Membrane technology has received great popularity in many industrial sectors and significantly enhanced our abilities to restructure production processes, protect the environment and public health, and provide competitive strategies for separation and purification. However, the need for sustainable development has imposed new targets for this technology, such as more effective/precise separation and stricter admissible limits for the discharge of contaminants into the environment. Focusing on hot topic environment-related applications, Advances in Functional Separation Membranes introduces emerging membranes nanoengineered with attractive functions and discusses their key features. It also provides a comprehensive guide to various design strategies for such functional membranes, making it useful reference for environmental chemists and membrane engineers alike.

The book contains the contributions at the NATO Study Institute on Exposure and Risk Assessment of Chemical Pollution - Contemporary Methodology, which took place in Sofia - Borovetz, Bulgaria, July 1-10, 2008. Rapid advances in mathematics, computer science and molecular biology and chemistry have lead to the development in of a new branch of toxicology called Computational Toxicology. This emerging field is addressing the estimation and prediction of exposure risk and effects of chemicals based on experimental data, measured concentration and biological mechanisms and computational models of biological systems. Mathematical models are also being used to predict the fate and transport of substances in the environment. Because this area is still in its infancy, there has been limited application from governmental agencies to regulating controllable processes, such as registration of new chemicals, determination of estimated exposure and risk based limits and maximum acceptable concentrations in different compartments of the environment - ambient air, waters, soil and food products. However, this is soon to change as the ability to collect, analyze and interpret the required information is becoming increasingly more efficient and cost effective. Full implementation of the new processes have to involve education on both part of the experimentalists who are generating the data and the models, and the risk assessors who will use them to better protect human health and the environment.

One of the crucial challenges in the energy sector is the efficient capture and utilisation of CO2 generated from fossil fuels. Carbon capture and storage technologies can provide viable alternatives for energy intensive processes, although implementation of large-scale demonstrators remains challenging. Therefore, innovative technologies are needed that are capable of processing CO2 emission from a wide range of sources, ideally without additional fossil energy demand (e.g. solar driven or overcoming the limits of photosynthesis). This book covers the most recent developments in the field of electrochemical reduction of CO2, from first-principle mechanistic studies to technological perspectives. An introduction to basic concepts in electrochemistry and electrocatalysis is included to provide a background for newcomers to this field. This book provides a comprehensive overview for researchers and industrial chemists working in environmental science, electrochemistry and chemical engineering.

Transport Modeling for Environmental Engineers and Scientists, Second Edition, builds on integrated transport courses in chemical engineering curricula, demonstrating the underlying unity of mass and momentum transport processes. It describes how these processes underlie the mechanics common to both pollutant transport and pollution control processes.

The steady growth in the number of vehicles on the road, heavy reliance on coal, use of dirty fuels for residential combustion, and extensive open burning are some of the major factors leading to the progressive deterioration of air quality in developing countries in Asia. And despite efforts to establish and implement air quality measurement systems, the development of infrastructure, environmental technology, and management practices continues to lag behind the rate of emission increase. Based on ten years of coordinated research, Integrated Air Quality Management: Asian Case Studies discusses technical and policy tools for the integrated air quality management of developing countries in Asia.

The book begins with an overview of major issues of air quality management practices in developing Asia and potential approaches to reduce pollution, including opportunities for integration of air quality improvement and climate migration strategies. It covers the methodology and results of fine particulate matter monitoring using traditional filter-based and satellite monitoring techniques. It examines the applications of a 3D dispersion modeling tool for urban and regional air quality management focusing on surface ozone, fine particulate matter, and acid deposition. The final chapters discuss innovative control technologies for gaseous air pollutants and illustrate the integrated air quality management in developing Asia through case studies for target source categories including agricultural residue field burning, vehicle emissions, brick kilns, and industrial VOC emission.

Illustrated with case studies, this book presents an integrated air quality management methodology that employs technical and policy tools to achieve air quality goals. It includes technical information and policy recommendations based on the outcomes of several multi-year air quality research programs coordinated by the Asian Institute of Technology. The text combines fundamental information and advanced knowledge useful to large audiences dealing with subjects of integrated air quality management.

