediated by an interplay of factors and deviate from current literature portraying teachers as resistant to change. Rather, the ways in which teachers reacted and responded to the changes are highlighted. Findings suggest teachers' change processes are mediated by the way in which their own knowledge and experiences are respected. Teachers, rather than resisting change, want support and time to develop deeper understandings of the change and literacy development. The focus must shift from teaching teachers to implement a particular method to increasing their understandings of how literacy develops.

The present research paper may be an excellent guide for those readers who are interested in John Fowles' outstanding narrative techniques and unique view of life. His well-known book The Collector brings together two totally different world-views and unique elements in many ways. Thus, this book has the aim of providing a general analysis of the Fowlesian art, covering different themes and topics, as well as writing techniques. As most of the authors, Fowles also puts 'himself' in his books in different ways, like dreams, concerns and emotions, which also serve as a point of analysis of this research paper. The odd relationship between the author and the film version of the novel, as well as the filming process are also examined in the book. As Fowles' outstanding book enchants the readers from page to page, thus this book does the same by providing an overall analysis on the unique world created by John Fowles.

A Paleya is a type of historical and exegetical writing compiled by Byzantine and Orthodox Slavic authors, and in some redactions taking on a strong anti-Judaic polemic character. This research deals with the Paleya in general, and with the Hilandar manuscript of the Tolkovaya Paleya of 1633 in particular, which so far has been completely neglected. The author presents all types of the Paleya, and offers an overview of the scholarly research to date with some critical remarks. He demonstrates how the Paleya served as the substitute for the Old Testament and was helpful in the liturgical field. It was an encyclopaedic companion that offered a comprehensive worldview and guidelines for further reflection, rather than a handbook for the fight against the Jews and Judaism. The second chapter is the edited Slavonic text of the story of original sin with a parallel English translation, while the third chapter is a commentary on it, exploring its relation to the Bible, genre aspects in the text, and its sources, including the apocrypha and the patristic tradition. Researchers of Old Slavonic literature and medieval anti-Semitism, as well as Biblicists will find the book truly absorbing.

Traditional instruction in the social studies has been content rather than process oriented, concentrating on the lower level thinking skills. With coverage of the culture and history of the fifty United States, "Reading the Fifty States" offers librarians and teachers the tools to encourage higher order thinking skills. Students read novels set in each of the states and participate in targeted reader-response activities that are process oriented, develop higher cognitive skills, and spark creativity. Helpful tools include 200 booktalks (4 for each state), lists of other recommended titles for each state, a fact sheet, a listing of the national standards covered, and a plethora of reproducible, reader-response activities directly linked to national standards in language arts and social studies. Grades 3-6

Reading culture has a dual meaning: the way in which people read (make sense of) images of culture and the reading culture of a community (the conditions in which readers and texts exist together). In the contemporary reading environment, understanding of the depictions of culture found in a novel is influenced by publicity and promotion, educational institutions, book stores, funding bodies and other links between the reading public and the production and sale of books. This study draws on translation theory to show that all of these interested parties act as translators of the text, making it available and comprehensible to new readers. Using contemporary Australian fiction, this examination of the movement of culturally-specific texts from their places of origin into other cultural markets will show that no text is read without some form of translation. This highlights hitherto unexplored aspects of the marketing of fiction, and the nature of reading cultures, which will interest authors, readers, publishers and translators, along with the many funding bodies who support them.

More than 20 years before his death, Beat poet Bob Kaufman (1925 - 1986) took a vow of silence that he honored for all but a handful of his remaining years. Unfortunately, this silence has seemingly made it easy to dismiss Kaufman in favor of self-promoting Beats such as Allen Ginsberg and Jack Kerouac. A growing number of scholars, however, are taking the time to reexamine the poetry of Bob Kaufman. As they do, they propose various explanations for his silence, which infects both his poetry and his biography. This book offers a new theory. It argues for a historical reading. It posits that Kaufman uses silence to respond to the oppressive conformity of the mid-twentieth century. By remaining obscure, Kaufman rejects the suburban middle-class value system of the time and prohibits the reader from placing him within taxonomies based on class, race, and gender. As such, Kaufman forces the reader to start from scratch when asking questions about identity. Jazz, then, becomes the ideal tool for Kaufman because it works through spontaneity and improvisation and the defeat of embedded forms and structures.

