Extremism, Counter-terrorism and Policing brings together a diverse range of multidisciplinary studies to explore the extent of extremism and how communities are policed. Through analysing the historical development, the present situation, and future trends in the forms and ability to police violent extremism and terrorism, this text provides a detailed contribution towards both academic and policy debate surrounding extremism, its causes, and treatments. With chapters written by experts in their fields, this book provides the reader with detailed definitions of extremism; the psychology of extremists and the causes of radicalisation; policing extremism within a counter-terrorism context; community policing approaches to combating extremism; the legal frameworks and legislation regarding extremism and its limitations in an international setting; and public perceptions and understanding of extremism. It is crucial for policing professionals, policy-makers and academics to have a detailed understanding of government policy and the methods towards tackling extremism from a policing and community level. Extremism, Counter-terrorism and Policing gives a policing rationale alongside specific community approaches towards tackling extremist threats and provides key details for policy readers as well as academics.

The Sensei Way at Work follows in the wake of dozens of successful business books on the Toyota production system, lean enterprise, and the Toyota Way, yet it is unique. It identifies the five keys that sustain successful lean production in Western enterprises-a challenge that has stymied business leaders, managers, and lean coaches for decades. The first reason for our frequent inability to sustain the initial gains of lean startups is a misunderstanding of the Japanese term "kaizen mind." Many mistranslate it as a "hunger" for business efficiency and cost reduction. In fact, kaizen mind is a psychology of "mindfulness" joined with "creativity." And once evoked by a sensei, it can be applied (without training) when a leader mandates that employees and managers solve quality problems and redesign the work together. The second reason is our need to develop new change leaders who know "the way." A sensei immerses prospects in a series of challenges until they learn to do the work of change with the mind of a leader, that is, from the states of presence, flow, and compassion. Lasting organizational transformation becomes possible, even inevitable, when its leaders learn the five keys and realize "one big thing" in the Sensei Way.

Defines the correct cost optimization process Provides detailed explanation of cost estimating techniques Presents cost estimating techniques for various manufacturing processes Offers cost based negotiation training Explains how to build a cost engineering organization

The ability of a business to engage in real organizational learning and to do so faster and in a more sustainable way than its competitors is being increasingly seen as an essential component of success. In Making Sense of Organizational Learning, Cyril Kirwan examines the wide range of factors necessary to create and sustain organizational learning and knowledge at all levels. At the individual level, the generation of continuous learning opportunities and reflection on experiences are critically important. At the team level, it's about encouraging collaboration, team learning and the sharing of knowledge. At the organizational level, the emphasis is on building systems to capture and share knowledge and providing strategic leadership for learning. The book shows you how you can best exploit the knowledge that already exists within your organization while at the same time develop the capability of the people that work there. It deals in turn with individual learning; learning with others; learning in organizations; and in particular the role of the HR function and of line managers. Each chapter provides theoretical background and real-world examples. Diagnostic questionnaires, checklists and other tools are also included. Making Sense of Organizational Learning provides an evidence-based argument for the adoption of effective organizational learning policies and practices, and offers a real opportunity to improve performance. Thinking practitioners working in and around learning and development or organization development will find it invaluable, as will those undertaking post-graduate study in HR and related disciplines.

Applies Lean concepts to a high-variety, low-volume service business, which are more prevalent than high volume manufacturing companies. Illustrates all the Lean concepts in a real-world example that approached Lean management in the intended way-to support and develop people to continually improve processes in a respectful environment. Illustrates an effective organic change management process that grows the new culture rather than trying to force tools mechanistically on employees and assiociates. The vibrant graphic novel format visually brings the story to life. Co-Written by best-selling author Jeffrey Liker -- the world's expert on the Toyota Way.

