This book follows a context-based approach to management of early-onset scoliosis (EOS) in countries with limited resources in education, finance, and research. Due to the great variety in etiology, onset age, progression rate, and severity associated with EOS, it calls for a unique treatment plan. This book enumerates the optimal provision of surgical and non-surgical services, from education/training of local surgeons, to effective teamwork, to implementing an effective data collection system; helping the surgeon to gain a hands-on experience. It also illustrates the successful execution of deformity correction using real life experiences from countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. Key Features Discusses biomedical principles that will help to get universally standard implants that are credible and affordable for countries with limited resources. Specific surgical Guidelines and the ability to develop evidence-based practice for this service would be an interesting read for surgeons working in global organizations as well as to local surgeons. First book to focus on countries with limited resources for the management of early onset scoliosis.

This issue of Pediatric Clinics offers an update on Nutritional Deficiencies. Guest Editors Drs. Praveen Goday and Timothy Sentongo have assembled a panel of world-class experts who offer reviews on topics including Protein-energy malnutrition, Nutritional deficiencies in the developing world, Nutritional deficiencies in children on restricted diets, Nutritional deficiencies in obesity (including bariatric surgery), Nutritional deficiencies during normal growth, Nutritional deficiencies during critical illness, Nutritional deficiencies in preterm infants, Nutritional deficiencies in liver disease, Short bowel syndrome, Cystic fibrosis, Refeeding syndrome, and Therapies associated with nutrient deficiencies (Sulfasalazine, methotrexate, seizure medications, steroids).

This issue of Pediatric Clinics, guest edited by Drs. Leonard Feld and Shabnam Jain, reviews the topic of Pediatric Quality. The issue opens by examining the case for quality improvement in pediatrics. Approaches to improve pediatric health care, driving children's healthcare initiatives, and the future of quality on pediatric practice are examined.

Fetal Neurology is covered in this issue of Clinics in Perinatology, guest edited by Dr. Adre du Plessis. The genetic basis of normal brain development and its disorders is explored, including reviews on the prosencephalon, the cerebral cortex, and the cerebellum. Next, normal and abnormal circulatory support of the fetal brain is covered, with articles on normal fetal cerebral substrate supply, disorders of placental circulation and the fetal brain, and disorders of fetal circulation and the fetal brain. Toxic-metabolic causes of disturbed brain development is reviewed, including articles on primary disorders of metabolism and disturbed fetal brain development and maternal drug abuse and impaired fetal brain development. Next, a section on infectious-inflammatory causes of disturbed brain development includes articles on fetal viral infections and impaired brain development and fetal inflammation and impaired brain development. A section on disorders of labor and delivery covers fetal hypoxia insults and patterns of brain injury, the fetal heart rate response to hypoxia, and non-asphyxial hypoxic-ischemic brain injury during prolonged labor. The issue closes with a section on advances in fetal neurodiagnostic testing, including reviews on imaging the fetal brain, quantitative fetal heart rate techniques, and fetal magnetoencephalography for assessment of fetal neurologic function.

Topics include: Normal Sleep and Neurobehavioral Development in Children and Adolescents, The Neurocognitive Effects of Sleep Disruption in Children and Adolescents, Evaluation of Sleep Disorders in Children and Adolescents, Epidemiology and Classification of Childhood Sleep Disorders, Family and Cultural Influences on Sleep Development, Sleep Characteristics in Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Sleep Disturbances in Children and Adolescents with Anxiety Disorders, Post-Traumatic Stress, and a History of Abuse, Sleep and Mood Disorders in Children and Adolescents, Sleep Patterns in Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), Sleep and Substance Use and Abuse, Parasomnias in Children and Adolescents with Psychiatric Disorders, Hypersomnias in Children and Adolescents: Interface with Psychiatric Disorders, Pediatric Insomnia: From Infancy to Adolescence, Medical-Legal Aspects of Pediatric Sleep Medicine

Fourteen specialists from across the European Union discuss current issues regarding Middle Eastern and North African immigrants in Europe, focusing on topics such as immigration legislation, assimilation, integration, multiculturalism, community formation, citizenship, political participation, and religious and cultural identities.
This book was previously published as a special issue of the journal Immigrants and Minorities.

