Children and Exercise XXV presents the latest research in the field of paediatric exercise sciences, focusing on the interaction between physical activity, exercise or sport on the one hand, and nutrition, metabolism regulation, cardio-respiratory function or muscle function on the other. Including contributions from leading international experts, the book is arranged into six thematic sections addressing: * metabolic syndrome and nutrition * hormonal and inflammatory regulations * cardio-respiratory function * children's performance * fitness assessment * physical activity. Offering a critical review of current topics and reports of contemporary research, this is a key text for all researchers, teachers, health professionals and students with an interest in paediatric sport and exercise science, sports medicine and physical education. The papers contained within this volume were first presented at the twenty-fifth Paediatric Work Physiology meeting, held in Le Touquet, France, in September 2009.

This book brings together world leading researchers from diverse fields to explore the potential causes of the development of behaviour problems. The book presents theories that hope to influence public health, education and social policy in the prevention of the costly social troubles that behaviour problems can cause. Featuring contributions from researchers whose backgrounds range from the social and behavioural sciences to economics, the varied chapters assesses the potential role of gene-environment interactions, biological factors and gender differences in the development of behaviour problems. The book includes a review of studies that attempt to understand why antisocial behaviour is concentrated within families, and concludes with three chapters that link developmental research directly with policy issues. It provides a framework for students, scientists, educators and care givers to understand where frontier research on behaviour problems is going and how it can be applied in the social, educational and health services. This collection will interest all students of psychology and the behavioural sciences as well as those with an interest in public policy, sociology, abnormal psychology, psychopathology and personality disorders.

Crying is a typical human expression of emotion. Surprisingly, until now little scientific attention has been devoted to this phenomenon. Many textbooks on emotion fail to pay attention to it, and in scientific journals there are hardly any contributions focusing on this behavior. In contrast, there is much interest from the lay public, allowing pseudo-scientists to formulate theories that have little or no scientific basis. Is there any evidence in support of statements that crying is healthy or that not crying may result in toxification? How do people react to the crying of others? Is crying important for the diagnosis of depression, and if so, how? This book aims to fill this gap in scientific literature. Crying is discussed from several perspectives and specific attention is given to methodological issues and assessment. Each chapter provides a review and a summary of the relevant scientific literature.

Mindfulness in the Birth Sphere draws together and critically appraises a raft of emerging research around mindfulness in healthcare, looking especially at its relevance to pregnancy and childbirth. Divided into three parts, this reflective book: * Investigates the phenomena of mindfulness through discussions of neuroscience, an indigenous worldview and research methods. * Develops the concept of mindfulness for use in practice with women/and babies across the continuum of childbirth. It includes chapters on birth environments, intrapartum care, mental health, fertility, breastfeeding and parenting among others. * Explores mindfulness as a tool for birth practitioners and educators, promoting self-care, resilience and compassion. Each chapter discusses specific research, evidence and experiences of mindfulness, including practical advice and an example of a mindfulness practice. This is an essential read for all those interested in mindfulness in connection to pregnancy and childbirth, including midwives, doulas, doctors and birth activists, whether involved in practice, research or education.

This book focuses on the impact of nutritional disorders on the nervous system. Nutritional disorders are caused due to poverty, famine, infestations, ignorance in the developing world and due to food faddism, isolation, depression, addictions, and comorbidities in the developed countries. This book has chapters on various disorders covering basic knowledge, their clinical manifestations, basis and etiology, laboratory diagnosis, method of treatment and prognosis. It provides the guidelines to students and clinicians for dealing with such disorders which are easily preventable and amenable to treatment whose early diagnosis and management can avert morbidity and mortality. Key Features Deals with the unexplored topic of the neurological impact of nutritional disorders Will be essential for neurologists, general physicians, and pediatricians Includes key illustrated examples from authors' clinical practice.

Key Features * Explores evolutionary context and comparative physiology of hypoxia tolerance in fetus and neonate, from basic research to clinical scenarios * Provides guidance to trainees, physicians and allied health professionals engaged in NICU care; pediatricians, cardiologists, pulmonologists, anesthesiologists, neonatologists and physiologists, to effectively manage infants in hypoxic respiratory failure * Includes case scenarios emphasizing current diagnostic and therapeutic controversies, and algorithmic approaches to decipher difficult clinical cases.

The need for safe and effective use of medicines in children and WHO's initiative "Make Medicines Child Size" have boosted research and educational activities in the area of pediatric clinical drug research. This issue focuses on both general and specific aspects of neonatal and pediatric clinical pharmacology including ethics, pharmacogenomics, metabolomics, adverse drug reactions, pain medication, pulmonary hypertension and several other hot topics. The editors have been able to find outstanding authors for the different parts on neonatal and pediatric pharmacology.