Multidisciplinary treatment of the urgent issues surrounding urban pollution worldwide Written by some of the top experts on the subject in the world, this book presents the diverse, complex and current themes of the urban pollution debate across the built environment, urban development and management continuum. It uniquely combines the science of urban pollution with associated policy that seeks to control it, and includes a comprehensive collection of international case studies showing the status of the problem worldwide. Urban Pollution: Science and Management is a multifaceted collection of chapters that address the contemporary concomitant issues of increasing urban living and associated issues with contamination by offering solutions specifically for the built environment. It covers: the impacts of urban pollution; historical urban pollution; evolution of air quality policy and management in urban areas; ground gases in urban environments; bioaccessibility of trace elements in urban environments; urban wastewater collection, treatment, and disposal; living green roofs; light pollution; river ecology; greywater recycling and reuse; containment of pollution from urban waste disposal sites; bioremediation in urban pollution mitigation; air quality monitoring; urban pollution in China and India; urban planning in sub-Saharan Africa and more. Deals with both the science and the relevant policy and management issues Examines the main sources of urban pollution Covers both first-world and developing world urban pollution issues Integrates the latest scientific research with practical case studies Deals with both legacy and emerging pollutants and their effects The integration of physical and environmental sciences, combined with social, economic and political sciences and the use of case studies makes Urban Pollution: Science and Management an incredibly useful resource for policy experts, scientists, engineers and those interested in the subject.

Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. The definitive guide to petroleum hydrocarbon fuel spill and leak causes, prevention, response, and cost recoveryOil Spills and Gas Leaks highlights the complex nature of petroleum hydrocarbon fuel extraction methods, the unintended consequences when disasters occur, spill behavior, and environmental impact mitigation. This practical resource discusses engineering techniques; long-term biological and environmental effects; dealing with insurance claims, litigation, and legislation in overlapping jurisdictions; and much more. Featuring global case studies and best practices, this timely volumeprovides an in-depth understanding of how oil spills and gas leaks occur and describes the most effective environmental assessment, remediation, and restoration options available to respond to these industrial accidents. COVERAGE INCLUDES: The role of petroleum hydrocarbon fuels in society Geology and geochemistry of oil and gas deposits Oil and gas well drilling and production issues Behavior of oil spills in various environments Behavior of gas leaks in various environments Assessment of spills and leaks Toxicity issues and exposure pathways Subsurface investigations Sampling strategies and remedial approaches Sampling methods on land and offshore Prevention, oversight, and mitigation Remediation of oil spills Case histories and cost recovery Oil spills and wildlife Oil spills and safety issues Conclusions and recommendations

As many industries are beginning to learn, pollution prevention technologies offer more than just a way to comply with regulations, or even to "do the right thing." It also makes smart business sense. The authors of this book, both veterans of DuPont's in-house waste reduction team, have put together a "how-to" guide for locating and implementing the best pollution prevention strategies for particular manufacturing processes. The book codifies elements of fundamental pollution prevention knowledge that are "easily understood and broadly applicable," across a wide range of industries. At the heart of the book is what the authors call the "10-Step Method for Engineering Evaluations of Pollution Prevention Methods," which breaks down the process to such simple steps as defining problems, setting goals, and identifying, defining, and evaluating alternative strategies.

Catalytic Air Pollution Control: Commercial Technology is the primary source for commercial catalytic air pollution control technology, offering engineers a comprehensive account of all modern catalytic technology. This Third Edition covers all the new advances in technology in automotive catalyst control technology, diesel engine catalyst control technology, small engine catalyst control technology, and alternate sustainable fuels for auto and diesel.

This book focuses on modelling issues and their implications for the correct design of reactive absorption-desorption systems. In addition, it addresses the case of carbon dioxide (CO2) post-combustion capture in detail. The book proposes a new perspective on these systems, and provides technological solutions with comparisons to previous treatments of the subject. The model that is proposed is subsequently validated using experimental data. In addition, the book features graphs to guide readers with immediate visualizations of the benefits of the methodology proposed. It shows a systematic procedure for the steady-state model-based design of a CO2 post-combustion capture plant that employs reactive absorption-stripping, using monoethanolamine as the solvent. It also discusses the minimization of energy consumption, both through the modification of the plant flowsheet and the set-up of the operating parameters. The book offers a unique source of information for researchers and practitioners alike, as it also includes an economic analysis of the complete plant. Further, it will be of interest to all academics and students whose work involves reactive absorption-stripping design and the modelling of reactive absorption-stripping systems.