Concise, readable, and up to date, Nelson Essentials of Pediatrics, 9th Edition, provides the must-know information you need in pediatrics from the name you trust. A readable, full-color format; high-yield, targeted chapters; and thorough content updates ensure strong coverage of core knowledge as well as recent advances in the field. This focused resource is ideal for medical students, pediatric residents, PAs, and nurse practitioners in various educational and practice settings, including pediatric residencies, clerkships, and exams. Covers normal childhood growth and development, as well as the diagnosis, management, and prevention of common pediatric diseases and disorders. Contains new coverage of COVID-19, Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C), and Vaping-Induced Lung Injury. Includes Pearls for Practitioners at the end of each section, as well as updated immunization schedules and an expanded discussion of trauma-informed care. Features well written, high-yield coverage throughout, following COMSEP curriculum guidelines relevant to your pediatric clerkship or rotation. Uses a full-color format with images and numerous new tables throughout, so you can easily visualize complex information. Provides real-world insights from chapter authors who are also Clerkship Directors, helping you gain the knowledge and skills necessary to succeed both in caring for patients and in preparing for clerkship or in-service examinations. Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices. Evolve Instructor site with an image and test bank is available to instructors through their Elsevier sales rep or via request at https://evolve.elsevier.com.

This two-part issue of the Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America brings the practicing endocrinologist up to date on the most important topics in pediatric endocrinology. Part I covers genomics: genetic disorders and new techniques; newborn screening; hormones in the premature infant; congenital disorders of the thyroid: hyper/hypo; glucose in the PIC setting; diabetes prevention; obesity: etiology, prevention, and treatment; metabolic syndrome in pediatrics; complementary and alternative medicine in pediatric endocrinology; imaging in pediatric endocrine dosoirders; U/S gonads; and global epidemiology of Type 1 diabetes.

First, Infant Development is discussed. Then there are two articles on assessment in early childhood psychiatry: Psychiatric assessment, and Assessment of the caregiver-child relationship in early childhood psychiatry. Early Childhood Mental Health Problems are discussed next, such as Internalizing, Trauma and PTSD, Preschool Disruptive Behavior and ADHD (as viewed through a developmental lens), Pervasive Developmental Disorders, and Parental Psychopathology. In the next section, Early Childhood Specific Treatment Modalities are reviewed: Interventions for Behavioral Problems, Interventions for trauma--exposed dyads: Infant - Parent Psychotherapy and Child - Parent Psychotherapy, Video feedback in parent-infant treatment, Psychosocial interventions with biological effects: Bucharest Early Intervention Project, and Psychopharmacological interventions in preschoolers. Finally, Models of Care are proposed.

The subject of medicalisation of childbirth in colonial India has so far been identified with three major themes: the attempt to reform or 'sanitise' the site of birthing practices, establishing lying-in hospitals and replacing traditional birth attendants with trained midwives and qualified female doctors. This book, part of the series The Social History of Health and Medicine in South Asia, looks at the interactions between childbirth and midwifery practices and colonial modernities. Taking eastern India as a case study and related research from other areas, with hard empirical data from local government bodies, municipal corporations and district boards, it goes beyond the conventional narrative to show how the late nineteenth-century initiatives to reform birthing practices were essentially a modernist response of the western-educated colonised middle class to the colonial critique of Indian sociocultural codes. It provides a perceptive historical analysis of how institutionalisation of midwifery was shaped by the debates on the women's question, nationalism and colonial public health policies, all intersecting in the interwar years. The study traces the beginning of medicalisation of childbirth, the professionalisation of obstetrics, the agency of male doctors, inclusion of midwifery as an academic subject in medical colleges and consequences of maternal care and infant welfare. This book will greatly interest scholars and researchers in history, social medicine, public policy, gender studies and South Asian studies.

When antibiotics became readily available in the 1950s, the danger of life-threatening infectious childhood diseases virtually disappeared. In that era, pediatricians broadened the core professional task of their specialty--the prevention and treatment of such diseases--to incorporate the behavioral and psychosocial problems of children and adolescents. Pediatricians themselves began to refer to this changing emphasis as the "new pediatrics," and to see the trend as a natural progression of their specialty into new areas of care. At the same time there arose widespread disaffection among practicing general pediatricians, defection to other areas of practice, and a decline in the popularity of pediatrics as a specialty choice.

