This book summarizes the recent advances for the understanding of circadian clock system in the regulation of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics. Basic knowledge in the field of circadian clock and pharmacokinetics are systemically introduced to make it easier for readers to understand the entire book's contents. The rhythmic expression of DMEs (drug-metabolizing enzymes) and transporters are summarized, and the underlying mechanisms thereof (i.e., regulation by circadian oscillators) are discussed. Typically, evidence for the DME- and transporter-mediated chronopharmacokinetics, chronotoxicity and chronoefficacy are highlighted in this book.

This book highlights recently discovered aspects of "middle-size molecules," focusing on (1) their unique bio-functions on the basis of derivatives and conjugates of natural products, saccharides, peptides, and nucleotides; (2) the synthesis of structurally complex natural products; (3) special synthetic methods for -conjugated functional molecules; and (4) novel synthetic methods using flow chemistry. Given its scope, the book is of interest to industrial researchers and graduate students in the fields of organic chemistry, medicinal chemistry, and materials science.

Analyzes construction of experiments, focusing on variables, models, matrices, and reproducibility. This timely reference systematically examines the basic concepts and theoretical issues, methodologies for experiment and measurement, and practical health applications of emulsions and dispersions-describing formulation problems and identifying potential carriers for the delivery or targeting of new drugs. Evaluates anionic, cationic, and nonionic surfactants as dispersing, emulsifying, foaming, penetrating, and wetting agents. Written by more than 20 international researchers, Pharmaceutical Emulsions and Suspensions -discusses uses of macroemulsions and (submicron) microemulsions -illuminates delivery devices such as microparticles, nanospheres, liposomes, and mixed micelles -investigates the application of self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) -introduces techniques for increasing drug solubility with nanosuspensions -addresses stabilization, flocculation, and coagulation problems in pharmaceutical and cosmetic suspensions -surveys drug delivery by way of dermatological, follicular, and ocular routes -explains the pharmacodynamics, bioavailability, and pharmacokinetics in the drug formulation development process -compares and contrasts monomeric and micellar adsorption at oil-water interfaces -and more! Containing over 1800 references, tables, equations, drawings, and micrographs, Pharmaceutical Emulsions and Suspensions is an ideal resource for pharmacists; physical, surface, colloid, cosmetic, food, and agricultural chemists; and upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in these disciplines.

This book presents an in-depth analysis of issues in trade law and EU pharmaceutical law concerning market access for traditional Chinese medicinal products. It discusses these issues from the standpoints of fundamental law, international law and EU law, so to offer a comprehensive perspective. Specifically, it points out the core legislative issues for EU policymakers who deal with market access for traditional medicinal products; describes the relation between law and science; and offers essential information on herbal medicinal product registration in the EU. Further, it compares EU law and Chinese law in this regard, which can offer inspirations for readers from other counties that have similar medicinal products. The book uses straightforward, accessible language to break down the key issues involved.

Nanophytomedicine is a field that involves the application of nanomedicine-based systems to phytotherapy and phytopharmacology. This book assesses the clinical successes and failures of nanophytomedicine and also highlights emerging concepts in this field. The content is divided into three sections, the first of which describes core issues in the pharmaceuticals industry in connection with the successes, failures and prospects of nanophytomedicine. The second section highlights recent advances in phytomedicine formulation development based on nanotechnology approaches, while also discussing a variety of nanocarrier systems for the successful delivery of phytomedicines. Focusing on the clinical perspective, the third section addresses the current clinical status of nanophytomedicine as a single drug therapy or combinatorial drug therapy, pharmacovigilance, pharmacokinetics, drug interactions and toxicological profiles, while also providing concluding remarks on recent experimental findings, and considering ethical issues & regulatory challenges in nanophytomedicine. Given its scope, the book offers a valuable guide for early career researchers, young scientists, master level students, academics and industrial scientists working in various healthcare fields, e.g. the pharmaceutical and biological sciences, life sciences, biotechnology, biomedical engineering, and nanobiotechnology.

Stressing the theory involved in formulating suspensions, emulsions, and colloidal drug products, this three-volume reference provides detailed information on specialized products, such as emulsions, liposomes, polymers, and polymeric pharmaceutical excipients. Written by over twenty-five international experts, it explains the requirements for conducting clinical research and obtaining approval for new drug products-furnishing a current, comprehensive review of U.S. drug regulations.

