Cardiac Drug Development Guide outlines, in detail, the therapeutics of cardiac medicine currently at the cutting edge of scientific research and development around the world. This volume integrates basic and clinical cardiac pharmacology by c- bining, for the first time, both classical and molecular aspects of therapeutic drug development. The chapters comprise a broad spectrum of therapeutic areas and hence involve a comprehensive discussion of molecular, biochemical, and electrophy- ological concepts based on years of in vitro as well as in vivo pharmacological st- ies. In addition, the latter part of the book includes comprehensive clinical cardiac chapters that describe important topics in molecular medicine. These chapters also discuss current clinical therapeutic trends in medicine and provide an evaluation of the efficacy of novel drugs in these areas. Cardiac Drug Development Guide has many distinctive and outstanding features that set it apart from other cardiac pharmacology books. This book introduces topics in an easily understandable format for researchers in many varying disciplines by integrating and thereby simplifying concepts not usually discussed across a broad range of cardiac disciplines and in a highly technical field. Each chapter not only introduces and describes the physiology, pharmacology, and pathophysiology of the disease, but also overviews the clinical implications of drug development, what stages these areas are currently in, and also reviews some of the methodologies involved in drug discovery and development. As a result, this book provides a comprehensive overview of the most advanced procedures in cardiac pharmacology today.

This book focuses on recently developed High Throughput Screening (HTS) assay protocols, many involved in the ToxCast and/or Tox21 initiatives, and the relevant HTS data analysis techniques. Divided into three sections, in vitro assays, in vivo assays, and computational techniques to analyze HTS data are all examined. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, most chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, High Throughput Screening Assays in Toxicology serves as a valuable reference resource for translating new HTS techniques into standardized chemical toxicity assessment tools in order to advance modern toxicology research to a new era where HTS techniques can partially replace the prevailing animal models.

Chemistry and Biology is a celebration of the outstanding contributions to the field by Professor R.H.F. Manske, who founded the series in 1950. This special volume demonstrates the dramatic changes in alkaloidchemistry since then. It also offers a unique overview of recent developments in major areas of alkaloid chemistry and biology and looks at how these areas will develop in the future. These fourteen contributions are written by many of the leading alkaloid chemists in the world, and thus comprise a unique view of alkaloids and their contributions to the health and well-being of humankind.
Key Features
* Unique contributions from twenty of the world's leading alkaloid chemists
* Critical reviews of the major progress in alkaloid chemistry
* Considered commentary on the future of alkaloid chemistry
* State-of-the-art insight into the role of alkaloids in the health sciences, biotechnology, and the elucidation of fundamental biological processes

The development of new drugs is very complex, costly and risky. Its success is highly dependent on an intense collaboration and interaction between many departments within the drug development organization, external investigators and service providers, in constant dialogue with regulatory authorities, payers, academic experts, clinicians and patient organizations. Within the different phases of the drug life cycle, drug development is by far the most crucial part for the initial and continued success of a drug on the market.

This book offers an introduction to the field of drug development with a clear overview of the different processes that lead to a successful new medicine and of the regulatory pathways that are used to launch a new drug that are both safe and efficacious.

"This is the most comprehensive and detailed book on drug development I have ever read and I feel that it is likely to become a staple of drug development courses, such as those taught at Masters Level in my own University.... I think in the light of increasing integration of company and academic approaches to drug development both sides can read this book.. (and, therefore)... this book could not be more timely. "

"Professor Mike Coleman, University of Aston., UK ( from his review of the final manuscript) "

Molecular imaging plays an important role in drug discovery and advanced medical practice. A symposium of world leaders in drug research and development, molecular imaging, and medical therapy including regenerative treatment and radiation therapy has led to the publication of this book. Based on the proceedings of the symposium, many excellent ideas and valuable discussions are introduced that will guide the reader toward new advances in photon detection and protein modification as well as new developments in molecular imaging itself. Both protein modification and photon detection are emerging technologies that hold forth the promise of innovative strategies for drug discovery and medical care. The publication of these proceedings is a timely means of sharing significant experience and knowledge with many specialists all over the world. This book will be of great value to a wide variety of researchers in the fields of drug development and molecular imaging technologies, leading to integrated medical therapy and progress in human health.