Wang Shuo established a new discursive space written from the perspective of the liumang or "player" within the burgeoning pop culture of the late 1980s. Wang Shuo"s roles as a cultural mirror and a social agent are not mutually exclusive, but interact with each other in a complex dialogue involving a number of social and political actors. Re-articulating Literary Dissent seeks to explore the implications of the term "literary dissent" during the late-1980s in China by examining Wang Shuo"s 1989 novel, Playing for Thrills. After an extensive examination of the novel, the analysis concludes that it is subversive of the ideology of the literary and the political establishment, arguing for the fickle use of the term "literary dissent" and the inconsistency with which it is used. Labeling something as literary dissent - a rhetorical move to transform artists into political pawns - illuminates more the political motives of the powers who use it than the potentially subversive nature of the works which the term is used to describe. Inconsistent politicization of the term destabilizes its authority and makes visible the political manipulations of representation that inform its use.

Bob Dylan's mastery of the pen is a perennial source of intrigue to fans and scholars alike. Here, the author explores various functions of figurative language in Dylan's 1960s lyrics. Focusing on the period in which the artist rose to fame as a critically acclaimed performer and songwriter, this book reveals matters of metaphor and tropology to be at the very heart of the constant changes and artistic metamorphoses so characteristic of Dylan's career. Founded on influential modern accounts of metaphor in literary theory, the study follows certain key recurring metaphors as the usage evolves through Dylan's 1960s works. Through the book, the author traces these changes in the deployment of metaphor, from its origins as a foremost rhetorical tool in Dylan's "topical" lyrics, towards functioning as a self-reflective literary device in his later "psychedelic" phase. As an academic approach to a popular theme, the work should be of interest to scholars interested in the workings of metaphor in literature, and song lyrics in particular, as well as to those who crave further insight into the lyrical universe of one of the most acclaimed lyricists in popular music.

Human nature has always been a mystery. Whether we are conducted by individual impulses or subject to a greater force called destiny? We have our assumptions but no one knows the answer indeed. Christopher Marlowe lived in a time when religious dogmas overwhelmed society - nevertheless, the rebellious playwright raised some of the burning questions we would never dare to ask about. He realised that the case should not be simply about original sin but it has to say something about our wavering nature and inherent possibilities as well. The rumours and taboos left the people in a quandary but at the same time, the Elizabethan era was labelled by the increasing power of self-consciousness. Marlowe gives an analysis about this dual characteristic in his play Doctor Faustus confronting the basic tenets of Calvin, Luther, Erasmus and such. Whether Faustus is guilty or not? He is not attempting to give an overall answer - all he does is depicting a great personality who is destroyed by his own passion and ambition. Marlowe detects the pros and cons just as we do if we seek after self-knowledge. This book is for those who are the same.

Literature textbooks used in secondary schools in Alberta reflect the belief that not only does literature have the power to change and shape our thinking, but also that the non-White voices of the culture need to be heard if Canada is to become a country which truly welcomes and values cultural diversity. The realization that many high school students in the Crowsnest Pass area of Southern Alberta held negative stereotypes about Canadian Aboriginal people prompted this study which measured how effective studying literature written by Aboriginal writers was in reducing prejudice. Within each grade, individual students showed significant attitude changes. In all grades, female students had significantly lower scores than males, both pre - and post-test, evidence that there are perhaps different stages of moral development in females than males. Qualitative data revealed an increased understanding of Aboriginal issues and student attempts to view the world from a non-White perspective. This study documents successful and unsuccessful methods of combating racism in the classroom and will be valuable to teachers and all those planning to work with children.

