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Books > Medicine > General issues > Medical equipment & techniques
This second edition features updated information on a variety of
topics including: rat genetics and genomics, both spontaneous and
induced disease; state-of-the-art technology for housing and
husbandry; occupational health, and experimental models. A premier
source of information on the laboratory rat that will be of
interest to veterinary and medical students, senior graduate,
graduate students, post-docs and researchers who utilize animals in
biomedical research.
* At least 50% new information than first edition
* Includes topics on rat genetics and genomics, occupational
health, and experimental models
* The premier source of information on the laboratory rat
This book is the second in a two-volume set devoted to
bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) and the opportunities that they
may offer in providing a green solution to growing energy demands
worldwide. While the first volume explains principles and
processes, in this volume established research professionals shed
light on how this technology can be used to generate high-value
chemicals and energy using organic wastes. Bioelectricity is
generated in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) under oxygen-depleted
conditions, where microbial bioconversion reactions transform
organic wastes into electrons. Dedicated chapters focus on MFCs and
state of the art advancements as well as current limitations. In
addition, the book covers the use of microbial biofilm- and
algae-based bioelectrochemical systems for bioremediation and
co-generation of valuable chemicals. A thorough review of the
performance of this technology and its possible industrial
applications is presented. The book is designed for a broad
audience, including undergraduates, postgraduates, energy
researchers/scientists, policymakers, and anyone else interested in
the latest developments in this field.
Now in its second edition, this comprehensive handbook provides a
state-of-the-art overview of recent advances in drug and non-drug
therapies for obesity and diabetes. It also addresses major
comorbidities, covering topics such as, cardiovascular diseases,
renal and neuropsychiatric disorders, appetite control and micro
RNAs. Special attention is also devoted to pediatric care,
including the latest recommendations for therapy and prevention.
Obesity and type 2 diabetes are among the top global health-care
budget concerns worldwide and impact professional practice at all
levels: in hospitals, clinics and physicians' offices alike. They
prominently feature in headlines, and virtually no family,
community or country is exempt from their protean, deleterious
consequences. Furthermore, given the multiple intersections in
their pathways, they often go hand in hand. The good news is that
scientific advances in all fields, including genomics,
metabolomics, lipidomics and microbiomics, are increasing our
understanding of these two disease areas. At the same time,
artificial intelligence, machine learning, mobile health and
advanced implantable and external devices are rendering prevention
and management more available, safe and cost-effective. In
addition, bariatric and metabolic surgery has evolved from a niche
specialty to an officially endorsed option for several modalities
of obesity and diabetes. This book presents the latest lifestyle,
pharmacological, surgical and non-surgical treatment options,
including endoscopic intervention and cell therapy. Objectively
reviewing natural and artificial sweeteners and critically
examining issues such as public health initiatives, government
mandated taxes for unhealthy foods and environmental planning, no
stone is left unturned in gathering the latest practical
information. As such, the book will appeal to seasoned specialists,
as well as students and healthcare professionals in training.
Saliva as a unique sample for health assessment is gaining
attention among researchers of different fields in the last 20
years; being reflected in an impressive increase in the number of
papers published studying saliva from different biological aspects
in human and veterinary species. Once deemed merely a digestive
juice is now considered a biological fluid capable of communicating
information about physiopathological processes occurring in
organisms, since saliva has been shown to contain molecular and
bacterial compounds that can change in response to local and
systemic pathologies. Furthermore, the interest of saliva as a
diagnostic, prognostic and monitoring biofluid is forced by its
non-invasive nature being of easy and inexpensive sampling,
involving only minimal discomfort and allowing the collection of
multiple/repeated specimens at anytime, anywhere and without need
for specialized staff. In this contributed volume, the authors
bring together, summarize and reflect the generated knowledge about
saliva as a source of biomarkers for health and welfare evaluation
in humans and animal models. This volume also highlights the
importance of confounding factors, such as sampling methods, flow,
total protein content, contamination, or storage. This book will
serve as a manual for graduates, practitioners and researchers by
providing general ideas about the possibilities and utilities of
saliva in clinical practice or investigation, and indicating the
main cautions each should have in mind before saliva usage.
Photobiomodulation in the Brain: Low-Level Laser (Light) Therapy in
Neurology and Neuroscience presents the fundamentals of
photobiomodulation and the diversity of applications in which light
can be implemented in the brain. It will serve as a reference for
future research in the area, providing the basic foundations
readers need to understand photobiomodulation's science-based
evidence, practical applications and related adaptations to
specific therapeutic interventions. The book covers the mechanisms
of action of photobiomodulation to the brain, and includes chapters
describing the pre-clinical studies and clinical trials that have
been undertaken for diverse brain disorders, including traumatic
events, degenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders.