This book is a unique overview of insights on the genetic basis of anti-diabetic activity, chemistry, physiology, biotechnology, mode-of-action, as well as cellular mechanisms of anti-diabetic secondary metabolites from medicinal plants. The World Health Organization estimated that 80% of the populations of developing countries rely on traditional medicines, mostly plant drugs, for their primary health care needs. There is an increasing demand for medicinal plants having anti-diabetic potential in both developing and developed countries. The expanding trade in medicinal plants has serious implications on the survival of several plant species, with many under threat to become extinct. This book describes various approaches to conserve these genetic resources. It discusses the whole spectrum of biotechnological tools from micro-propagation for large-scale multiplication, cell-culture techniques to the biosynthesis and enhancement of pharmaceutical compounds in the plants. It also discusses the genetic transformation as well as short- to long-term conservation of plant genetic resources via synthetic seed production and cryopreservation, respectively. The book is enriched with expert contributions from across the globe. This reference book is useful for researchers in the pharmaceutical and biotechnological industries, medicinal chemists, biochemists, botanists, molecular biologists, academicians, students as well as diabetic patients, traditional medicine practitioners, scientists in medicinal and aromatic plants, Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and other traditional medical practitioners.

Research Methods for Pharmaceutical Practice and Policy outlines a thorough process for conducting pharmaceutical practice and policy research. Using a scientific approach, the book presents a theoretical and practical framework for research methods, supported by applications and examples. Each chapter includes learning objectives, review questions, references, and recommended online resources to assist students. The following topics are covered: conceptualizing and operationalizing research; systematic review of literature; experimental designs; non-experimental research; program evaluation; measurement theory and methods; sampling and data collection methods; survey design; secondary data analysis. As the only book available in this area, Research Methods for Pharmaceutical Practice and Policy will be an invaluable resource for graduate students in pharmacy administration and health services research, undergraduate students in pharmaceutical science, and practicing pharmacists.

This book volume provides complete and updated information on the applications of Design of Experiments (DoE) and related multivariate techniques at various stages of pharmaceutical product development. It discusses the applications of experimental designs that shall include oral, topical, transdermal, injectables preparations, and beyond for nanopharmaceutical product development, leading to dedicated case studies on various pharmaceutical experiments through illustrations, art-works, tables and figures. This book is a valuable guide for all academic and industrial researchers, pharmaceutical and biomedical scientists, undergraduate and postgraduate research scholars, pharmacists, biostatisticians, biotechnologists, formulations and process engineers, regulatory affairs and quality assurance personnel.

Pharmacy Practice in Developing Countries: Achievements and Challenges offers a detailed review of the history and development of pharmacy practice in developing countries across Africa, Asia, and South America. Pharmacy practice varies substantially from country to country due to variations in needs and expectations, culture, challenges, policy, regulations, available resources, and other factors. This book focuses on each country's strengths and achievements, as well as areas of weakness, barriers to improvement and challenges. It sets out to establish a baseline for best practices, taking all of these factors into account and offering solutions and opportunities for the future. This book is a valuable resource for academics, researchers, practicing pharmacists, policy makers, and students involved in pharmacy practice worldwide as it provides lessons learned on a global scale and seeks to advance the pharmacy profession.

The application of drug delivery is a valuable, cost-effective lifecycle management resource. By endowing drugs with new and innovative therapeutic benefits, drug delivery systems extend products' profitable lifecycle, giving pharmaceutical companies competitive and financial advantages, and providing patients with improved medications. Formulation development is now being used to create new dosage forms for existing products, which not only reduces the time and expense involved in new drug development, but also helps with regard to patent protection and bypassing existing patents. Today's culture demands convenience, a major factor determining adherence to drug therapy. Over the past few years, patient convenience-oriented research in the field of drug delivery has yielded a range of innovative drug-delivery options. As a result, various drug-delivery systems, including medicated chewing gums, oral dispersible tablets, medicated lozenges and lollipops, have now hit the market and are very popular. These dosage forms offer a highly convenient way to dose medications, not only for special population groups with swallowing difficulties, such as children and the elderly, but for the general populace as well. This book provides valuable insights into a number of formulation design approaches that are currently being used, or could be used, to provide new benefits from existing drug molecules.

This book is designed as a revision aid, and covers topics commonly featured in pharmacy undergraduate registration and licensing multiple choice examinations. This book is an ideal revision guide for those preparing to sit a Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) examination in pharmacy. It covers common general pharmacy practice interventions and operations and other topics commonly featured in examinations such as simple pharmaceutical calculations, doses, strengths, nomenclature, abbreviations, dosage forms, specialties, trade and generic names, biochemical tests, classification, side-effects, and common diseases. Some recent advances in pharmacy practice are also included.

In this book, the author demonstrates that double-helix formation and fibril film formation occur on solid surfaces as a result of the catalytic effect of the liquid-solid interface of the newly synthesized helicene oligomer. In addition, he shows that the double helix produced at the liquid-solid interface can be diffused into a solution to form a self-assembling material by means of mechanical stirring. Both types of formation are new chemical phenomena unique to liquid-solid interfaces not found in solutions. Detailed results are provided for new chemical reactions at liquid-solid interfaces, and gleaned from experiments performed using synthetic organic molecules. The book offers a useful reference guide to elucidating reaction mechanisms for researchers whose work involves chemical phenomena at a liquid-solid interface.