This timely book provides an overview of natural products/botanicals used for the management of insect-pest and diseases. It will help readers to update and widen their knowledge about natural products and their bio-activities against plant pathogens. The volume explores activity, chemistry, toxicity and geographic distribution of plants. Discussions concerning the methodology used for the detection of active principles, their mode of action and commercial prospects are of utmost importance and worthy of note.
* Focuses on recent achievements in natural bio-actives
* Global coverage of natural products / plants
* Targets the most important issues of natural botanicals/ biocides
* Includes innovative ideas with lucid explanations
* Contains specialized chapters, such as, natural control of multi-drug resistant organisms, anti-salmonella agents, natural house-dust-mite control agents, and naturally occurring anti-insect proteins, etc.
* Covers research on bioactives: From Lab to Field and Field to Market
* Includes eco-friendly and economically viable herbal technology

An increasing number of exercise scientists are applying their skills collaboratively (with medics and physiotherapists) to clinical populations and investigating the effects of exercise in relation to wide-ranging clinical, pathophysiological and psycho-social outcomes. The book is aimed at final year Undergraduate and Master's level students of Exercise Science, who are interested in working with clinical populations such as cancer patients. Many university Sport and Exercise Science courses in the UK and USA now have modules which are focused on exercise for health, and cover aspects of exercise science which are appropriate for clinical populations. The book would also be a very valuable resource for Undergraduate and Postgraduate Physiotherapy courses and a very useful resource for students of Exercise Science and Physiotherapy, as well as practitioners working with cancer patients.There are an increasing amount of research opportunities for exercise scientists who are interested in working with clinical populations. Furthermore, a considerable amount of Government and Charity research funding is being targeted at active lifestyles and this is helping to generate a new culture of collaboration between exercise scientists and medics. Hence, it is highly likely that an increasing number of students from Sport and Exercise Science courses will pursue careers within the clinical realm in the future. Practicing exercise therapists, clinical exercise physiologists and physiotherapists would also find lots of useful up-to-date knowledge to support their evidence-based clinical practice. This book would also be of interest to informed readers who are themselves undergoing or recovering from cancer treatment.

Written with practitioners in mind, this new edition of "Stephen's Detection of Adverse Drug Reactions: Principle and Practice" continues to be one of the corner stones of the pharmaceutical medicine list. The classic text covers the issues and problems involved in the detection of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) throughout the life cycle of a medicine from animal studies through to clinical trials, its introduction to the market, followed by wide clinical use, and eventual decline in use or withdrawal. The sixth edition is completely revised and updated including five new chapters on pharmacogenomics, ADRs with herbal medicines, safety of medical devices, safety issues with oncology drugs, and economic aspects of ADRs. All tables and web information needed in order to practice are included to make this sixth edition a complete primer for the new practitioner and a reference for the more experienced.

The inducible isoforms of the enzymes cyclooxygenase (COX 2), nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) have generated great interest as possible therapeutic targets in inflammation. This book is the first publication to address the importance of all three enzymes and the consequences of their interactions to the inflammatory process. The book brings together overviews by leading researchers in the field of the current status of knowledge of COX, NOS and HO in inflammation. These overviews cover a series of new concepts in the mechanism of inflammation. Topics include inducible enzyme involvement in inflammatory processes including the role in vascular permeability, leukocycte migration, granuloma formation, angiogenesis, neuroinflammation and algesia. New findings from transgenic animal models are reviewed. Other chapters address the importance of these enzymes in inflammatory disease states including rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis and multiple sclerosis. The possibility of selective inhibitors or inducers of COX, NOS and HO, and their use in the clinic is discussed. The subject matter of this book is of interest to rheumatologists, pathologists, pharmacologists, neuroscientists and anyone with an academic interest in the mechanisms of inflammation.

Six decades after the serendipitous discovery of chlorpromazine as an antipsychotic and four decades after the launch of clozapine, the first atypical or second generation antipsychotic, psychopharmacology has arrived at an important crossroad. It is clear that pharmacological research and pharmaceutical development must now focus on complementary or even alternative mechanisms of action to address unmet medical needs, i.e. poorly treated domains of schizophrenia, improved acceptance by patients, better adherence to medication, safety in psychoses in demented patients, and avoiding cardiac and metabolic adverse effects. The first completely novel mechanisms evolving from our insights into the pathophysiology of psychotic disorders, especially the role of glutamatergic mechanisms in schizophrenia, are now under development, and further principles are on the horizon. This situation, in many respects similar to that when the initial second-generation antipsychotics became available, can be rewarding for all. Preclinical and clinical researchers now have the opportunity to confirm their hypotheses and the pharmaceutical industry may be able to develop really novel classes of therapeutics.

