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Books > Earth & environment > Geography > Cartography, geodesy & geographic information systems (GIS) > Map making & projections
The Self-Made Map argues that during the Renaissance in France a "new cartographic impulse" affected both the "graphic and imaginary forms of literature." In this wide-ranging and fascinating work, Tom Conley demonstrates that as new maps were plotted during this period, a new sense of self emerged, one defined in part by the relationship of the self to space. Conley traces the explosion of interest in mapmaking that occurred with the discovery of the New World, and discusses the commensurate rise of what he defines as cartographic writing-writing that "holds, penetrates, delineates, and explores space." Considering the works of such writers as Rabelais, Montaigne, and Descartes, Conley provides a "navigation" through the printed page, revealing the emerging values of Renaissance France. In his examination of the placing of words, letters, and graphic elements in books, he exposes the playful and sometimes enigmatic relation between spatial organization and text. Conley also exposes the ideological exercise inherent in mapmaking, arguing that Renaissance cartography is inseparably bound up with the politics of the era. He undertakes close readings of maps and illustrations, discussing the necessity of viewing Renaissance maps in the context of their typographic layout, graphic reproduction, and literary and ideological import. Richly illustrated throughout, The Self-Made Map combines studies of art, geography, history, literature, and printing to show a clear historical transformation, along the way linking geographical discoveries, printing processes, and political awareness. Conley's provocative analysis discloses how early modern printed literature and cartography worked together to crystallize broader issues engaging the then emergent status of cultural identity, nation, and individuality.
From the Preface by Tetsuya Iseki: A Survey of London was originally published by John Stow (c. 1525 1605) in 1598. Stow was a chronicler and antiquary who edited literary works and archaeological texts (his first publication was Chaucer s Canterbury Tales, newly edited in 1561). In 1603 Stow published a new edition with corrections and additions, and it achieved immediate popular success. Even after his death, the work was reprinted in 1618 (Anthony Munday s new edition), and again in 1633, but then disappeared from print until the end of the century. (The 1603 edition which was re-edited by C. L. Kingsford was issued by Oxford University Press in 1908, and later reprinted as the facsimile edition in 2000.) After the Great Fire of 1666, the state of London depicted and recorded in Stow s Survey was greatly transformed. In 1694 Richard Blome (who published a new edition of William Camden s Britannia) made an attempt to publish his new edition of Stow s Survey with maps and many additions to describe the rebuilding of London after the Fire, but this was not successful. In 1702 John Strype (1643 1737), who had already achieved fame as an editor of historical and biographical documents, started editing Blome s abortive work and created a new edition to answer the need for a current version of Stow s Survey. Strype was said to have completed his edition (in two folio volumes) by November 1707, while a similar, rival book, A New View of London by Edward Hatton, was going to be published the following year. The booksellers gave up Strype s Survey because Hatton s publication was a smaller and cheaper edition. As it turned out, however, Hatton s View of London could not satisfy the demand for a more scholarly updated edition of Stow s Survey, and Strype s project was revived in 1716 and finally published in December 1720. Strype s Survey of London is basically an enlarged edition of Stow s Survey, but the main body of the text and the maps are essentially taken from Blome s 1694 edition. A mere reading of Strype s Survey will reinforce the claim that the work is full of information about the late Stuart capital: the economics, politics, religion, architecture, and moral life of his day. Maps and plates of Strype s Survey retain vivid visual details and, more than any other previous attempts, successfully remap the prosperous state of London. Pre-Fire maps were pictorial bird s-eye views, in which buildings and landmarks are privileged over topographical accuracy, but alleys and yards are often obscured. The two-dimensional maps were published by John Ogilby and William Morgan after the fire in 1677. A large number of illustrations in Strype s new edition show the details of the capital s parishes and wards, including important historical buildings within and without the City both in two dimensions and bird s-eye views. Strype s Survey of London was priced at six guineas, and some 700 copies were published. Now the original is rarely found and the condition of the copies in the British Library or the ones in some other big libraries are not sound enough for reprint use. The present reprint is from my personal unspoiled copy of the 1720 edition. All texts and visual images derive from this copy. The work was originally published in two volumes: Volume 1 contains Books 1 3 and Volume 2 contains Books 4 6, plus appendices. This reprinted edition consists of three volumes: Volume 1 (Books 1, 2), Volume 2 (Books 3, 4), and Volume 3 (Books 5, 6). The texts are in the original fount and all illustrations and maps are inserted as foldouts.