With drug information rapidly migrating to the Web, the chronically poor standards of drug information available to consumers in the developed and the developing world are being further compromised. This book offers insight into the uncharted waters of prescription drug information and promotion on the internet and suggests how it might be transformed into an unprecedented agent for good. It traces the social and political history of prescription drug information and marketing to Western consumers, offers a social and communicative profile of prescription drug Web sites, and evaluates the most widely used sources of prescription drug information, from government organizations and information companies and TV-related sites, to health service provider sites, manufacturers' brand sites, and social media, including YouTube and Wikipedia. The focus throughout is on practical outcomes: How can information for consumer decision making be optimized and how can consumers use it responsibly?

The biotechnology/biopharmaceutical sector has tremendously grown which led to the invention of engineered antibodies such as Antibody Drug Conjugates (ADCs), Bispecific T-cell engager (BITES), Dual Variable Domain (DVD) antibodies, and fusion proteins that are currently being used as therapeutic agents for immunology, oncology and other disease conditions. Regulatory agencies have raised the bar for the development and manufacture of antibody-based products, expecting to see the use of Quality by Design (QbD) elements demonstrating an in-depth understanding of product and process based on sound science. Drug delivery systems have become an increasingly important part of the therapy and most biopharmaceuticals for self-administration are being marketed as combination products. A survey of the market indicates that there is a strong need for a new book that will provide "one stop shopping" for the latest information and knowledge of the scientific and engineering advances made over the last few years in the area of biopharmaceutical product development. The new book entitled Development of Biopharmaceutical Drug Device Products is a reference text for scientists and engineers in the biopharmaceutical industry, academia or regulatory agencies. With insightful chapters from experts in the field, this new book reviews first principles, covers recent technological advancements and provides case studies and regulatory strategies relating to the development and manufacture of antibody-based products. It covers topics such as the importance of early preformulation studies during drug discovery to influence molecular selection for development, formulation strategies for new modalities, and the analytical techniques used to characterize them. It also addresses important considerations for later stage development such as the development of robust formulations and processes, including process engineering and modeling of manufacturing unit operations, the design of analytical comparability studies, and characterization of primary containers (pre-filled syringes and vials).Finally, the latter half of the book reviews key considerations to ensure the development and approval of a patient-centered delivery system design. This involves the evolving regulatory framework with perspectives from both the US and EU industry experts, the role of international standards, design control/risk management, human factors and its importance in the product development and regulatory approval process, as well as review of the risk-based approach to bridging between devices used in clinical trials and the to-be-marketed device. Finally, case studies are provided throughout.The typical readership would have biology and/or engineering degrees and would include researchers, scientific leaders, industry specialists and technology developers working in the biopharmaceutical field.

The book concentrates on powder flow properties, their measurement and applications. These topics are explained starting from the interactions between individual particles up to the design of silos. A wide range of problems are discussed such as flow obstructions, segregation, and vibrations. The goal is to provide a deeper understanding of the powder flow, and to show practical solutions.

Prepare for success on your certification exam! Mosby's Pharmacy Technician Exam Review, 4th Edition provides a complete review of core knowledge, thousands of review questions, and nine practice exams - plus a custom online engine that allows for unlimited opportunities to practice specific topics or create unique simulated exams. A bulleted, outline format makes review easier, reinforcing understanding with full-color illustrations, photographs, and summary tables. All questions reflect the latest exam blueprints. This resource provides you comprehensive support every step of the way for entry-level or sterile compounding certification. Access to this product, which may be at the discretion of your institution, is up to 3 years of online and perpetual offline access. Elsevier reserves the right to restrict or remove access due to changes in product portfolio or other market conditions. Convenient, easy-to-follow outline format provides a comprehensive review of pharmacy technician exam topics. Mapping tables link content to the knowledge categories on the PTCE and ExCPT exam blueprints, including pharmacology and medications, law, patient safety, and quality assurance. 700 electronic flashcards help you memorize key facts by covering the most commonly prescribed drugs, common herbals, abbreviations, and more. NEW! UPDATED organization of content matches the newest exam blueprints. NEW and UNIQUE! Comprehensive coverage prepares you for entry-level Pharmacy Technician certification, plus the sterile compounding specialty exam. NEW! Online custom test generator creates timed, simulated exams built from exam blueprints and allows you to focus your practice on any areas of weakness. EXPANDED! More than 2,600 review questions - all with answers and rationales - include a pretest, questions in each chapter, nine printed practice examinations, and unlimited practice and simulation online. NEW Compounded Sterile Products chapter provides an in-depth review specifically for the CSPT exam. NEW! Full-color illustrations visually reinforce important test information.