In analyzing the emergence of the new pediatrics as a case study within medical sociology, Pawluch shows how professional concerns and interests infl uence debate around social problems. As sociologists began to take greater interest in the problems of childhood, and as children's lives became increasingly medicalized--as some have argued--it is at least in part because of pediatricians' willingness to endorse medical defi nitions for certain social problems and to provide treatment for them.

Pawluch's underlying concern is that medical professionals have begun to make claims for authority in the definition of what constitutes the social problems of childhood. Among the topics she examines are the "dissatisfied pediatrician syndrome," the potential for a crisis in oversupply of pediatricians and competing providers of services, the push for expansion into new areas of care, and possible future developments in this specialty.

"Dorothy Pawluch" is assistant professor of sociology at McMaster University. Her areas of interest include sociology of health and health care; deviance/social problems; work and occupations; and social psychology. She is the author of numerous book chapters and journal articles.

This second edition comes at a time of a paradigm shift in understanding of the molecular pathology and neuroscience of brain and spinal tumors of childhood and their mechanisms of growth within the developing brain. Excellent collaborative translational networks of researchers are starting to drive change in clinical practise through the need to test many ideas in trials and scientific initiatives. This text reflects the growing concern to understand the impact of the tumour and its treatment upon the full functioning of the child's developing brain and to integrate the judgments of the risks of acquiring brain damage with the risk of death and the consequences for the quality of life for those who survive. Information on the principles of treatment has been thoroughly updated. A chapter also records the extraordinary work done by advocates. All medical and allied professionals involved in any aspect of the clinical care of these patients will find this book an invaluable resource.

This issue of Clinics in Perinatology, guest edited by Dr. Hanmin Lee, examines the topic of Fetal Surgery. The issue begins with an overview, including the history of fetal surgery, ethical implications, and maternal management and outcome. Imaging (including Ultrasound, MRI, and Echocardiology) and Specific Diseases (including Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia, Fetal Lung Lesions, Obstructive Uropathy, TTTS, MMC, TRAP and other discordant twins, and Congenital Cardiac Anomalies) are also examines. The issue concludes with a look at research and future directions, including Stem Cell Transplant/Gene Therapy, Consortiums/Registries, and Fetal Tissue Engineering.

In long-ago 1999, the Dyslexia Institute and Plenum Press conceived a plan for two books which would gather the best of current knowledge and practice in dyslexia studies. This would benefit those-but not only those-many individuals who train with us, acquiring a postgraduate certificate and diploma with our higher education partner, the University of York. Since then, the century changed, the hinge of history creaked and Plenum was taken over by Kluwer Academic Publishers, but the first of the pair, Dyslexia in Practice, emerged quickly and on schedule (Townend and Turner, 2000). Written by staff and close associates of the Institute, its chapters were produced under close scrutiny and with the expedition of a command economy. To our delight, the book has seen a success which went beyond the dreams of its editors: it has been adopted by other courses similar to our own and is widely referred to. The same was never likely to be true of The Study of Dyslexia, which was envisaged as a theoretical companion volume written by authors and researchers of international repute. Nearly five years after the idea first took shape, this second volume now arrives to complete the enterprise, but it has been a very different project.

In recent years there has been an increase in research into childhood depression, and it is now recognised that depression can severely impair young people in many aspects of their life, school, peer and social relationships, and frequently persists into adulthood. Depression: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy with Children and Young People provides an accessible guide to recognising and treating depression in young people. Based on a successful manual developed for research trials, this book presents an overview of a cognitive behavioural model for working with this age group, as well as practical ideas about how to start therapy. Topics covered include: engaging young people setting goals for therapy cognitive behaviour assessment and formulation solutions for problems practitioners may face encouraging parents and agencies to support therapy. Depression includes case examples and practical tips to prepare the practitioner for working with young people. Information is presented in a readable and practical style making this book ideal for professionals working in child and adolescent mental health services, as well as those in training. It will also be a useful guide for people working in community services for young people. Online resources: The appendices of this book contain worksheets that can be downloaded free of charge to purchasers of the print version. Please visit the website to find out more about this facility

Child Abuse and Neglect is reviewed in this issue of Pediatric Clinics, guest edited by Dr. Andrew Sirotnak. Authorities in the field have come together to pen articles on physical abuse (including abusive head trauma, retinal hemorrhages, and fractures), neglect (including drug exposed children, what has changed, what is reported, cultural aspects, system response, and outcomes), systems (including foster care, home visitation models, child abuse prevention education, implications for child advocacy efforts, mental health care for the abused child and the offending family, challenges in access to care, public policy, child fatality review teams, the growth of systematic review, changes in definitions of SIDS, SUDS, and domestic violence prevention) and the future of the child abuse field (including education and subspecialty certification, the role of the primary care provider, the medical legal interface, and old and new national and international challenges).