This book investigates the relationships between chaos theory, feminism, and postmodern literary theory, based on two premises. On the one hand, it considers the traditional view of hermetically distinct fields and disciplines no longer corresponding to what we may call postmodern experience. It articulates chaos theory as a conceptual background at the 'crossroads' of various paths within the culture. On the other hand, the work takes an approach which assumes that chaos theory is a concrete manifestation of a broader cultural phenomenon called 'the paradigm of chaos'. This paradigm is present in various sites and disciplines within the culture (including poststructuralism, chaos theory, as well as various aspects of feminist theorizing). The book hopes to demonstrate that chaos theory is not only significant in itself, articulating basic assumptions about the ontological status of contemporary science, shifting away from the principles characterizing modern science, such as order, prediction, and reduction, but it renders itself to various appropriations in diverse areas, such as literary and feminist theories.

Jack London lived in a period of rapid industrial expansion and the rise of corporations, banks, and department stores. Born in poverty, he saw something else, too: filthy slums, exhausted labourers, and struggling families. Like others, he could have been a victim? Instead, he became a successful writer. His readings directed his way of thinking and writing towards realism and naturalism. This book deals with the examination of the naturalistic elements in two of London's works: Martin Eden (1909) and "The White Silence" (1899). Martin Eden is the story of a young working class man who becomes a writer, hoping to win a high society girl's heart and to be a part of the bourgeoisie. The trio of "The White Silence" have to cope with the cruel laws of nature in order to survive in the remote, vast land of the Yukon. The two different genres and landscapes have been selected deliberately in order to prove London's versatility and his accuracy in documentating the world around him.

Nation and identity are two of the catchwords of cultural politics. Discourses related to these concepts have ever been especially pertinent to Scotland, owing to the nations complex relationship with England. Throughout the intricate political affairs that bound these nations to one another, Scotland has looked for distinctive ways to express itself, resulting in displays of national identity peppered with Scottish images. While their representations vary, their continued use proves them to be vital to the nations imagination. This study examines the concept of national identity in Scottish literature of the twentieth century by focusing on the portrayal of aspects of national relevance and their contribution to the creation of Scottishness in selected novels by Lewis Grassic Gibbon, Muriel Spark and Alasdair Gray. The representations of Scottish identity that are explored in the texts are not the images of a common national ideal, nor are they standards to which the images must conform in order to be Scottish. This study rather evaluates various facets which provide the space of the discourses that constitute national identity.

Do they ""get it""? Are students mastering information literacy? ACRL's standards for information literacy provide a solid foundation to help faculty and librarians establish the context for learning. Neely, a top information literacy expert, frames these ACRL standards as benchmarks and provides a toolbox of assessment strategies to demonstrate students' learning. Sharing best practices and actual sample assessments, these proven materials and programs: represent best practices from 27 institutions (US, Canadian, Australian); exemplify the best library-related assignments to strengthen information literacy skills; offer proven tips for incorporating the five ACRL standards into instruction; go beyond the classroom, with insights on partnering with teachers and administrators; and, explain the basics of automating assessments.

The idea and image of Englishness has changed a lot within the last decades. As Yasmin Alibhai-Brown has memorably observed, modern Britain is "more reflected in multiracial families, curry and the fiction of Zadie Smith than the Royal family, fish and chips, and Shakespeare?." This book analyses the works of two mixed-race English writers: Hanif Kureishi and Zadie Smith. Hanif Kurishi's novel The Buddha of Suburbia was published in 1990, Zadie Smith's debut novel White Teeth a decade later in 2000. Both authors deal with questions of identity, racism and cultural hybridity amongst second- and third-generation immigrants living in England. The aim of this book is to show how the images of Englishness and the attitude towards hybridity have changed between 1990 and 2000. Whereas Kureishi's novel focuses primarily on racism, Smith portrays millennial London as a city where hybridity - either by birth or by experience - is an integral part of everyday life.