In complex sociotechnical systems such as military, health care, and nuclear power systems, poor performance or errors resulting from inadequate designs can have catastrophic consequences. Although considered challenging to learn and execute well, work domain analysis can be used as a framework to assist in the design of these systems. Work Domain Analysis: Concepts, Guidelines, and Cases helps you develop a deep understanding of this framework-not by oversimplifying the principles but by explaining its concepts and methodology in considerable depth. Building on the foundational concepts of cognitive work analysis by providing the first comprehensive treatment of work domain analysis, the book begins with fundamental topics such as abstraction, decomposition, and structural means-ends and part-whole relations, clearly outlining the basic characteristics of a work domain model. It then explores more advanced topics such as the development of multiple models of a system and the distinction between causal and intentional systems and illustrates them with numerous examples across a range of systems including warships, libraries, and petrochemical plants. It also provides comprehensive guidelines for performing work domain analysis. The author provides three detailed case studies that examine the impact, unique contribution, and feasibility of applying work domain analysis in industrial settings. These case studies demonstrate that work domain analysis can be used to address a range of problems beyond interface design, such as team design, training, and the evaluation of system design concepts. They also provide concrete illustrations of the guidelines for work domain analysis. Without an appreciation of the variety of applications of work domain analysis, and its suitability for implementation in industrial settings, the benefits of this approach may not be fully realized. This book supplies the deep knowledge of this tool that will lead both to more powerful and innovative applications of the approach and to designs that support flexibility or adaptation in the workplace, making systems safer, healthier, and more productive for workers.

Logistics refers to the processes that start with resources and their acquisition, storage, and transportation to their destination. The concept is crucial in business -- particularly for the manufacturing sector -- to understand, manage, and control how resources are handled and progress through the whole supply chain. Now, there is a strong trend to focus on sustainability and eco-friendly solutions in logistics. Processes based on both technology and management need innovations and detailed implementation steps to achieve a satisfactory level of sustainability. This book explores how and where innovations can be implemented to provide a wide approach to sustainability in logistics. It addresses the main challenges affecting modern and sustainable logistics and supply chains and is organized according to six main themes: supply chain management; information intelligent hubs (e.g. warehouse and cities); sustainable transportation; technology for logistics; reverse logistics; and city logistics. The key results presented are based on both extensive types of research and business cases. The overarching advanced logistics and supply chain concepts at the heart of this book contribute to a sustainable intelligent logistics and transport system by making it more efficient, reliable, environmentally friendly, and competitive. Essentially, this book presents the most current research related to sustainability in logistics activities and addresses the theoretical background of sustainability and its significance for logistics, the challenges in supply chains and transportation, and possible solutions for more sustainable logistics systems.

* Addresses the four fields of focus for error prevention / reduction - namely, (1) hazards and barriers, (2) error traps and counteraction behaviors, (3) erroneous and correct thought process in decision-making and (4) prevention of the recurrence of error. The scope of this book is unique. * Provides my unique model of performance - using the daisy chain of knowledge, cognition, beliefs, values, attitudes, behavior, results, performance. * Addresses in detail Dr. Peter Drucker's teaching, as follows: "The task of leadership is to create an alignment of strengths in a way that makes a system's weaknesses irrelevant." My book makes it clear that the "alignment of strengths" are the error prevention, detection and mitigation barriers and the "weaknesses" are the hazards in processes that are or should be made irrelevant by the barriers. My book provides the specifics of how to identify and assess the hazards and how to create effective barriers. * Provides the most complete list and most comprehensive a discussion of management responsibilities to establish and maintain the quality-conscious work environment. * Provides my 30+ principles of human error prevention, none of which duplicate Dr. James Reason's 12 principles of error management and a few of which contradict Dr. Reason's principles. * Provides a unique seven 7 human error causal factors which, when fully understood, enable one to better design processes and better perform root cause analysis. * Addresses risk management at three levels - (1) risk management of processes, (2) risk management of components and (3) and risk management of hardware systems and the facility as a whole. The techniques for each are significantly different. Neither ISO 9001 not ISO 31000 do this. * Provides the most complete list of techniques for improving the effectiveness of process barriers and the most comprehensive discussion of these techniques. * Describes the full scope of the quality function in terms of hazards and barriers. * Provides a unique nine types of corrective action with examples of each. * Describes 36 biases that adversely impact decision-making. * Describes the 10 questions that should be asked and answered before making any significant decision. * Provides unique templates for root cause analysis - templates that assure the discipline, rigor and logic of the analysis. * Provides the most complete and comprehensive coverage of the widely known Piper Alpha accident, especially the causal factors of the accident, and introduces a non-fail-safe character of the work permit process as the major cause. * provides universally applicable criteria for 37 different areas types of processes that may be included in the enterprise business management system - criteria that are designed to prevent human error in the design of the processes. Examples are: o 12 cross-references to facilitate document change management; o 100+ different types of records; o Methods by which to improve inspection and test effectiveness. Regarding specific incidents, the book: * Introduces violation of The Precautionary Principle in addition to GroupThink as causes of the Challenger accident. * Demonstrates that even if Alaska Flight 161 had not crashed due to the change in the lubrication schedule for the jackscrew assembly, sooner or later it would have crashed due to the lack of specificity in the maintenance procedure for the jackscrew assembly. * Demonstrates that even with all of the error-inducing conditions aboard the Greenville submarine, its sinking of the Ehime Maru could not have occurred without the failure of a barrier. Error-inducing conditions cannot be root causes. * My book Note: Bold typed items represent my unique additions to the body of knowledge. Non-bold typed items represent my special treatment of items that already exist in the body of knowledge.