The most definitive, authoritative and comprehensive history of Midwifery in the US, authored by two of the profession's most distinguished nurse-leaders. There is no single text or book that spans the totality of the history of midwifery in the United States or is as comprehensive as this definitive text/reference. The book begins with the early history of Midwifery in the US (spanning the period from the 1600s to the 1940s) and proceeds to move through and emphasize various additional and more recent eras of significance and evolution and development of the profession. Important topics such as the nursing roots of the profession, the beginnings of professional practice, the founding of educational institutions for nurse-midwives, direct entry into the profession, the founding of professional organizations and challenges as well as opportunities for the future are addressed through a wealth of illustrations, story boxes, end notes, and additional resources.

This book focusses on the clinical aspects and management of pediatric skin disorders, especially seen in darker skin types. It includes unique conditions that the authors have encountered in their lifetime with their independent observations and approach to management. Original high-quality images are used to illustrate most dermatoses described in the book enabling a strong visual impression of the discussed diseases. It hopes to provide readers with a blend of evidence and experience based pediatric dermatology. This book aims to be a hands-on manual that can be referred to during a busy practice as it discusses the practical approach to dermatoses. Key Features Focusses on darker skin types. Examines unusual presentations with detailed clinical features. Discusses the ways to differentiate between similar-appearing diseases. Explores approaches to therapy, especially in resource-poor settings. Covers topics with high quality illustrations.

The aim of this book is to provide evidence-based information on the management of high-risk newborn infants. The book is not meant to be a comprehensive textbook of Neonatology. It is a handbook that will provide useful and practical information for the clinician who manages the sick newborn infants. Sick newborn infants represent a very high-risk population that carries high mortality and morbidity. Neonatal Intensive Care Units around the world have been built and staffed to take care of these sick newborns. Although many of the treatment modalities to improve their outcomes are based on solid data derived from basic science and clinical research, some are not and are simply based on anecdotal experience and clinicians' intuition and belief. This publication will elaborate and affirm the management strategies that are based on solid scientific evidence and discuss those that are not. The information will assist neonatologists and pediatricians in providing the best management options for various illnesses that affect this vulnerable population.

This book provides the reader with a theoretical and practical understanding of two health care delivery models: the patient/child centred care and family-centred care. Both are fundamental to caring for children in healthcare organizations. The authors address their application in a variety of paediatric healthcare contexts, as well as an understanding of legal and ethical issues they raise. Each model is increasingly pursued as a vehicle for guiding the delivery of health care in the best interests of children. Such models of health care delivery shape health care policies, programs, facility design, resource allocation decisions and day-to-day interactions among patients, families, physicians and other health care professionals. To maximize the health and ethical benefits these models offer, there must be shared understanding of what the models entail, as well as the ethical and legal synergies and tensions they can create. This book is a valuable resource for paediatricians, nurses, trainees, graduate students, practitioners of ethics and health policy.

Inspired by the increasing need to consider developmental factors in understanding the etiology and treatment of mental diseases, The Oxford Handbook of Child and Adolescent Eating Disorders: Developmental Perspectives takes an innovative approach to topics surrounding eating disorders in children and early adolescents.
Acknowledging the distinct differences in the development and treatment of eating disorders across age ranges, this volume addresses developmental factors in clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment response in eating disorders.
With sections devoted to feeding disorders of infancy and younger children, eating problems of early childhood and the middle-school age period, early childhood and adolescent 'triggers' such as media exposure and family evolution, and future directions in developmental research for eating disorders, The Oxford Handbook of Child and Adolescent Eating Disorders: Developmental Perspectives is an authoritative work for the next decade of developmental research.

A practical guide to play therapy with children. This book covers aspects of treatment including the selection of appropriate patients, choice of toys, setting limits, and working with parents. The capabilities of group therapy to foster social interaction and psychological development are shown.

This is a comprehensive yet concise review textbook and examination guide covering the entire spectrum of paediatric surgery. The 460 questions and associated explorations are structured such that the complete curriculum is addressed in a systematic manner simply by solving the EMQs and reading the subsequent discussions. Each chapter provides relevant information and evidence-based facts and figures on a specific area, alongside practical discussions from the expert panel of internationally acclaimed authors. It further acts as a compendium of current research by compiling salient details from other texts. Succeeding in Paediatric Surgery Examinations Volume 2 is highly recommended for candidates of postgraduate paediatric examinations. It is an excellent overview that will also be of great benefit to practicing paediatric surgeons and urologists, paediatricians, urologists, general surgeons and orthopaedic surgeons.