With the widespread use of GIS, multi-scale representation has become an important issue in the realm of spatial data handling. However, no book to date has systematically tackled the different aspects of this discipline. Emphasizing map generalization, Algorithmic Foundation of Multi-Scale Spatial Representation addresses the mathematical basis of multi-scale representation, specifically, the algorithmic foundation. Using easy-to-understand language, the author focuses on geometric transformations, with each chapter surveying a particular spatial feature. After an introduction to the essential operations required for geometric transformations as well as some mathematical and theoretical background, the book describes algorithms for a class of point features/clusters. It then examines algorithms for individual line features, such as the reduction of data points, smoothing (filtering), and scale-driven generalization, followed by a discussion of algorithms for a class of line features including contours, hydrographic (river) networks, and transportation networks. The author also addresses algorithms for individual area features, a class of area features, and various displacement operations. The final chapter briefly covers algorithms for 3-D surfaces and 3-D features. Providing a thorough treatment of low-level algorithms, Algorithmic Foundation of Multi-Scale Spatial Representation supplies the mathematical groundwork for multi-scale representations of spatial data.
This work argues for the adoption of sociotechnology as a unified concept where both social and technical aspects are approached simultaneously.
First published in 1987. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
This accessible text prepares students to understand and work with geographic information systems (GIS), offering a detailed introduction to essential theories, concepts, and skills. The book is organized in four modular parts that can be used in any sequence in entry-level and more specialized courses. Basic cartographic principles are integrated with up-to-date discussions of GIS technologies and applications. Coverage includes everything from what geographic information is to its many uses and societal implications. Practical examples and exercises invite readers to explore the choices involved in producing reliable maps and other forms of geographic information. Illustrations include 170 figures (with 15 in color). The companion website provides links to Web resources for each chapter, plus downloadable PowerPoint slides of most of the figures. New to This Edition *Chapter on online mapping and Big Data. *New and updated discussions of remote sensing, vector and raster data models, location privacy, uses of geocoding, and other timely topics. *Chapter on the many uses of GIS, such as in market analyses, emergency responding, and tracking of epidemics. *Section overviews and an end-of-book glossary. Pedagogical Features *Modules and individual chapters can be used sequentially or in any order. *End-of-chapter review questions with answers, exercises, and extended exercises for applying theories and concepts. *"In-Depth" sidebars offering a closer look at key concepts and applications. *End-of-chapter links to relevant Web resources.
Maps have power--they can instruct, make life easier, mislead, or even lie. This engaging text provides the tools to read, analyze, and use any kind of map and assess its strengths and weaknesses. Requiring no advanced math skills, the book presents basic concepts of symbolization, scale, coordinate systems, and projections. It gives students a deeper understanding of the types of maps they encounter every day, from turn-by-turn driving directions to the TV weather report. Readers also learn how to use multiple maps and imagery to analyze an area or region. The book includes 168 figures, among them 22 color plates; most of the figures can be downloaded as PowerPoint slides from the companion website. Appendices contain a glossary, recommended resources, a table of commonly used projections, and more.
Surfaces are a central to geographical analysis. Their generation and manipulation are a key component of geographical information systems (GISs). However, geographical surface data is often not precise. When surfaces are used to model geographical entities, the data inherently contains uncertainty in terms of both position and attribute. Fuzzy Surface in GIS and Geographical Analysis sets out a process to identify the uncertainty in geographic entities. It describes how to successfully obtain, model, analyze, and display data, as well as interpret results within the context of GIS. Focusing on uncertainty that arises from transitional boundaries, the book limits its study to three types of uncertainties: intervals, fuzzy sets, and possibility distributions. The book explains that uncertainty in geographical data typically stems from these three and it is only natural to incorporate them into the analysis and display of surface data. The book defines the mathematics associated with each method for analysis, then develops related algorithms, and moves on to illustrate various applications. Fuzzy Surface in GIS and Geographical Analysis clearly defines how to develop a routine that will adequately account for the uncertainties inherent in surface data.
Erudite Eyes explores the network of the Antwerp cartographer Abraham Ortelius (1527-1598), a veritable trading zone of art and erudition. Populated by such luminaries as Pieter Bruegel, Joris Hoefnagel, Justus Lipsius and Benedictus Arias Montanus, among others, this vibrant antiquarian culture yielded new knowledge about local antiquities and distant civilizations, and offered a framework for articulating art and artistic practice. These fruitful exchanges, undertaken in a spirit of friendship and collaboration, are all the more astonishing when seen against the backdrop of the ongoing wars. Based on a close reading of early modern letters, alba amicorum, printed books, manuscripts and artworks, this book situates Netherlandish art and culture between Bruegel and Rubens in a European perspective.
This book provides a unique contemporary analysis of the huge imperial mapping project of the British Government in nineteenth century Ireland, which describes as well as re-interprets the value of science and modernity as practiced by the British empire. The book raises questions about representation and academic discourses and highlights and interprets colonial techniques of observation and description. The nature of "evidence" within colonial archive is also questioned. Focussing on the main aspects of the survey from a contemporary theoretical perspective, it both enlivens the original documents and serves as a sensitive critique of it. The main themes are ethnographic description, translation and cartography and the relationship between them in the nineteenth century. Central to this is the emerging 'view' of Ireland and the Irish and the idea of the project as representative of early Irish ethnography. The book contains new findings in relation to renowned scholars such as John O'Donovan and re-engages with the Friel vs. Andrews debate on 'Translation and Irish Culture'. The book should be of wide interest to folklorists, cultural sociologists, geographers, historians, ethnologists, cultural studies, Irish language scholars and the general reader with an interest in Ireland.
