Artistic accomplishment was an important social and cultural skill for young women of the elite and aristocratic classes in the eighteenth century. Georgiana Keate, the subject of this book, is an example of just such an accomplished young woman. Using the previously unknown diaries of Georgiana, and other contemporary sources, to reconstruct her life and to illustrate her artistic education, this book compares her experience with other young women of her class at this time. Also considered are Georgiana's experiences with professional and amateur artists of this period such as Angelica Kauffman and Mary Delany, together with her connections within the artistic and literary circles of this time. Integral to her artistic endeavours is her father, the amateur artist and poet George Keate. Her marriage to the amateur artist John Henderson caused upset within the family, but Georgiana happily swapped her artistic life for that of wife and mother. This overview of a female amateur artist should be of interest to students of art, social and women's history of the 18th and 19th centuries.

A Paleya is a type of historical and exegetical writing compiled by Byzantine and Orthodox Slavic authors, and in some redactions taking on a strong anti-Judaic polemic character. This research deals with the Paleya in general, and with the Hilandar manuscript of the Tolkovaya Paleya of 1633 in particular, which so far has been completely neglected. The author presents all types of the Paleya, and offers an overview of the scholarly research to date with some critical remarks. He demonstrates how the Paleya served as the substitute for the Old Testament and was helpful in the liturgical field. It was an encyclopaedic companion that offered a comprehensive worldview and guidelines for further reflection, rather than a handbook for the fight against the Jews and Judaism. The second chapter is the edited Slavonic text of the story of original sin with a parallel English translation, while the third chapter is a commentary on it, exploring its relation to the Bible, genre aspects in the text, and its sources, including the apocrypha and the patristic tradition. Researchers of Old Slavonic literature and medieval anti-Semitism, as well as Biblicists will find the book truly absorbing.

Reading culture has a dual meaning: the way in which people read (make sense of) images of culture and the reading culture of a community (the conditions in which readers and texts exist together). In the contemporary reading environment, understanding of the depictions of culture found in a novel is influenced by publicity and promotion, educational institutions, book stores, funding bodies and other links between the reading public and the production and sale of books. This study draws on translation theory to show that all of these interested parties act as translators of the text, making it available and comprehensible to new readers. Using contemporary Australian fiction, this examination of the movement of culturally-specific texts from their places of origin into other cultural markets will show that no text is read without some form of translation. This highlights hitherto unexplored aspects of the marketing of fiction, and the nature of reading cultures, which will interest authors, readers, publishers and translators, along with the many funding bodies who support them.

Bob Dylan's mastery of the pen is a perennial source of intrigue to fans and scholars alike. Here, the author explores various functions of figurative language in Dylan's 1960s lyrics. Focusing on the period in which the artist rose to fame as a critically acclaimed performer and songwriter, this book reveals matters of metaphor and tropology to be at the very heart of the constant changes and artistic metamorphoses so characteristic of Dylan's career. Founded on influential modern accounts of metaphor in literary theory, the study follows certain key recurring metaphors as the usage evolves through Dylan's 1960s works. Through the book, the author traces these changes in the deployment of metaphor, from its origins as a foremost rhetorical tool in Dylan's "topical" lyrics, towards functioning as a self-reflective literary device in his later "psychedelic" phase. As an academic approach to a popular theme, the work should be of interest to scholars interested in the workings of metaphor in literature, and song lyrics in particular, as well as to those who crave further insight into the lyrical universe of one of the most acclaimed lyricists in popular music.

This book investigates the relationships between chaos theory, feminism, and postmodern literary theory, based on two premises. On the one hand, it considers the traditional view of hermetically distinct fields and disciplines no longer corresponding to what we may call postmodern experience. It articulates chaos theory as a conceptual background at the 'crossroads' of various paths within the culture. On the other hand, the work takes an approach which assumes that chaos theory is a concrete manifestation of a broader cultural phenomenon called 'the paradigm of chaos'. This paradigm is present in various sites and disciplines within the culture (including poststructuralism, chaos theory, as well as various aspects of feminist theorizing). The book hopes to demonstrate that chaos theory is not only significant in itself, articulating basic assumptions about the ontological status of contemporary science, shifting away from the principles characterizing modern science, such as order, prediction, and reduction, but it renders itself to various appropriations in diverse areas, such as literary and feminist theories.