This comprehensive text follows an evidence-based approach to thoroughly discuss Atrial septal defects. Since this congenital heart disease mostly presents in adulthood, it becomes imperative to understand the embryology, pathophysiology and anatomy in detail, for effective management of these patients. This book has strong clinical focus on anatomy, natural history, indications, imaging methods and practical aspects of disease management, which inculcates best practice in the day to day management techniques employed by cardiologists, trainees and professionals. Key Features Covers all aspects of atrial septal defects with a logical flow of topics. Serves as a useful guide to clinical cardiologists aiming to specialize in atrial septal defects and professionals entering the field. Explores future directions in diagnosis and treatment, elaborating on the use of 3D echocardiography and Intracardiac echocardiography.

This comprehensive text follows an evidence-based approach to thoroughly discuss Atrial septal defects. Since this congenital heart disease mostly presents in adulthood, it becomes imperative to understand the embryology, pathophysiology and anatomy in detail, for effective management of these patients. This book has strong clinical focus on anatomy, natural history, indications, imaging methods and practical aspects of disease management, which inculcates best practice in the day to day management techniques employed by cardiologists, trainees and professionals. Key Features Covers all aspects of atrial septal defects with a logical flow of topics. Serves as a useful guide to clinical cardiologists aiming to specialize in atrial septal defects and professionals entering the field. Explores future directions in diagnosis and treatment, elaborating on the use of 3D echocardiography and Intracardiac echocardiography.

Advances over the past two decades have enabled physicians to revolutionize the manner in which they can assess and manage children's pain. Thirty years ago it was thought that young children did not experience pain and therefore it was not necessary to treat it. Today professionals from a variety of disciplines have contributed data that have revolutionized medical perspectives. Technological advances now enable doctors to treat acute pain in fetuses, premature neonates, infants, toddlers, children, and adolescents with increasing precision and efficacy. Research highlighting the context of chronic pain has moved them away from a mind-body dichotomy and toward an integrated, holistic perspective that leads to substantial improvement in children's adaptive functioning as well as subjective discomfort. This book covers these topics and is intended for anyone who provides medical care to children. Each chapter provides an overview of the problem, followed by a "hands on" description of relevant assessment and intervention strategies. The role of the primary care practitioner is highlighted, both as a front-line resource as well as a consumer of specialized pediatric pain treatment services. Each chapter ends with a summary and specific bullet points highlighting the most central elements, making for quick and easy reference.

How do we talk about feelings to children who are cut off from feeling? How do we raise hope and a sense of safety in despairing and terrified children without offering false hope? How do we reach the unreachable child and interest the hardened child? The Thinking Heart is a natural sequel to Live Company, Anne Alvarez' highly influential and now classic book about working with severely disturbed and damaged children. Building on 50 years experience as a child and adolescent psychotherapist, Alvarez uses detailed and vivid clinical examples of different interactions between therapist and client, and explores the reasons why one type of therapeutic understanding can work rather than another. She also addresses what happens when the therapist gets it wrong. In The Thinking Heart, Alvarez identifies three different levels of analytic work and communication: * the explanatory level - the "why - because" * the descriptive level - the "whatness" of what the child feels * the intensified vitalizing level - gaining access to feeling itself for children with chronic dissociation, despairing apathy or 'undrawn' autism. The book offers a structured schema drawing on and updating some of her classic work. It is designed to help the therapist to find the right level of interpretation in work with clients and, provides particular help with the unreachable child. It will be of use to Psychotherapists, Psychoanalysts, Clinical and Educational Psychologists, Child Psychiatrists, Social Workers, Special needs teachers and carers of disturbed children. Anne Alvarez is a Consultant Child and Adolescent Psychotherapist and is retired Co-Chair for The Autism Service at the Tavistock Clinic, London. She is currently a visiting teacher and lecturer for the Tavistock Clinic, and a Lecturer on the San Francisco Psychoanalytic Society Child Programme.

With a heavily revised format in consideration of the recent DCH clinical examination changes, this new edition of the comprehensive revision guide provides the candidate with a definitive, one-stop revision resource. Familiarise yourself with the revised format of the examination, including revised timings Learn your revision needs through plentiful scenarios and worked examples Study using the wealth of detailed revision guidance, exam tips, diagrams, and practice cases Written by an experienced author team with extensive knowledge of the exam through its role teaching DCH courses, this title is currently the only revision guide that is focused on the clinical part of the DCH examination. Get Through DCH Clinical is essential reading and revision material for postgraduate candidates preparing for the clinical part of the DCH examination.