Computer based algorithms to analyze gravity anomalies for
subsurface structures have gained momentum in the search of natural
resources. The enormous progress since then, however, led to the
development of new interpretational techniques with increasing
accuracy to analyze the gravity anomalies. The fact that variable
density models yield more reliable interpretations has paved the
way for developing new analytical tools to analyze gravity
anomalies. In this book, the parabolic density function which
unambiguously describes the density-depth dependence of sedimentary
rocks is used to design new algorithms and relevant GUI based JAVA
programs to analyze the gravity anomalies of subsurface geological
structures. Although the terms modeling and inversion are used more
or less synonymously to refer to various interpretation strategies
of gravity anomalies, criteria has been formulated and followed to
design modeling and inversion strategies of gravity anomalies.
Accordingly, automatic inversion algorithms coupled with relevant
computer codes to analyze the gravity anomalies due to 2-D and
2.5-D fault structures described with both planar and non-planar
fault planes are presented. Automatic techniques based on modeling
and inversion principles to analyze the gravity anomalies due to
2-D and 2.5-D sedimentary basins even when the profile of
interpretation fails to bisects the strike length of the target are
presented with related software. Automatic modeling and inversion
techniques for the analysis of measured gravity anomalies due to
3-D sedimentary basins are presented. Also new is the automatic
determination of regional gravity background in case of inversion
algorithms. The highlight of the book is that, in each case, the
robustness is demonstrated with both synthetic and real field
gravity anomalies. Thus this book is very useful to academicians,
researchers and field geophysicists.
"The Artistry of Early Korean Cartography" is a window on the cultural, technological, and even spiritual factors that affected the way Koreans observed themselves, their landscape, and the rest of the world before the twentieth century. How did cartography stand astride the realms of art and science in pre-modern Korea? How do Koreans today understand the roots of their own culture, and what new perspective can their insights lend to our own views of the world? These questions and many others are taken up by three of Korea's leading scholars, Han Youngwoo, Ahn Hwi-Joon, and Bae Woo Sung. In this book, nearly one hundred color images of important cartographic works open up the 'Hermit Kingdom' to reveal its perceptions of itself and the world around it.
What is the history of geography in the United States? How have Americans been taught to see the world around them? Susan Schulten addresses these questions by examining how ideas and images shaped popular understandings of world geography from 1880 to the 1950s. This was a critic al period in American History, it saw the US evolve from a relative isolationist nation into an international, economic superpower. Schulten examines four institutions of learning that produced some of the most influential sources of geographic knowledge in modern history: maps and atlases, the National Geographic Society, the American university and public schools. This book provides a history of geography and cartology and their place in popular culture, politics and education.
Recognized as the classic resource in cartography, this text continues to integrate the latest modern technology with traditional cartographic principles. The balanced author team provides a solid conceptual foundation in the basic principles of cartography while introducing the newest technological advances which have greatly altered modern cartographic techniques. New features include a complete updating of topical data and a shift in emphasis from ``small-scale to all-scale maps.'' Systematic coverage is given to both theory and applications with all basic mapmaking tools presented including formulas, tables and constants.
"The authors write authoritatively and crisply . . . . How to use
maps in teaching is spelled out carefully, but the authors also
manage to sketch in the background of American mapping so the book
is both a manual and a history. Commentaries are sprinkled with
stimulating new ideas, for instance on how to use bird's-eye views
and country atlases in the classroom, and there are didactic
discussions on maps showing the walking city and the impact of the
street car.
"Earthbound humans are unable to embrace more than a tiny part of the planetary surface. But in their imagination they can grasp the whole of the earth, as a surface or a solid body, to locate it within infinities of space and to communicate and share images of it."--from the Preface Long before we had the ability to photograph the earth from space--to see our planet as it would be seen by the Greek god Apollo--images of the earth as a globe had captured popular imagination. In "Apollo's Eye, " geographer Denis Cosgrove examines the historical implications for the West of conceiving and representing the earth as a globe: a unified, spherical body. Cosgrove traces how ideas of globalism and globalization have shifted historically in relation to changing images of the earth, from antiquity to the Space Age. He connects the evolving image of a unified globe to politically powerful conceptions of human unity.
Ever since a Native American prepared a paper "charte" of the lower
Colorado River for the Spaniard Hernando de Alarcon in 1540, Native
Americans have been making maps in the course of encounters with
whites. This book charts the history of these cartographic
encounters, examining native maps and mapmaking from the pre- and
post-contact periods.
The papers which make up this book's chapters were first presented at an international conference, "The History of the Discovery of the Arctic Regions as seen through the Description of Travellers and the Work of Cartographers from Early Antiquity of the 18th Century." The collection is well illustrated with rare and ancient maps and traces the development of navigational systems which led to increasingly accurate maps. Published by the Comite Arctique International, the Arctic Institute of North America, and the University of Alaska Press. |
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