The 1990s saw a climax of adaptations of novels previously accepted into the American literary canon, while television and radio marketed literature through book clubs and literary shows. This book argues that the U.S. mediatized literature of the 1990s constitutes a post-modern re-enactment of the traditional oral literature that initially emerged on U.S. territory with minority pre-literate populations. While existing scholarship acknowledges the impact of the oral tradition on written literature and sporadically discusses fiction to film translations, this study demonstrates the traditional oral features and functions of the mediatized literature and aesthetically validates this type of literature based on theories of the linguistic sign, the Bakhtinian dialogic system, and the Jungian concept of the collective unconsciousness among others. Literature and media scholars will be intrigued to discover that mediatized literature is yet another product of globalization, and avid consumers of literature will find this book a valuable resource for understanding the commercial and political levers that predicate the production, dissemination, and consumption of mediatized literature.

Not even Joseph Conrad might have thought that his novel, Nostromo, will be so topical at the beginning of the 21st century as it was more than a hundred years ago. It was first published in 1904, but it seems that the fundamental problems of the world have not changed during the last century. The novel's central concern, material interests and its impact on people and politics, is an invariably exciting topic to study. Conrad's masterpiece, however, is so complex that the message can only be understood if the upper layers of the adventurous story are ripped. And this is the aim of this book. It deals with the political aspects of Conrad's novel and tries to dig deep into the main thoughts and concerns of the story to deduce general ideas from the complicated structures. The mission of the work is to prove that material interests have a serious effect on human personality and from a wider perspective, it can even change the social and political matters of a whole country. The last chapter contains some pedagogical ideas on employing authentic literature in TEFL classes.

Cultural hybrids like Kim often have trouble with identifying himself with either the blood or the culture. Located in the colonial context, Kipling is often defined as a patriot who glorifies the British Empire in the way he represents Indian cultures in the eyes of the colonizer. However, in Kim, it seems that there are more complexities in the protagonist's swings among India, Lama, and the Secret Agent as well as his spiritual quest with Teshoo Lama. The binary opposition of the colonizer and the colonized has been subtly switched with Kim's multiple role-playings. If read merely as a political propaganda, a cultural hybrid like Kim would never be as appealing as what is seen a cultural stereotype to us today...

Why is Shakespeare's Antony and Cleopatra so much neglected compared to Romeo and Juliet? If one looks at the plot, one can find an abundance of similarities, among which the most important is the climax of both dramas, i.e. the suicides the main characters commit for each other. Yet, the reception of the two works is rather different. While the love of Romeo and Juliet is still a synonym for eternal love, the true story of Antony and Cleopatra did not manage to attract the attention it could have deserved. This book is a comparison of the two tragedies that endeavours to find the reasons for the success of Romeo and Juliet and the controversial welcome of Antony and Cleopatra. The analysis is made through different aspects of the two dramas, like the background of the protagonists, matter of intimacy, conception of love, effect of love, and death. This book is mainly useful to university or college students learning English literature, but it can be an interesting reading to anyone fascinated by Shakespeare's world.

The main interest of many readers is in the gradual emergence of Stephen's conviction that in order to survive as an artist he must shake himself free from the fetters of Church, Country and Family. I am going to show how Joyce deals with this theme of estrangement in his novel A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man and I shall explain the Role of Women and Sexuality in Stephen Dedalus' Creative Process. In conclusion, I shall present the Daedalus Myth and its role in the book.

The book provides an overview of major works in 20th century Glasgow literature presenting fundamental changes in the way of working-class people saw and see themselves. The works analysed, written exclusively by writers from within the working classes, employ various narrative techniques to convey the changing perception of working-people themselves in a century that saw many fundamental social changes. Formalist methods of analysing these narrative methods combined with a detailed presentation of the cultural background make sure that the reader is kept informed and engaged throughout. The focus is on works by such influential writers as James Kelman and Alasdair Gray, but short stories by less known authors make this book also a starting point for further research.