When we were approached by the publishers of the Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology to prepare a new volume on antipsychotics, our intention was to capture both, the accumulated preclinical and clinical knowledge about current antipsychotics as well as prospects for new and potentially more specific antischizophrenia principles. These efforts should be based on the pathophysiology of the diseases and the affected neurotransmitter systems. Since preclinical research on antipsychotic compounds is only reliable when intimately linked through translational aspects to clinical results, we decided to include clinical science as well. It turned out that that this endeavor could not be covered by a single volume. We thank the editorial board and the publishers for supporting our decision to prepare two volumes: Current Antipsychotics and Novel Antischizophrenia Treatments. These topics cannot really be separated from one another and should be seen as a composite entity despite the somewhat arbitrary separation of contributions into two volumes. The continuing challenges of developing improved and safer antipsychotic medications remain of concern and are discussed in the first volume. The new opportunities for the field to develop and license adjunctive treatments for the negative symptoms and cognitive deficits that are treated inadequately by existing compounds have been incentivized recently and provide the focus for the second volume. We hope these collective contributions will facilitate the development of improved treatments for the full range of symptomatology seen in the group of schizophrenias and other major psychotic disorders.

Gerhard Gross, Ludwigshafen, Germany

Mark A. Geyer, La Jolla, CA

This volume will try to put current therapy - achievements, shortcomings, remaining medical needs - and emerging new targets into the context of increasing knowledge regarding the genetic and neurodevelopmental contributions to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Some of the chapters will also deal with respective experimental and clinical methodology, biomarkers, and translational aspects of drug development. Non-schizophrenia indications will be covered to some extent, but not exhaustively."

Due to the rapid and steady growth of available low-cost computer power, the use of computers for discovering and designing new drugs is becoming a central topic in modern molecular biology and medicinal chemistry. In Computational Drug Discovery and Design: Methods and Protocols expert researchers in the field provide key techniques to investigate biomedical applications for drug developments based on computational chemistry. These include methods and techniques from binding sites prediction to the accurate inclusion of solvent and entropic effects, from high-throughput screening of large compound databases to the expanding area of protein-protein inhibition, toward quantitative free-energy approaches in ensemble-based drug design using distributed computing. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology (TM) series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, reference to software and open source analysis tools, step-by-step, readily reproducible computational protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Thorough and intuitive, Computational Drug Discovery and Design: Methods and Protocols aids scientists in the continuing study of state-of-the-art concepts and computer-based methodologies.

The purpose of this book is to provide a current perspective on the epidemiology head and neck cancer. Cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx comprise an important group of tumors with diverse international patterns of incidence and mortality, established risk factors, suggested association with a virus, and potential genetic susceptibility determinants. These tumors offer a unique insight into mechanisms of cancer initiation and progression and gene-exposure interaction.

This book illustrates the current state-of-the-art in histamine research, with a focus on the appropriate methodologies to investigate the pharmacological properties and the therapeutic exploitation of HRs and their ligands. In addition, the range of techniques described provides an introduction to complementary cross-methodological disciplines beyond these fields. This multi-disciplinary approach is required to define the 'decision gates' that determine the development of more effective and safer therapeutic options for many forms of highly prevalent and debilitating diseases, such as asthma, dementias, dermatitis, and arthritis. Written for the Methods in Pharmacology and Toxicology series, chapters concentrate on practical, hands-on protocols from experts in the techniques. Authoritative and thorough, Histamine Receptors as Drug Targets seeks to aid pharmacologists, biochemists, drug discovery researchers, molecular biologists, chemists, toxicologists, lab scientists, medical doctors, principle investigators, research scientists, lab directors and technicians, as well as graduate students around the world in pursuing the study of this vital scientific area.

In Handbook of Drug Monitoring Methods: Therapeutics and Drug Abuse, authors discuss the different analytical techniques used in todaya (TM)s practice of therapeutic drug monitoring and drugs of abuse as well as alcohol testing with relevant theory, mechanism, and in-depth scientific discussion on each topic. This volume is the perfect handbook and quick reference for any clinical laboratory, allowing clinicians to find the potential source of a false-positive or a false-negative result in the daily operation of a toxicology laboratory. At the same time, this book can also be used as a reference for medical technologists, supervisors, laboratory directors, clinical chemists, toxicologists, and pathologists to find in-depth cause of a potential interference and what tests can be ordered to circumvent such problem. The volumea (TM)s first half focuses on various issues of therapeutic drug monitoring. Additional chapters cover analysis of heavy metals, alcohol testing, and issues of drugs of abuse testing. These chapters are written by experts in their relative sub-specialties and also by the editor. Comprehensive and timely, Handbook of Drug Monitoring Methods: Therapeutics and Drug Abuse is the ideal text for clinicians and researchers monitoring alcohol and drug testing and other important tasks of toxicological laboratory services.