In contrast to the classical books which largely focus on separate, individual physicochemical and biological aspects, this book aims to integrate the frontiers of knowledge on the fundamentals and the impact of physicochemical and biological interactions and processes of AOCs in soil, sediment, water and air. The specific objectives of this book are to address: (1) fundamental biophysico-chemical processes of AOCs in the environment, (2) occurrence and distribution of AOCs in air, water, and soil, and their global cycling, (3) the state-of-the-art analytical techniques of AOCs, and (4) restoration of natural environments contaminated by AOCs. The book also identifies the gaps in knowledge on the subject matter and as such provides future directions to stimulate scientific research to advance the chemical science on biophysico-chemical interfacial reactions in natural habitats.

By virtue of complex nature of the interactions of AOCs with different environmental components and matrixes, no single available technique and instrument is satisfactory yet for determining their fate, transport, availability, and risk in the environment. In order to fully understand the biophysico-chemical interactions and processes of AOCs in the environment, it is critical to know chemical, physical and biological properties of AOCs and their analytical techniques. The book is unique because of its multidisciplinary approach as it provides a comprehensive and integrated coverage of biophysico-chemical reactions and processes of AOCs in various environments, associated analytical techniques, and restoration of natural environments contaminated by AOCs.

Este libro pone a disposicion del lector de habla hispana un tratamiento distinto y original de los temas fundamentales de la Ingenieria Acustica. El libro contiene los fundamentos cientificos de las tecnicas utilizadas para lograr un ambiente acustico menos contaminado. La mayoria de los capitulos consideran, directa o indirectamente, el problema de como reducir los niveles de ruido. Se ha puesto especial atencion en los principios fundamentales y en la comprension de los fenomenos fisicos involucrados en las distintas problematicas de la Ingenieria Acustica. El texto esta orientado tanto a estudiantes y docentes de nivel universitario, como a ingenieros de distintas especialidades interesados en este importante tema.

Das vorliegende Buch wertet Erfahrungen mit der Stoffstromanalyse in der Praxis aus und entwickelt auf dieser Grundlage eine Handlungsorientierung fur den Einstieg in ein effizientes Oko-Controlling: Der Praktiker findet hier einen vorgehensorientierten Leitfaden, ein Referenzmodell fur die Stoffstromanalyse in Handelsunternehmen, Anleitung zur angemessenen Softwareunterstutzung sowie Hinweise zur Integration in die Unternehmensstrategie (z.B. Oko-Audits). Zusatzlich werden die theoretischen Grundlagen des Stoffstrommanagements und seine Entwicklungsformen im Rahmen der Okobilanzierung erlautert.

Der Ordner bietet effektive Hilfestellung beim Aufbau von Umweltmanagementsystemen. Er wurde bereits wahrend der Ausarbeitungsphase in projektbegleitenden Betrieben getestet. Er wendet sich insbesondere an kleine und mittlere Betriebe und ermoeglicht den weitgehend eigenstandigen Aufbau eines Umweltmanagementsystems. Die Abhangigkeit von teuren externen Beratern wird auf diese Weise entscheidend reduziert, wodurch Umweltmanagement auch fur weniger kapitalstarke Unternehmen erschwinglich gemacht wird. Der inhaltliche Schwerpunkt liegt dabei nicht in den technischen Anforderungen des Umweltmanagements bzw. der Umsetzung der OEko-Audit-Verordnung, sondern in den Bereichen Systematik und Organisationsentwicklung, da hier erfahrungsgemass die groessten Umsetzungsschwierigkeiten liegen.

A variety of air pollutants are emitted into the atmosphere from human-caused and natural emissions sources throughout the United States and elsewhere. These contaminants impact sensitive natural resources in wilderness, including the national parks. The system of national parks in the United States is among our greatest assets. This book provides a compilation and synthesis of current scientific understanding regarding the causes and effects of these pollutants within national park lands. It describes pollutant emissions, deposition, and exposures; it identifies the critical (tipping point) loads of pollutant deposition at which adverse impacts are manifested.