Thomas More finished writing his Utopia originally in Latin in 1516. This scholarly masterpiece describes an imaginary society in two separate books, together with its various social-political institutions and everyday customs. Through the words of the experienced and over-intelligent sailor, Raphael Hythloday, we have the opportunity to get a profound insight into the mechanisms of the lives of the Utopians in a way that, even from the remoteness of almost five hundred years, it tells us something immensely fundamental about the constantly changing nature of human affairs. In the present book we endeavor to have a closer look upon the characteristics of political freedom in the Utopian society, besides continually being aware of the fact that this very concept has undergone the most influential and diverse interpretations ever since More's own time. Bearing this in mind, our ultimate aim with the book is to continue More's own belief to go on with the neverending struggle to find the optimal condition of man.

This book concentrates on the main question regarding the picaresque novel: What is a picaresque novel? Since generations of scholars have come to no agreement the author uses a working definition. The (Spanish) forefathers of the genre provide the basis for the real point of interest, viz. the neglected, partly even forgotten early European picaresque works. These books are discussed with regard to similarities and differences, the working definition of the picaresque novel being the main point of reference at all times. The analysis of these works focuses on the following questions: Can the distinctive features of the picaresque be applied and how has the picaresque novel changed throughout the years? This book aims at those people who show a profound interest in the picaresque phenomenon, from its very beginnings to the eighteenth century. The author, of course, is very well aware of the fact that the phenomenon does not end in the eighteenth century but the classics of Defoe, Fielding and Smollett seemed to be the perfect works to round off this very personal picture of the picaresque novel.

This book is for new faculty, graduate students, teachers, administrators, and other academics who want to write more clearly and have their work published. The essays focus on writing journal articles, dissertations, grants, edited books, and other writing in educational settings. The authors are educators who share their own first-hand experiences that provide novice writers with important knowledge and support in the quest for success in professional scholarly writing. A variety of authors discuss the writer's craft, including issues of voice, audience, planning, drafting, revision, conventions, style, submitting to journals, editorial review, and editing.

Cicero, Quintilian and the anonymous author of the ad Herennium each describe the art and practice of using an artificial memory system to help aid remembrance. Each of the authors' respective treatises offers an exploration of how both loci (places) and imagines (images) were used to facilitate remembrance of both res (things) and verba (words). The methods delineated by each author provide valuable insight into the visual process, used by educated Romans to retrieve and recall information stored in their memories. By understanding how remembering and recollection were inherently important to the Romans the modern reader can apprehend how Virgil, as a member of the Roman elite, either consciously or subconsciously, would portray his characters as being familiar not only with the system of artificial memory, but also with the Roman process of using different spaces and places to stimulate remembrance. This book looks at the rhetoricians' discussions of the art of memory and posits that Virgil uses the artificial memory system features of sequential order, discriminability, and distinctiveness when describes the way his characters look at various images in the Aeneid.

This work examines the reconstruction of cultural and historical myths by selected postcolonial writers of fiction from Indigenous Australia and South Africa. It explores summarily how these myths were used to define the colonial space, define the indigenes and how they in turn have chosen to define and represent themselves in a post-colonial world. This work also brings the postcolonialism debate back to the table by exploring its implications in using the theory to examine indigenous works of literature. The prodominant concerns of this work are Representation and Historiography situated within the context of postcolonialism. The achievement of this work is one of the canonical expansions recommended by postcolonial criticism which stresses the need for and the appreciation of differences that exist in postcolnial fictions even when they seek to achieve the same goals.

Rebel Literacy is a look at Cuba's National Literacy Campaign of 1961 in historical and global contexts. The Cuban Revolution cannot be understood without a careful study of Cuba's prior struggles for national sovereignty. Similarly, an understanding of Cuba's National Literacy Campaign demands an inquiry into the historical currents of popular movements in Cuba to make education a right for all. The scope of this book, though, does not end with 1961 and is not limited to Cuba and its historical relations with Spain, the United States, and the former Soviet Union. Nearly 50 years after the Year of Education in Cuba, the Literacy Campaign's legacy is evident throughout Latin America and the 'Third World.' A world-wide movement today continues against neoliberalism and for a more humane and democratic global political economy. It is spreading literacy for critical global citizenship, and Cuba's National Literacy Campaign is a part of the foundation making this global movement possible. The author collected about 100 testimonies of participants in the Campaign, and many of their stories and perspectives are highlighted in one of the chapters. Theirs are the stories of perhaps the world's greatest educational accomplishment of the 20th Century, and critical educators of the 21st Century must not overlook the arduous and fruitful work that ordinary Cubans, many in their youth, contributed toward a nationalism and internationalism of emancipation.