This book examines the mechanisms and channels through which American managerial know-how and US management models were transferred to Europe after 1945, as well as the actual influence on European industries, companies and regions in the 1950s and 1960s. It explores the role of the European Productivity Agency, business leaders, US multinationals, regional networks and institutions, as well as the actual transfer process and potential political, cultural and institutional barriers. The final section contains the cases of three European companies which adopted American Management methods to a considerable extent during the 1950s and 1960s.

This book takes a fresh look at safety decision-making by documenting and examining stories told by front-line managers in three different high-hazard industries: a chemical plant, a nuclear power station and an air-navigation service provider. From Piper Alpha to Deepwater Horizon, accident analysis has stressed the importance of excellent decision-making by those in charge out in the field. Organizations rely critically on the judgement and experience of such senior operations personnel and yet these qualities are undervalued in a business environment that emphasises documentation and measurement. Whilst operational managers are guided by rules, they also draw on their own long experience and can formulate a situation-specific 'line in the sand' to apply the experience of the operating team to complex, real-world situations that rule writers may not have foreseen. This volume refocuses our attention on the people who make these important decisions and the organizational processes that support the best choices. Jan Hayes uses her multi-disciplinary experience to draw together an account of safety decision-making that is both technically robust and yet accessible to academics, practitioners and regulators alike. Readers will see that the stories retold in this book provide a way for operational managers to share their knowledge, experience and expertise - with each other and with us.

Focusing on countermeasures against orchestrated cyber-attacks, Cyber Security Culture is research-based and reinforced with insights from experts who do not normally release information into the public arena. It will enable managers of organizations across different industrial sectors and government agencies to better understand how organizational learning and training can be utilized to develop a culture that ultimately protects an organization from attacks. Peter Trim and David Upton believe that the speed and complexity of cyber-attacks demand a different approach to security management, including scenario-based planning and training, to supplement security policies and technical protection systems. The authors provide in-depth understanding of how organizational learning can produce cultural change addressing the behaviour of individuals, as well as machines. They provide information to help managers form policy to prevent cyber intrusions, to put robust security systems and procedures in place and to arrange appropriate training interventions such as table top exercises. Guidance embracing current and future threats and addressing issues such as social engineering is included. Although the work is embedded in a theoretical framework, non-technical staff will find the book of practical use because it renders highly technical subjects accessible and links firmly with areas beyond ICT, such as human resource management - in relation to bridging the education/training divide and allowing organizational learning to be embraced. This book will interest Government officials, policy advisors, law enforcement officers and senior managers within companies, as well as academics and students in a range of disciplines including management and computer science.

This book provides a general introduction into aviation operations, covering all the relevant elements of this field and the interrelations between them.

Numerous books have been written about aviation, but most are written by and for specialists, and assume a profound understanding of the fundamentals. This textbook provides the basics for understanding these fundamentals. It explains how the commercial aviation sector is structured and how technological, economic and political forces define its development and the prosperity of its players.

Aviation operations have become an important field of expertise. Airlines, airports and aviation suppliers, the players in aviation, need expertise on how aircraft can be profitably exploited by connecting airports with the aim of adding value to society. This book covers all relevant aspects of aviation operations, including contemporary challenges, like capacity constraints and sustainability.

This textbook delivers a fundamental understanding of the commercial aviation sector at a level ideal for first-year university students and can be a tool for lecturers in developing an aviation operations curriculum. It may also be of interest to people already employed within aviation, often specialists, seeking an accurate overview of all relevant fields of operations.

This book provides practical guidance for corporate decision makers, project managers, project engineers, and for those wishing to grasp the key issues that define project success. The book represents a distillation of years of practical experience and offers a clear and concise 'blueprint' for how to approach projects and their management. This book is designed to be 'clean and simple' in its delivery - allowing the reader to immediately have 'take aways' that could be implemented within a project, adding value to any approach dealing with the key common problems and issues that arise within the project medium. The book can be applied to a wide range of scenarios in which project management is required - from setting up an organisation, creating distribution networks, bringing new technology to market, and to designing a leadership and training architecture within an organisation. The book, in addition to being a go-to reference book on project management for professional project managers and business leaders, is also ideal for postgraduate and undergraduate students studying project management. It is written to be user friendly, yet provides a wealth of information and tips that will enhance the readers knowledge and understanding of managing projects.