Das OEko-Auditing wird in Zukunft eines der wichtigsten betrieblichen Werkzeuge des professionellen Umweltschutz-Managements sein. Eine alle Unternehmen bindende EG-Verordnung zum OEko-Auditing und zur Umweltbetriebsprufung ist verabschiedet und tritt April 1995 in Kraft. Die Unternehmer sind aber schon jetzt zum Handeln gezwungen. Die Herausgeber sind beide industrieerfahrene, praktizierende Auditoren. Sie stellen Theorie und Praxis des Umwelt-Auditings umfassend nach dem neuesten Stand dar. Die auf Diskette beigefugten Auditing-Checklisten erleichtern den schnellen und kostengunstigen Einstieg in Auditing-Verfahren wesentlich.

Was sind die Motive von Menschen, sich nach Feierabend, am Wochenende oder zum Kurzurlaub "auf den Weg zu machen"? Wie reagieren die Verkehrstrager auf die aktuellen Trends im Freizeitreisemarkt? Dies sind zwei Fragen zum Mobilitatsverhalten in der Freizeit, die wahrend zweier Workshops mit dem Ziel diskutiert wurden, in einem vernetzten Umfeld durch unterschiedliche Massnahmen dazu beizutragen, langfristig eine nachhaltige und gesellschaftlich akzeptierte Mobilitat zu sichern. Der Sammelband vereint die Inhalte und Ergebnisse dieser Workshops in Form interdisziplinarer, verkehrstragerubergreifender Beitrage. Er wendet sich an Wissenschaftler, die sich mit sozialwissenschaftlichen, gesellschaftspolitischen, oekonomischen und oekologischen, aber auch kulturwissenschaftlichen Fragestellungen zu den Entwicklungen auf dem Gebiet der Mobilitat beschaftigen, aber auch an Praktiker.

Beneficial properties of graphitic carbon nitride (gCN) have been discovered in recent years during the promotion of its visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity for water splitting. Applications of gCN have flourished in such fields as renewable energy production and environmental remediation, while gCNs have been explored to serve as electrocatalysts, electronic and photoelectronic devices, non-volatile memory devices, anodes in lithium-ion batteries, and platinum supports in polymer electrolyte fuel cells. This book covers recent advances in the rational design and characterization of gCN nanostructures for energy and environmental remediation, and discusses achievements in fabrication approaches of gCN nanostructures using various chemical and physical approaches. It highlights recent advances in the theoretical and experimental development of novel multidimensional nanoarchitectonics of gCNs along with insight into catalytic energy production, energy storage, and environmental remediation. Practical applications and utilization of gCN based devices are also discussed. With contributions from leading global researchers, this title will appeal to graduate students and researchers in nanoscience, chemistry, chemical engineering and materials science who are interested in developing new gCN materials or devices.

Beim UEbergang von der Stoffdurchflusswirtschaft zur Stoffkreislaufwirtschaft geht es zunachst einmal um die Entwicklung geeigneter Modellansatze, die diesen Prozess unterstutzen koennen. Hier konzentriert sich der Autor auf die Ausgestaltung einer industriellen Reproduktionswirtschaft, die sodann mit raumlichen Aspekten in Verbindung gebracht wird. Dass gerade Industrieregionen hier uber ein ausserordentlich grosses Potenzial verfugen, wird nicht nur an Beispielen sogenannter Eco-Industrial Parks belegt, sondern auch anhand eigener Ergebnisse, die der Autor beim Aufbau zwischenbetrieblicher Netzwerkstrukturen in der Industrieregion Rhein-Neckar gewinnen konnte. Somit leistet das Buch auch einen ganz wesentlichen Beitrag zur vielfach vermissten Theorie-Praxis-Verknupfung.