This scholarly set of well-harmonized volumes provides
indispensable and complete coverage of the exciting and evolving
subject of medical imaging systems. Leading experts on the
international scene tackle the latest cutting-edge techniques and
technologies in an in-depth but eminently clear and readable
approach. Complementing and intersecting one another, each volume
offers a comprehensive treatment of substantive importance to the
subject areas. The chapters, in turn, address topics in a
self-contained manner with authoritative introductions, useful
summaries, and detailed reference lists. Extensively
well-illustrated with figures throughout, the five volumes as a
whole achieve a unique depth and breath of coverage. As a cohesive
whole or independent of one another, the volumes may be acquired as
a set or individually.
Nervous System Drug Delivery: Principles and Practice helps users
understand the nervous system physiology affecting drug delivery,
the principles that underlie various drug delivery methods, and the
appropriate application of drug delivery methods for drug- and
disease-specific treatments. Researchers developing nervous system
putative therapeutic agents will use this book to optimize drug
delivery during preclinical assessment and to prepare for
regulatory advancement of new agents. Clinicians will gain direct
insights into pathophysiologic alterations that impact drug
delivery and students and trainees will find this a critical
resource for understanding and applying nervous system drug
delivery techniques.
National Science Foundation (NSF) is a unique federal agency
because it supports scientific research financially, but does not
engage in scientific work itself. Its history is known only in part
because the NSF is a vibrant, expanding, and living entity that
makes the final telling of its story impossible. Much can be
learned from its beginning as well as its component parts. If the
founding of the NSF in 1950 was couched in an era of physics,
especially atomic physics, certainly by the end of the 20th century
and the beginning of the 21st, biology was, and remains, the queen
of sciences for the predictable future. This book highlights the
elite status of America's biological sciences as they were funded,
affected, and, to a very real degree, interactively guided by the
NSF. It examines important events in the earlier history of the
Foundation because they play strongly upon the development of the
various biology directorates. Issues such as education, applied
research, medical science, the National Institutes of Health, the
beginnings of biotechnology, and other matters are also discussed.
This volume highlights the recent advances in the understanding of
the endocannabinoid system and the likely benefit from the
therapeutic effects of cannabinoid treatment in a variety of health
issues. Archeological evidence has shown that Cannabis has a long
history of use for multiple purposes, including the treatment of
medical conditions. The primary active constituent of the hemp
plant Cannabis sativa, delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol ( 9-THC),
causes euphoria, enhancement of sensory perception, tachycardia,
antinociception, difficulties in concentration and impairment of
memory, among other effects. Despite these undesirable effects,
signaling is mostly inhibitory and suggests a putative role for
cannabinoids as therapeutic agents by managing several diseases
where inhibition of neurotransmitter release would be beneficial.
The themes of this book have been edited and written by
world-leaders in the field, The contents of the volume aims at
readers from a range of academic and professional disciplines, such
as biomedicine, several areas of biology, neurology, clinical
medicine and pharmacy.
Salespeople and commercial leaders face a significant challenge and
big opportunity. Purchasing in healthcare is undergoing a
fundamental shift. Buying decisions, once driven by individual
clinicians, are increasingly being made by data-driven committees,
cost-driven administrators, and sophisticated buyers. The hospital
supply chain and purchasing organization is growing into a powerful
force, and is deploying sourcing tactics to gain unprecedented
discounts and bring clearer transparency to value. Selling in this
new healthcare market in the same old way is a recipe for price
erosion, declining margins, frustrated salespeople, and
dissatisfied customers. Based on extensive experience and research,
this is a practical guide that provides salespeople and commercial
teams with the insights to approach economic buyers with renewed
confidence. It provides proven strategies and tools to educate
customers, sell your value, and defend your value against tough
buyers. Understand the ten drivers of change in the new healthcare
market Learn how the buyer views your sales bag and the sourcing
strategies buyers use to extract value Navigate buying committees
and learn to leverage your three elements of value - clinical,
economic, and emotional Quantify your value and connect it to the
customers' business and reimbursement model Adapt your offering and
use negotiation trades to satisfy different buyers and defend your
value Learn the clues to identify the four hospital buying behavior
segments and how to customize your tactics to each Align your value
selling to the six stages of customers' buying process Learn twelve
common buyer games and how to defend your value against each This
book will prove to be an invaluable source of ideas, strategies and
tools for healthcare sales professionals, marketing teams, and
executives responsible for leading winning commercial
organizations.
This book presents a variety of perspectives on vision-based
applications. These contributions are focused on optoelectronic
sensors, 3D & 2D machine vision technologies, robot navigation,
control schemes, motion controllers, intelligent algorithms and
vision systems. The authors focus on applications of unmanned
aerial vehicles, autonomous and mobile robots, industrial
inspection applications and structural health monitoring. Recent
advanced research in measurement and others areas where 3D & 2D
machine vision and machine control play an important role, as well
as surveys and reviews about vision-based applications. These
topics are of interest to readers from diverse areas, including
electrical, electronics and computer engineering, technologists,
students and non-specialist readers. * Presents current research in
image and signal sensors, methods, and 3D & 2D technologies in
vision-based theories and applications; * Discusses applications
such as daily use devices including robotics, detection, tracking
and stereoscopic vision systems, pose estimation, avoidance of
objects, control and data exchange for navigation, and aerial
imagery processing; * Includes research contributions in
scientific, industrial, and civil applications.