This book explains the implementation of just in time (JIT) production in an industrial context, while also highlighting the application of various, vital lean production tools. Shifting the trade-off between productivity and quality, the book discusses the preparation stages needed before implementing a JIT system. After an introduction to lean manufacturing and JIT, it introduces readers to the fundamentals and practice of Kaizen, paying special attention to lean manufacturing tools. The book demonstrates how to use the 5S approach (with the stages of Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu and Shitsuke), Standardized Work, Single Minute Exchange of Die (SMED) and the Kanban system. In brief, the book provides an understanding of the processes associated with the application of these tools and highlights the benefits attained by companies that have implemented JIT systems. Throughout the book, a real-world case study is used to deepen readers' understanding of how lean manufacturing tools can be implemented. The book is ideally suited for executive courses in industrial engineering and management, but can also be used for upper undergraduate and graduate courses at universities.

'Control self assessment is sweeping the management and auditing worlds by storm. At last we have in just one place the authoritative guide to its practical application. Until now CSA had been shrouded in too much mystery and would-be practitioners had been largely at the expensive mercies of consultants or their own trial and error. It is impressive that the editors of this substantial volume have persuaded so many leading practitioners from most sectors and from several countries to pool their immense practical experience of CSA in a highly accessible way.’ Andrew Chambers, Managing Director of Management Audit, Emeritus Professor City University London and former Chief Executive of City Business School ‘This book should provide a very useful reference point for anyone who is thinking about introducing CRSA, or who is in the early stages of implementing it. The sections covering experiences of implementing CRSA.…are likely to be particularly useful. They should give you help in selecting the right approach and the most appropriate techniques for your own organisation.’ Liam Fitzpatrick, Director, Oxley Fitzpatrick & Associates Ltd Control Self Assessment is ‘a formalised, documented and committed approach to the regular, fundamental and open review by managers and staff of the strength of control systems designed and operated to achieve business objectives and guard against critical risks within their sphere of influence’ (Keith Wade). This book gives practical guidance on how such techniques may be introduced in an organisation and describes the implementation of CSA in a variety of organisations both in the private and public sectors.

Engineering analytics is becoming a necessary skill for every engineer. Areas such as Operations Research, Simulation, and Machine Learning can be totally transformed through massive volumes of data. This book is intended to be an introduction to Engineering Analytics that can be used to improve performance tracking, customer segmentation for resource optimization, patterns and classification strategies, and logistics control towers. Basic methods in the areas of visual, descriptive, predictive, and prescriptive analytics and Big Data are introduced. Industrial case studies and example problem demonstrations are used throughout the book to reinforce the concepts and applications. The book goes on to cover visual analytics and its relationships, simulation from the respective dimensions and Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence from different paradigms viewpoints. The book is intended for professionals wanting to work on analytical problems, for Engineering students, Researchers, Chief-Technology Officers, and Directors that work within the areas and fields of Industrial Engineering, Computer Science, Statistics, Electrical Engineering Operations Research, and Big Data.

Following in the footsteps of its popular predecessor, the second edition of this workbook explains how to apply kanban replenishment systems to improve material flow. Kanban for the Supply Chain: Fundamental Practices for Manufacturing Management, Second Edition provides readers with a detailed roadmap for achieving a successful and sustainable kanban implementation.
Detailing the steps required for each stage of the manufacturing and supply chain management process, this updated edition focuses on creating an environment for success. It addresses internal mechanisms, including leveling production schedules, as well as external elements, such as conducting a thorough analysis of customer demand. Numerous techniques are presented for setting up kanban that consider a wide array of material types, dimensions, and storage media. This edition presents a wealth of new tools and techniques useful across the broad spectrum of manufacturing environments, including:

• A statistical data cleansing technique to remove questionable or irrelevant data from kanban calculations
• Correlation analysis based on simple Excel techniques to guide the decisions around which part numbers "qualify" for kanban
• An alternative "stair-step analysis" approach for those who are unable to generate correlation data and prefer to use more readily available monthly demand history
• An approach to analyze supplier performance data vs. lead time and lot size expectations, with risk mitigation strategies for poor performing suppliers

This book is for those who are ready to stop thinking about a conversion from materials requirements planning push techniques to kanban pull techniques and want to make it happen now. Stephen Cimorelli provides actionable advice for installing fundamental kanban concepts that can immediately help you increase manufacturing productivity and profitability. The book includes team-based exercises that reinforce key principles as well as a CD with helpful outlines, charts, figures, and diagrams.