Child Psychotherapy and Research brings together some of the most exciting and innovative research activity taking place within psychoanalytic child psychotherapy today.

Drawing on the expertise of an international range of contributors, this book describes work at the cutting edge of research in psychoanalytic child psychotherapy and related areas. It presents many of the emerging findings while also illustrating a whole range of methodologies both quantitative and qualitative that have been developed to investigate this field. The book examines the historical and philosophical background of child psychotherapy research and shows how research illuminates different clinical phenomena, the processes of psychotherapy, its evaluation and outcome.

Recent developments in therapeutic work with children, including the increased focus on evidence-based practice, make research a much higher priority in the field than ever before. With this increasing significance, a whole new generation of clinicians are required to become familiar and competent with research methods and research literature. Child Psychotherapy and Research will be a vital resource for anyone involved in research and training related to psychotherapy and child mental health, as well as of great interest to a range of mental health professionals.

This book is the first attempt to validate behavior modification techniques in a carefully controlled experimental treatment environment for emotionally disturbed children. Such special settings permit carefully conducted research experiments can be carried out. This is the first book to synthesize scientific and clinical approaches to human behavior, indicating that behavior modification may one day be as much an applied science as engineering or medicine.

This experimental approach introduces scientific rigor to the clinical setting, as evidenced by precise measurement of behavior variables, detailed specification of treatment procedures, and the use of sophisticated experimental designs to provide objective evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment programs. In this approach, series of idiographic (single-subject) case studies are conducted in a precise manner with each patient-subject admitted to the treatment program. The general research methodology is similar to that used in the broad area of operant conditioning, and most work reported in the book was conducted within a learning theory or behavior-modification framework.

Browning and Stover discuss the general problems of developing and controlling a total therapeutic milieu, presenting practical discussions of problems of data collection, decisions about treatment programs to be used, staffing problems, and documental opinion on the relative values of various treatment techniques. Throughout attention is devoted to developing a method for answering common questions of parent, child-care worker, and professional. The authors conducted symposia on the material contained in this book at various national and regional meetings and have lectured extensively on college campuses. It is a ground-breaking study.

In recent years there has been an increase in research into childhood depression, and it is now recognised that depression can severely impair young people in many aspects of their life, school, peer and social relationships, and frequently persists into adulthood.

Depression: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy with Children and Young People provides an accessible guide to recognising and treating depression in young people. Based on a successful manual developed for research trials, this book presents an overview of a cognitive behavioural model for working with this age group, as well as practical ideas about how to start therapy. Topics covered include:

• engaging young people
• setting goals for therapy
• cognitive behaviour assessment and formulation
• solutions for problems practitioners may face
• encouraging parents and agencies to support therapy.

Depression includes case examples and practical tips to prepare the practitioner for working with young people. Information is presented in a readable and practical style making this book ideal for professionals working in child and adolescent mental health services, as well as those in training. It will also be a useful guide for people working in community services for young people.

Online resources:

The appendices of this book contain worksheets that can be downloaded free of charge to purchasers of the print version. Please visit the website to find out more about this facility

Current Controversies in Perinatology is covered in this issue of Clinics in Perinatology, guest edited by Drs. Michael Uhing and Robert Kliegman. Authorities in the field have come together to pen articles on Strategies to prevent bacterial and fungal infection in the NICU, Drugs of choice for sedation and analgesia in the NICU, Iron therapy for preterm infants, Management of fetal arrhythmias, Inhaled nitric oxide for preterm infants, Racial disparity in low birth weight and infant mortality, Evaluation and treatment of hypotension in the preterm infant, Indications for home apnea monitoring, Short bowel syndrome: how short is too short?, Anemia in the preterm infant: the role of transfusions and erythropoietin, Evaluation and management of stroke in the neonate, Screening for postpartum depression in the NICU, Treatment of gastroesophageal reflux in the preterm and term infant, Optimizing growth in the preterm infant, The role of postnatal steroids in the treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and The role of genomics in the NICU.