Babies who cry a lot, or are unsettled in the night, are common sources of concern for parents and, consequently, costly problems for health services. In this book, Ian St James-Roberts summarises the evidence concerning infant crying and sleeping problems to provide a new evidence-based approach to these common challenges for parents and health services. The book begins by distinguishing between infant and parental parts of the problems and provides guidelines for assessing each issue. Topics covered include: * the pros and cons of 'infant-demand' versus 'limit-setting' forms of parenting * causes of infant 'colicky' crying and night waking * effects of night-time separations on infant attachments * interventions such as swaddling, herbal remedies, and 'controlled crying.' Since there is now firm evidence that parents' vulnerabilities and cultural backgrounds affect how problems are defined and guidance is acted upon, and that parents who wish to do so can reduce infant crying and unsettled night waking, social factors are considered alongside medical issues. Translating research evidence into practical tools and guidance, The Origins, Prevention and Treatment of Infant Crying and Sleeping Problems will be essential reading for a wide range of healthcare professionals including mental health staff, social workers, midwives, health visitors, community physicians and paediatricians.

This new and extensively revised edition of one of the most popular of the Clinics series, brings the original work up to date and clarifies Karel Bobath's account of the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the motor disorders of cerebral palsy. It also highlights the advantages of very early treatment of infants before the disordered postures and movements are established. All those involved with physically handicapped children, and especially therapists, will find the book invaluable reading.

Food security and child malnutrition are at the forefront of our attention, both nationally and internationally. The chapters contained in this compendium include a range of methodologies-literature review, cross-sectional study, longitudinal study, case-control, and even a focus group!-all of which examine this urgent issue, revealing new perspectives and facets of information. The international roster of contributors present a nuanced look at food security and child malnutrition with research into food security measures in many nations around the world. The book is broken into several parts, covering defining food security food security, nutrition, and growth and development food security and mental and physical health food security and child obesity conclusion, with an information study from The Children's Healthwatch on household hardships, public programs, and their associations with the health and development of very young children The range of topics and information presented here will be valuable for those involved with food security advocacy, policymakers, researchers, social service professionals working children and families, and others.

Paediatric Biomechanics and Motor Control brings together the very latest developmental research using biomechanical measurement and analysis techniques and is the first book to focus on biomechanical aspects of child development. The book is divided into four main sections, the biological changes in children; developmental changes in muscular force production; developmental changes in the biomechanics of postural control and fundamental motor skills and finally the applications of research into paediatric biomechanics and motor control in selected clinical populations.

Written by a team of leading experts in paediatric exercise science, biomechanics and motor control from the UK, the US, Australia and Europe, the book is designed to highlight the key implications of this work for scientists, educators and clinicians. Each chapter is preceded by a short overview of the relevant theoretical concepts and concludes with a summary of the practical and clinical applications in relation to the existing literature on the topic. This book is important reading for any sport or exercise scientist, health scientist, physical therapist, sports coach or clinician with an interest in child development or health.

Children and Exercise XXIV presents the latest scientific research into paediatric exercise physiology, endocrinology, kinanthropometry, growth and maturation, and youth sport. Including contributions from a wide-range of leading international experts, the book is arranged into six thematic sections addressing:

• Children's health and well-being
• Physical activity patterns
• Exercise endocrinology
• Elite young athletes
• Aerobic and anaerobic fitness
• Muscle physiology.

Offering critical reviews of current topics and reports of current and on-going research in paediatric health and exercise science, this is a key text for all researchers, teachers, health professionals and students with an interest in paediatric sport and exercise science, sports medicine and physical education.

The papers contained within this volume were first presented at the 24th Pediatric Work Physiology meeting, held in Tallinn, Estonia, in September 2007

Toivo Jurimae is Professor, and Chair of Sport Pedagogy at the Institute of Sport Pedagogy, University of Tartu, Estonia.

Neil Armstrong is Professor of Paediatric Exercise Physiology and Director of the Children's Health and Exercise Research Centre at Exeter University. He is also Deputy Vice-Chancellor of Exeter University.

Jaak Jurimae is Associate Professor in the Faculty of Exercise and Sport Sciences at the University of Tartu, Estonia.

This book focusses on the clinical aspects and management of pediatric skin disorders, especially seen in darker skin types. It includes unique conditions that the authors have encountered in their lifetime with their independent observations and approach to management. Original high-quality images are used to illustrate most dermatoses described in the book enabling a strong visual impression of the discussed diseases. It hopes to provide readers with a blend of evidence and experience based pediatric dermatology. This book aims to be a hands-on manual that can be referred to during a busy practice as it discusses the practical approach to dermatoses. Key Features Focusses on darker skin types. Examines unusual presentations with detailed clinical features. Discusses the ways to differentiate between similar-appearing diseases. Explores approaches to therapy, especially in resource-poor settings. Covers topics with high quality illustrations.