1. Systematically addresses the crucial elements of ship management from both theoretical and practical perspectives to convey the broad range of knowledge and skills required. 2. Relevant to all managers of ships worldwide, as well as investors, lawyers and insurers. Also valuable for scholars, teachers and researchers dealing with the global shipping industry. 3. By far the most up-to-date and thorough book on the subject, combining the author's academic rigour with extensive professional experience.

This handbook begins with the history of Supply Chain (SC) Engineering, it goes on to explain how the SC is connected today, and rounds out with future trends. The overall merit of the book is that it introduces a framework similar to sundial that allows an organization to determine where their company may fall on the SC Technology Scale. The book will describe those who are using more historic technologies, companies that are using current collaboration tools for connecting their SC to other global SCs, and the SCs that are moving more towards cutting edge technologies. This book will be a handbook for practitioners, a teaching resource for academics, and a guide for military contractors. Some figures in the eBook will be in color. Presents a decision model for choosing the best Supply Chain Engineering (SCE) strategies for Service and Manufacturing Operations with respect to Industrial Engineering and Operations Research techniques Offers an economic comparison model for evaluating SCE strategies for manufacturing outsourcing as opposed to keeping operations in-house Demonstrates how to integrate automation techniques such as RFID into planning and distribution operations Provides case studies of SC inventory reductions using automation from AIT and RFID research Covers planning and scheduling, as well as transportation and SC theory and problems

Machiavelli lives. 500 years after NiccolA(2) Machiavelli has written 'The Prince', this classic of the mechanisms behind success in management has not lost its relevance. In an intriguing and inspiring interplay of quotes, interpretations and examples, Dr Ralf Lisch develops Machiavelli's most famous work into a practical guide providing Ancient Wisdom for Modern Management. Many have heard about Machiavelli but few have really read and understood him. Ralf Lisch's analysis of 'The Prince' proves that widespread associations with evil management are a thorough misunderstanding. He has done away with historic ballast and abstains from a moralizing approach that does not do justice to Machiavelli's works. Instead, he lets Machiavelli have his say and provides a positive and pragmatic interpretation of the wisdom of 'The Prince' from a management perspective. It is a fresh approach that combines theoretical analysis with a practical focus. Dealing with a wide range of essential management topics like careers, success, intellect, decision-making, trust, change management, knowledge management, mergers and acquisitions, networking, sustainability, business ethics, working processes and many others, this book proves that the basics of management have hardly changed over half a millennium. Ancient Wisdom for Modern Management is an amazing insight into the essentials of management and a workable guidance to success in daily business. This open-minded and compelling exploration of 'The Prince' combines reading pleasure with a great opportunity to participate in Machiavelli's truly timeless wisdom.

Typically, root cause analysis is taught by explaining a variety of tools that require users to gain considerable experience before being able to apply them correctly in the proper settings. What's Your Problem? Identifying and Solving the Five Types of Process Problems simplifies process problem solving and outlines specific techniques to help you identify the various types of process problems and solve them effectively and efficiently. Arguing that there are only five types of process problems, the book explains that the Six Sigma methodology-define, measure, analyze, improve, control (DMAIC)-can be vastly simplified for learning, applying, teaching, and mentoring. It identifies the five types of process problems and describes how to solve them using a three-step procedure: Identify the type of problem Find the root cause Address the root cause Describing how to maximize ROI for Lean Six Sigma initiatives, the book: Facilitates the application of Lean and Six Sigma principles to both self-learning and teaching others process improvement Presents time-tested methods to help you reduce start-to-finish improvement/project times Identifies techniques that can shorten the time it takes to complete projects, reduce documentation of projects, and increase overall understanding of your projects Outlining proven approaches for seamlessly integrating Lean and Six Sigma methodologies with learning and teaching process improvement, the book will help to improve your courses so that participants acquire essential skills quicker and at lower costs. For the self-initiated, this book will get you identifying and solving the two most common process problems within hours, rather than days or weeks.