Concise Paediatrics, second edition is essential reading for all postgraduates training in paediatrics, particularly when preparing for the MRCPCH exam, and for general practice trainees preparing for the DCH exam. It will also be invaluable to doctors in other medical specialties who come into contact with children on a regular basis, as a comprehensive but concise, quick reference to any condition they are likely to encounter on the wards or in the accident and emergency room. Designed to provide the reader with a full understanding of all of the areas covered by the MRCPCH, Concise Paediatrics, second edition is structured logically by body system, with additional chapters on such topics as genetics, infectious disease, neonatology and emergencies. Edited by two highly experience paediatricians, their knowledge complemented by a group of specialist contributors, it is written in a succinct, user-friendly style, and has many lists, boxes and annotated diagrams to aid learning and retention of the facts. Since the first edition was published in 2000, Concise Paediatrics has established itself as the textbook of choice for MRCPCH candidates, and will remain a must-have' with this revised and updated second edition.

Children and Exercise XXIV presents the latest scientific research into paediatric exercise physiology, endocrinology, kinanthropometry, growth and maturation, and youth sport. Including contributions from a wide-range of leading international experts, the book is arranged into six thematic sections addressing: Children's health and well-being Physical activity patterns Exercise endocrinology Elite young athletes Aerobic and anaerobic fitness Muscle physiology. Offering critical reviews of current topics and reports of current and on-going research in paediatric health and exercise science, this is a key text for all researchers, teachers, health professionals and students with an interest in paediatric sport and exercise science, sports medicine and physical education. The papers contained within this volume were first presented at the 24th Pediatric Work Physiology meeting, held in Tallinn, Estonia, in September 2007 Toivo Jurimae is Professor, and Chair of Sport Pedagogy at the Institute of Sport Pedagogy, University of Tartu, Estonia. Neil Armstrong is Professor of Paediatric Exercise Physiology and Director of the Children's Health and Exercise Research Centre at Exeter University. He is also Deputy Vice-Chancellor of Exeter University. Jaak Jurimae is Associate Professor in the Faculty of Exercise and Sport Sciences at the University of Tartu, Estonia.

A panel of prominent clinician-scientists comprehensively reviews the latest developments in pediatric pain management, with special emphasis on the setting in which pain is detected and managed. The authors explore the cutting-edge of children's pain care in inpatient, outpatient, palliative care, school, and residential settings, and describe alternate approaches, including complementary and alternative medicine, pain management via the internet and information technology, and pain care in developing countries.

Midwives are encountering more and more women whose pregnancies are complicated by medical conditions, including cardiac disease, obesity and diabetes. This new edition is completely up-to-date and offers highly practical solutions for everyday midwifery practice, acknowledging the importance of promoting normality where possible. This text includes physiology, explanations of conditions and principles of care for preconception, pregnancy, labour, birth and the postnatal period. Each chapter brings together the basic knowledge of a condition and how it changes during pregnancy in an integrated and accessible way, including a new chapter dedicated to obesity. Explanations of laboratory tests, diagnostic tests, common drugs and illustrative colour pictures are included in relevant chapters. Medical Conditions Affecting Pregnancy and Childbirth is a vital guide for student midwives, as well as a useful reference for practising midwives.

Evidence-based Pediatric Infectious Diseases is a practical guide to the diagnosis and management of childhood infections in clinical practice. Renowned Clinical Professor of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, David Isaacs, and an expert consultant editor team, bring you the first book to critically look at the evidence for decision making in pediatric infections.
Based around illustrative case studies, each chapter presents and analyzes current evidence on the management of different pediatric infections and provides firm treatment recommendations based on evidence of:
* efficacy and safety
* antibiotic resistance
* cost
* adverse effects
* ethical considerations.
Clear summaries and specific guidance allow you to assess the evidence for yourself and make rapid but informed management decisions based on the strength of evidence available. Antibiotic doses are presented clearly and simply, enabling you to select appropriate treatment at a glance.
This book uses a case-based approach that focuses on the most common disease areas affecting children in industrialized countries, developing countries, travelers and refugees. It is an up-to-date, relevant and widely applicable text that carefully examines the evidence for antibiotics and other interventions whilst encouraging a conservative and responsible approach to antibiotic use.
Evidence-based Pediatric Infectious Diseases is an indispensable resource for any practitioner who strives to provide the best evidence-based care for childhood infections.