This book explores the possible development of neurokinin-3 receptor (NK3R) antagonists with reduced environmental impact. Pharmaceuticals are used to cure diseases and to alleviate symptoms in humans and animals. However, the stable, bioactive substances excreted by patients have unfavorable effects on non-target species. To overcome these disadvantages of these highly stable, potent substances, drug design to turn off bioactivity after release into the environment is needed. The book describes the development of eco-friendly NK3R antagonists by introducing a labile functional moiety and substituting a scaffold. This resulted in a novel NK3R antagonist that oxidized into its inactive form when exposed to air. Further, the book presents an efficient and easily achievable synthetic method of creating triazolopiperazine scaffolds, as well as a structure-activity relationship study involving scaffold hopping for decomposable motifs, which led to a novel photodegradable NK3R antagonist. Demonstrating that it is possible to develop compounds that convert into their inactive forms under environmental conditions, this book is useful for anyone interested in therapeutic agents with reduced environmental impact.

This encyclopedia scientifically describes 121 vegetable oils and fats. In addition to conventional oils, the book also covers lesser-known oils such as Amaranth, Chia, prickly pear, and quinoa. Author pays particular attention to root plants, extraction, and the ingredients included in information nutritionally relevant to fatty acid patterns. Applications in pharmacology, medicine, cosmetics and technology, as well as possible adverse effects, are discussed. The thoroughly researched reference book includes detailed descriptions along with the latest research results and methods.

Written specifically for pharmacy students, this book explains basic statistics. It contains chapters on basic concepts such as types of data, graphical representation of data, distribution and standard deviation. More advanced statistical techniques, such as ANOVA, are also discussed.

Research in pharmacy practice and medicines use is an important component of many postgraduate and undergraduate pharmacy programmes. It is seen as invaluable in informing professional practice and service development. This clear and concise handbook considers the stages of the research process in logical order, from planning of the project through to dissemination of the findings. Divided into three comprehensive sections, contents include: i) preparation, planning and management; ii) scientific enquiry and research methodology; iii) writing up and dissemination of the findings. This third edition of Conducting Your Pharmacy Practice Research Project has been restructured to aid navigation and comprehensively revised and expanded in recognition of the increased diversity of projects undertaken by students. This systematic guide will be of use to undergraduate and postgraduate pharmacy students and their supervisors. It will also appeal to researchers unfamiliar with health services research methods and to practising pharmacists new to conducting a research project.

Designed to help students incrementally build their knowledge of fundamental concepts of medicinal chemistry and their applications to therapeutic decisions, it is progressively organized. Specific sections of the text have been updated to make potentially confusing concepts easier to understand. Numerous examples and review questions further reinforce learning and analytical skills. This updated and expanded edition of the popular textbook, Basic Concepts in Medicinal Chemistry,, has been enhanced with new subject material, numerous self-assessment tools, and special features to advance and strengthen the learning process. New in the Third Edition Enhanced explanations, discussions, and examples in many key chapters. Additional summary tables to help readers better select the proper drug binding interaction. Expanded discussion on Pharmacogenomics, including multiple specific examples. Updated examples throughout the text to include a wider range of drugs and drug classes Increased focus on application of concepts to therapeutic decisions and pharmacy practice.

The pharmaceutical industry is praised as a world leader in high technology innovation and the creator of products that increase both longevity and quality of life for people throughout the world. At the same time, the industry is also criticized for its marketing and pricing practices and for its apparent anticompetitive responses to generic competition. Even its research and development priorities are criticized as being too closely driven by the goal of maximizing shareholder value, rather than the health of the public. Unfortunately, many of the critics of the industry fail to understand the complexities of the industry and its role in the nations healthcare system. This book uses the tools of economic analysis to explore the conflicting priorities and aims of the pharmaceutical industry, from both an American and worldwide perspective.
This is the second edition of a uniquely comprehensive and balanced discussion of pharmaceutical policy issues. All the chapters of the former edition have been fully re-written and extensively updated.
In addition, the book includes six new chapters on emerging topics such as the broadened role of FDA regulations and the increasing diversity of the industry. An entire chapter is devoted to the biotechnology industry and one to alternative medicines, often called "nutraceuticals." Another new chapter discusses segments of the industry that specialize in particular activities including generic drugs and drug delivery systems. The recent controversial expansion of Medicare to cover outpatient drugs is discussed in depth. The introduction is also updated to address the volatile pace of pharmaceutical innovation and how the pharmaceuticalindustry has responded to the emergence of managed care.