To effectively adapt and thrive in today's business world, organizations need to implement effective organizational development (OD) interventions to improve performance and effectiveness at the individual, group, and organizational levels. OD interventions involve people, trust, support, shared power, conflict resolution, and stakeholders' participation, just to name a few. OD interventions usually have broader scope and can affect the whole organization. OD practitioners or change agents must have a solid understanding of different OD interventions to select the most appropriate one to fulfill the client's needs. There is limited precise information or research about how to design OD interventions or how they can be expected to interact with organizational conditions to achieve specific results. This book offers OD practitioners and change agents a step-by-step approach to implementing OD interventions and includes example cases, practical tools, and guidelines for different OD interventions. It is noteworthy that roughly 65% of organizational change projects fail. One reason for the failure is that the changes are not effectively implemented, and this book focuses on how to successfully implement organizational changes. Designed for use by OD practitioners, management, and human resources professionals, this book provides readers with OD basic principles, practices, and skills by featuring illustrative case studies and useful tools. This book shows how OD professionals can actually get work done and what the step-by-step OD effort should be. This book looks at how to choose and implement a range of interventions at different levels. Unlike other books currently available on the market, this book goes beyond individual, group, and organizational levels of OD interventions, and addresses broader OD intervention efforts at industry and community levels, too. Essentially, this book provides a practical guide for OD interventions. Each chapter provides practical information about general OD interventions, supplies best practice examples and case studies, summarizes the results of best practices, provides at least one case scenario, and offers at least one relevant tool for practitioners.

The Principles of Project Finance reviews the technique of project finance. It explores, step-by-step, the key ingredients of the concept. The book is aimed at a business savvy audience, but one which is not necessarily up to speed on the concept, and has a global reach by covering both OECD countries and the emerging markets. Project finance is positioned at a key point between the global capital markets and the energy and infrastructure industries. To explain and illustrate the ideas behind project finance, the book is made of chapters written by a range of leading players in the market from around the world and is split into four sections: c The first reviews various themes and issues key to the project finance market - views from bankers, lawyers and advisers plus chapters on bank, bond and multilateral finance and a look at environmental, insurance and construction market issues. c The second section looks at how project finance is used in various sectors of the energy and infrastructure market - renewable energy, oil and gas, mining, PPPs and roads and transportation. cThe third then takes an in-depth look at various projects finance markets from around the world - Australia, Vietnam, Indonesia, India, Turkey, Russia, Africa, France, USA and Brazil. c Finally, the fourth section presents a series of Top 10 deal cases studies from the pages of Thomson Reuters Project Finance International (PFI), the leading source of global project finance information.

This book offers a rich, insider's viewpoint of the lived experience of brain injury. Sherry, a survivor of brain injury himself, uses a cross-disciplinary theoretical approach (drawing upon the social and medical models of disability and combining them with lessons from feminism, queer theory, postcolonial and postmodern literature) to frame an enriching narrative about the lived experience of brain injury.

The success of a Lean manufacturing program depends far more on organization-wide leverage of Lean manufacturing tools than it does on the tools themselves. To this the organization must add the human relations aspects that earn buy-in and engagement by all members of the workforce, to the extent that workers will react immediately and decisively to the presence of waste. The synergy of the human and technological aspects of Lean form what Henry Ford called a universal code for the achievement of world-class results in any enterprise, and which he put into practice to deliver unprecedented bottom line results. This book expands upon and systemizes this universal code into a structure or framework that promotes organizational self-audits and continuous improvement. The book's first section offers a foundation of four simple but comprehensive Lean key performance indicators (KPIs): waste of the time of things (as in cycle time), waste of the time of people, waste of energy, and waste of materials. The Toyota Production System's seven wastes are all measurable in terms of these four KPIs, which also cover the key metrics of Eliyahu Goldratt's theory of constraints: throughput, inventory, and operating expense. The first section then adds a proactive improvement cycle that sets out to look for trouble by isolating processes for analytical purposes and measuring and then balancing inputs and outputs to force all wastes to become visible. It is in fact technically impossible for any waste of material or energy to hide from what chemical engineers call a material and energy balance. Application of this book's content should therefore satisfy most provisions of the ISO 14001 environmental management system standard and the new ISO 50001 energy management system standard. The second section consists of an unofficial (and therefore customizable) standard against which the organization can audit its Lean management system. The unofficial standard is designed to be compatible with ISO 9001:2008 so internal auditors can assess both systems simultaneously. Each provision includes numerous examples of questions that promote audits in a narrative form as opposed to yes/no checklists or Likert scale ratings. The unofficial standard can also be downloaded (without the assessment questions) from the publisher's Web site. The third section elaborates in detail on the second and provides numerous real-world examples of applications.