Der Einfuhrung von Umweltmanagementsystemen in Forschung und Entwicklung der chemischen Industrie kommt eine Schlusselrolle bei der Etablierung eines produktionsintegrierten Umweltschutzes zu. Gerade dieser Bereich bestimmt das Ausmass aktueller und zukunftiger Umweltauswirkungen der chemischen Industrie massgeblich. Die Autoren zeigen auf, wie hier durch den Aufbau von Umweltmanagementsytemen das Verhaltnis von additivem zu produktionsintegriertem Umweltschutz kontinuierlich verbessert werden kann. Die methodische Unterstutzung der Entscheidungsfindung durch Integration von Umweltschutzkriterien steht dabei im Mittelpunkt. Es werden zahlreiche Methoden und Instrumente vorgestellt, die im Rahmen des Umweltmanagements in den Forschungs- und Entwicklungsablauf integriert werden konnen."

Das Buch zeigt die Einsatzmoeglichkeiten primarenergiesparender und erneuerbarer Energieumwandlungssysteme in der Industrie auf der Grundlage wirtschaftlicher Gesichtspunkte auf. Dabei werden sowohl die technischen Grundlagen und relevanten Kennzahlen eroertert als auch oekologische und oekonomische Randbedingungen diskutiert. Daruber hinaus werden die Zukunftsperspektiven der Energiesysteme bewertet und Empfehlungen zu deren Einsatz in den verschiedenen Industriebranchen gegeben. Eine abschliessende vergleichende Bewertung sowie zahlreiche Tabellen und Illustrationen erleichtern dem Leser den UEberblick und zeigen auf anschauliche Art und Weise Alternativen bzw. Optimierungsmoeglichkeiten bereits bestehender Anlagen.

Das Fachbuch Verbrennung vermittelt einen UEberblick uber die Grundlagen von Verbrennungsprozessen und tragt zu einem Verstandnis ihrer Auswirkungen auf praktische Anwendungen bei. In den ersten Kapiteln finden sich die physikalisch-chemischen Grundlagen. Anhand verschiedener laminarer Flammentypen werden die Wechselwirkungen zwischen chemischer Reaktionskinetik, molekularen Transportprozessen und Stroemung beschrieben. Bei der Behandlung turbulenter Verbrennungsprozesse werden aktuelle Verfahren zur Beschreibung der Kopplung zwischen chemischer Reaktion und turbulentem Stroemungsfeld verwendet. Anwendungen sind das Motorklopfen und die Schadstoffbildung. Die dritte Auflage wurde im Hinblick auf die aktuelle Forschung erweitert und aktualisiert.

Das Buch mit zahlreichen Praxisbeispielen befasst sich mit allen wesentlichen Fragen, die fur die Auslegung von Packungskolonnen bei der Rektifikation, Absorption und Strippung (Desorption) unter Vakuum, im Normal- und Druckbereich bis 100 bar, in der Abluft- und Abwassertechnik von Bedeutung sind.

Es wird ein einheitliches, fur beliebige Einbauten geltendes Modell vorgestellt, mit dem die Flutpunktgeschwindigkeit, der Flussigkeitsinhalt und der Druckverlust im gesamten Belastungsbereich fur regellose Fullkorper, geordnete Fullkorperschichten, fur Rohrkolonnen und fur strukturierte Packungen mit unterschiedlicher Neigung der Stromungskanale vorausberechnet werden kann.

Des Weiteren werden Berechnungsunterlagen fur ca. 200 Fullkorper und Packungen zusammengestellt. Die zahlreichen Rechenbeispiele - insbesondere fur strukturierte Packungen - erleichtern die Anwendung der abgeleiteten Beziehungen."

Dieses Buch enthalt die Langfassungen der Beitrage zur Zehn-Jahres-Feier des Instituts fur okologische Betriebswirtschaft (IOB) vom 28.09. - 01.10.1999 an der Universitat Siegen. Bekannte Autoren aus dem Bereich des betrieblichen Umweltmanagements diskutieren mit Blick auf das kommende Jahrhundert u.a. folgende Themen: Sustainability als Herausforderung fur das betriebliche Umweltmanagement; Wirkungen und Weiterentwicklungen von Umweltmanagementsystemen; Umweltmanagement uber das Audit hinaus; Umweltmanagement in grenzuberschreitenden regionalen und globalen Bezugen; Management von Verwertungsnetzen; Zukunftsperspektiven im Entsorgungsmanagement; Umweltkennzahlen im Einsatz fur das Benchmarking; Finanzmarkte und Umweltmanagement.