This book continues as volume 2 of a multi-compendium on Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants. It covers edible fruits/seeds used fresh or processed, as vegetables, spices, stimulants, pulses, edible oils and beverages. It encompasses species from the following families: Clusiaceae, Combretaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Dilleniaceae, Ebenaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Ericaceae and Fabaceae. This work will be of significant interest to scientists, researchers, medical practitioners, pharmacologists, ethnobotanists, horticulturists, food nutritionists, agriculturists, botanists, herbalogists, conservationists, teachers, lecturers, students and the general public. Topics covered include: taxonomy (botanical name and synonyms); common English and vernacular names; origin and distribution; agro-ecological requirements; edible plant part and uses; botany; nutritive and medicinal/pharmacological properties, medicinal uses and current research findings; non-edible uses; and selected/cited references.

Approx.330 pages

"The Textbook of Pharmaceutical Medicine" is the standard reference for everyone working and learning in pharmaceutical medicine. It is a comprehensive resource covering the processes and practices by which medicines are developed, tested and approved, and the recognised text for the Diploma in Pharmaceutical Medicine from the Faculty of Pharmaceutical Medicine.

This fully revised Seventh Edition, which includes two new Editors, encompasses current developments within pharmaceutical medicine with new chapters on biological therapeutics, pharmacovigilance, vaccines, drugs for cancer, drug development in paediatrics and neonatalogy, the clinical trials directive, life cycle management of medicines, counterfeit medicines and medical marketing. Also included for easy reference, and referred to throughout the text, are the Declaration of Helsinki, Guidelines and Documentation for Implementation of Clinical Trials, relevant European Directives and the Syllabus for Pharmaceutical Medicine.

Written by an international team of leading academics, medical directors and lawyers, "The Textbook of Pharmaceutical Medicine, Seventh Edition" meets the needs of both those working in pharmaceutical medicine and preparing for the Diploma in Pharmaceutical Medicine.

The text breaks down into three core sections:

Part I: Research and DevelopmentPart II: RegulationPart III: Healthcare marketplaceView Table of Contents in detail

The past 6 years since the first edition of this book have seen great progress in the development of genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models of cancer. These models are finding an important role in furthering our understanding of the biology of malignant disease. A comfortable position for GEM models in the routine conduct of screening for potential new therapeutics is coming more slowly but is coming. Increasing numbers of genetically engineered mice are available, some with conditional activation of oncogenes, some with multiple genetic changes providing mouse models that are moving closer to the human disease.

Proof of the efficacy of dermatological products is a prerequisite for clinical testing and registration. Now, efficacy claims for cosmetics must be equally substantiated. This book provides a concise, practical but comprehensive overview of experimental models used to screen, develop and select dermatological and cosmetic formulations. The authors are recognized specialists in their field and use a standardized approach to the projects facilitating the reading for the stressed scientist, for the R+D managers general view as well as for the beginners in the field.

Coronavirus Drug Discovery, Volume Two: Antiviral Agents from Natural Products and Nanotechnological Applications presents detailed information on drug discovery against COVID-19. Sections in this volume present chapters that focus on the various antiviral agents from natural products that have the propensity to be used as chemical scaffolds for the development of drugs against COVID-19. Also captured are the dietary sources of antioxidant bioactives that may help boost the immune system for the management of COVID-19. Other chapters describe the application of nanotechnology for efficient and effective delivery of drugs against COVID-19. Written by global team of experts, this book is an excellent resource for drug developers, medicinal chemists, pharmaceutical companies in R&D and research institutes in both academia and industry.

This volume addresses neuronal pain mechanisms at the peripheral, spinal and supraspinal level which are thought to significantly contribute to pain and which may be the basis for the development of new treatment principles. Chapters on nociceptive mechanisms in the peripheral nociceptive system address the concept of hyperalgesic priming, the role of voltage-gated sodium channels in different inflammatory and neuropathic pain states, the hyperalgesic effects of NGF in different tissues and in inflammatory and neuropathic pain states, and the contribution of proteinase activated receptors (PAR) to the development of pain in several chronic pain conditions. Chapters on nociceptive mechanisms in the spinal cord address the particular role of NO and of glial cell activation in the generation and maintenance of inflammatory and neuropathic pain and it discusses the potential role of local inhibitory interneurons, of the endogenous endocannabinoid system and the importance of non-neuronal immune mechanisms in opioid signaling in the control of pain. Furthermore, it is presented how spinal mechanisms contribute to the expression of peripheral inflammation.