This two-volume book, Biomolecules and Pharmacology of Medicinal
Plants, will be a valuable desk reference book on bioactives and
pharmacology of medicinal plants. Listing the medicinal plants by
species, each of these 77 chapters detail the plants' bioactive
phytocompounds and their chemical structures along with their
pharmacological activities and properties. These include the
plants' antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant,
anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective,
cardioprotective, and nephroprotective properties. Bioactive
compounds typically occur in small amounts, and they have more
subtle effects than nutrients. Bioactive compounds influence
cellular activities that modify the risk of disease and cure and
alleviate disease symptoms. These compounds can act as
antioxidants, enzyme inhibitors and inducers, inhibitors of
receptor activities, and inducers and inhibitors of gene expression
among other actions. A wide array of biological activities and
potential health benefits of medicinal plants have been reported,
which include antiviral, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-cancer,
anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic properties as well as protective
effects on the liver, kidney, heart, and nervous system. The
volumes will be a must-have reference for pharmacy institutes and
pharmacy professors, phytochemists and research scholars, botanists
working with medicinal plants, and postgraduate students of
pharmacy and medicine round the world. The comprehensive
information presented here provides an invaluable source to aid in
the development of new drugs.
This Dictionary presents a broad range of topics relevant in
present-day global bioethics. With more than 500 entries, this
dictionary covers organizations working in the field of global
bioethics, international documents concerning bioethics,
personalities that have played a role in the development of global
bioethics, as well as specific topics in the field.The book is not
only useful for students and professionals in global health
activities, but can also serve as a basic tool that explains
relevant ethical notions and terms. The dictionary furthers the
ideals of cosmopolitanism: solidarity, equality, respect for
difference and concern with what human beings- and specifically
patients - have in common, regardless of their backgrounds,
hometowns, religions, gender, etc. Global problems such as pandemic
diseases, disasters, lack of care and medication, homelessness and
displacement call for global responses.This book demonstrates that
a moral vision of global health is necessary and it helps to
quickly understand the basic ideas of global bioethics.
Progress in ubiquitous computing, social networking, medical
informatics and IT technologies has resulted in a new generation of
healthcare systems. Ubiquitous Health and Medical Informatics: The
Ubiquity 2.0 Trend and Beyond provides insight into the various
trends, innovations, and organizational challenges of contemporary
ubiquitous health and medical informatics. Contributions highlight
changes to healthcare distribution that will significantly
revolutionize the exchange between healthcare providers and
consumers.
The present book on Molecular & Diagnostic Imaging and
Treatment Strategies of ovarian cancer is one of two companion
books with the second one being focused on Cell and Molecular
Biology of Ovarian Cancer. Both books include new exciting aspects
of ovarian cancer research with chapters written by experts in
their respective fields who contributed their unique expertise in
specific ovarian cancer research areas and include cell and
molecular details that are important for the specific subtopics.
Comprehensive and concise reviews are included of key topics in the
field.
This book consists of 3 volumes: Basic Science (Volume 1), Clinical
Science (Volume 2) and Technology and Methodology (Volume 3).
Volume 2 focuses on the clinical aspects of autophagy research,
discussing the role of autophagy in neuropsychiatric disorders, the
cardiovascular, immune, digestive and endocrine systems, as well as
tumors, infection, the kidney, and the respiratory and
hematological systems. It also addresses autophagy-related drug
development. Written and edited by a team of 90 experts, and
presenting the state of the art in autophagy research, this book is
a valuable reference resource for researchers and clinicians alike.
It can also be used as supplementary material for graduate students
majoring in biology and medicine
This book focuses on microplastics as emerging persistent
contaminants in terrestrial environments. Scientists from around
the globe review recent advances in multi-disciplinary research on
micro(nano)plastics, including analytical methods; the sources,
fate and distribution of microplastics; ecological risks; toxicity
and health risks; and control and countermeasures for microplastics
in terrestrial environments. Offering a comprehensive overview of
microplastics in terrestrial environments, the book is a valuable
resource for environmental researchers, ecologists and
toxicologists, as well as for policymakers and non-experts.
No longer confined to medical devices, medical software has become
a pervasive technology giving healthcare operators access to
clinical information stored in electronic health records and
clinical decision support systems, supporting robot-assisted
telesurgery, and providing the technology behind ambient assisted
living. These systems and software must be designed, built and
maintained according to strict regulations and standards to ensure
that they are safe, reliable and secure. Engineering High Quality
Medical Software illustrates how to exploit techniques,
methodologies, development processes and existing standards to
realize high-confidence medical software. After an introductory
survey of the topic the book covers global regulations and
standards (including EU MDD 93/42/EEC, FDA Title 21 of US CFR, ISO
13485, ISO 14971, IEC 52304, IEEE 1012 and ISO/IEC 29119),
verification and validation techniques and techniques, and
methodologies and engineering tasks for the development,
configuration and maintenance of medical software.
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