Withtherecentlyperceivedincreaseinincidenceofautismandtherealizationthat "autism"mayactuallybe"autisms"withsubsetsofaffectedindividuals,researchers have been pursuing the possibility that there may be multiple etiologies for the disorder.Althoughmostautismstudieshavefocusedongeneticsandadvancedn- roimaging,thereisapaucityofresearchaimedatdeterminingtheneurochemical basisofautism.Identifyingcoreneuralsubstratesorkeybiomarkersisessentialto understandingthemechanisticbasisthatmayinpartunderlie"autisms."Alterations inmolecules,proteins,receptors,andsynapticelementsaresomeofthecontrib- ingsubstratesthatcouldresultinaltereddevelopmentalprocesses,changedsynaptic function,andaberrationsinconnectivity.Itisnowapparentthatmultiplebrainareas are affected in autism, and neuropathological defects have been described within corticalandsubcorticalnetworks.Althoughrecentprogresshasbeenmadeinid- tifyingsomeofthegenesthatmayunderliethedisorder,muchattentionhasalso beengiventoepigeneticand/orenvironmentalfactorsthatmaycontributetosubsets ofautisticindividuals. The contributors to this book were hand selected because of their expertise in their respective ?elds. Individually each chapter presents a unique perspective into the clinical, developmental, neurochemical, and/or physical chemical basis of autism. The contributing authors summarize current research ?ndings in their respective areas and also present novel ideas and propose hypotheses and p- sible mechanisms that may be operative during development and the potential consequencesofhavingdefectsinspeci?cmolecules,receptors,orgenes. Thesubtitle"FromMoleculestoMinicolumns"wasinsertedbecauseofmuch recent attention given to alterations in the basic organization of mini- or mic- columns of neurons in cerebral cortical areas in autism. These especially include prefrontalcorticalareasthatundergoanovergrowthduringearlypostnataldevel- mentinmanyindividualswithautism.Tothisend,theworldrenownedDr.Alan Peters,theneuroanatomistthatoriginallydescribedmini-ormicro-columnaror- nizationinthecerebralcortex,wasrecruitedtowriteachapterinthisbookgiving hisexpertperspectiveontheissueinautism. The book begins with highly respected clinician, Dr. Margaret L. Bauman, DirectoroftheLADDERSclinicintheBostonarea,withaclinicalandmedicalp- spectiveofautismdiscussingetiologies,clinicalpresentation,earlyidenti?cation, vii viii Preface advancementsinmedicalcare,andassociateddisorders. Inthechapter"TheMale Prevalence in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Hypotheses on its Neurobiological Basis",ItalianresearchersDrs.FlavioKellerandLilianaRutapresentneuroch- ical hypotheses as the basis for the predominance of male prevalence in autism discussing the possible roles of estrogen, testosterone, oxytocin, and vasopressin in the organization of brain circuits and hemispheric specialization. Psychiatrist Dr. Ricardo Vella relates neuropathologies in autism, in the limbic and cereb- lar regions, to speci?c behaviors and presents a developmental perspective and hypotheses regarding emotional and attachment behaviors in autistic individuals.

Scientific interest in regulatory T cells has revived during the last decade. Initially described in the early seventies as suppressor T cells, the concept of suppressor/regulatory T cells went through turbulent times during the eighties when molecular analysis failed to identify putative suppressor genes. The constructive and elegant cellular experiments on regulatory T cells during the nineties, initiated by Shimon Sakaguchi and co-workers, however have brought these cells back into the limelight. Nowadays, regulatory T cells are regarded as essential components of the immune system, and several different subsets of regulatory T cells have been described. Considerable regulatory function has been attributed to the CD4+CD25+ T cell subset. These cells act by suppressing adaptive and possibly also innate immune responses thereby maintaining or restoring the balance between immunity and tolerance. The suppressive effects of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells are cell-contact dependent but a role for soluble factors, particularly in vivo, has been suggested as well.
The aim of this book is to bring together recent developments and viewpoints in the field of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells and to discuss the potential use of regulatory T cells in immunotherapy of inflammatory diseases. By linking data on regulatory T cells from experimental models with recent findings from the clinic, this topical book will be of interest to immunologists and other biomedical researchers as well as clinicians that are interested in regulation and manipulation of the immune response during (chronic) inflammatory disease.