This textbook introduces readers in an accessible and engaging way to the nuts and bolts of protein expression and engineering. Various case studies illustrate each step from the early sequence searches in online databases over plasmid design and molecular cloning techniques to protein purification and characterization. Furthermore, readers are provided with practical tips to successfully pursue a career as a protein engineer. With protein engineering being a fundamental technique in almost all molecular biology labs, the book targets advanced undergraduates and graduate students working in molecular biology, biotechnology and related scientific fields.

This monograph is neither a historical outline of the development of the concepts of protein biosynthesis and the structure and functions of the ribosomes, nor an exhaustive survey of the literature on these questions. The monograph is based upon an analysis of the modern trends in this field. The purpose of the monograph was to formulate more or less generalized representations of the structure and" function of the ribosome, as we envision it at the present day. It may be that this attempt is premature for a number of reasons, and the concepts outlined here will very soon be revised. Nonetheless, despite this risk, we believe it to be advisable to undertake this attempt for the following reasons: firstly, the undertaken analysis could aid in the comprehension of the substantial mass of extremely scattered experimental data on the ribosomes presently available; secondly, in any event, even if most of the concepts outlined rapidly become obselete, they can still serve as a stimulus for a whole series of experiments; and thirdly, we hope that some of the concepts outlined will still remain essentially correct and relatively stable. In view of the aforementioned, we should make the following reservations. First of all, we made no attempt to cite all the literature on the problems discussed, but considered it sufficient to illustrate the various premises with one or several sample references.

This is the first serious attempt to synthesize all that became known of glutathione over the last three decades. The book contains an update of glutathione biosynthesis with special emphasis on its regulation in adaptive stress responses. Other chapters review glutathione transport systems and glutathione peroxidases and their differences in substrate specificities and localization. Further contributions center on the diversified roles of different glutathione-S-transferases and the roles of nitrosoglutathione and glutaredoxins - a subfamily of redoxins. The book closes with discussions of the analogous or homologous thiol metabolism in pathogens and the potential suitability of involved enzymes as drug targets. Key selling features: Summarizing the way glutathione is involved in stress responses Compiling the multiple ways glutathione affects inflammatory responses Disclosing how glutathione dampens programmed cell death such as ferroptosis Exploring the enigma of how enzymes accelerate glutathione-dependent processes Discussing how detoxification and redox regulation is mediated by glutathionylation Reviewing the ways glutaredoxins catalyze protein disulfide reduction Highlighting the medical impact of glutathione-related metabolic pathways Illustrating the role thiol metabolism of pathogens might play in drug discovery

This book reviews the principles of design and examples of successful implementation of proteinkinase inhibitors (PKI), and offers a comprehensive and authoritative overview of the history and latest developments in the field. Chapters written by experts from industry and academia cover the function, structure and topology of Proteinkinases, molecular modelling, disclose how to achieve high level of selectivity for kinase inhibitors, and exploit kinase inhibitors for cancer treatment. Particular attention is given to Inhibitors of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3, and to covalent Janus Kinase 3 Inhibitors. A case study on Receptor Tyrosine Kinases EGFR, VEGFR, PDGFR is also presented in this book. Given its breath, this book will appeal to medicinal chemists, students, researchers and professionals alike.

Protein Homeostasis Diseases: Mechanisms and Novel Therapies offers an interdisciplinary examination of the fundamental aspects, biochemistry and molecular biology of protein homeostasis disease, including the use of natural and pharmacological small molecules to treat common and rare protein homeostasis disorders. Contributions from international experts discuss the biochemical and genetic components of protein homeostasis disorders, the mechanisms by which genetic variants may cause loss-of-function and gain-of-toxic-function, and how natural ligands can restore protein function and homeostasis in genetic diseases. Applied chapters provide guidance on employing high throughput sequencing and screening methodologies to develop pharmacological chaperones and repurpose approved drugs to treat protein homeostasis disorders.

"Introducing Proteomics" gives a concise and coherent overview of every aspect of current proteomics technology, which is a rapidly developing field that is having a major impact within the life and medical sciences.

This student-friendly book, based on a successful course developed by the author, provides its readers with sufficient theoretical background to be able to plan, prepare, and analyze a proteomics study.

The text covers the following: Separation TechnologiesAnalysis of Peptides/Proteins by Mass SpectrometryStrategies in Proteomics

This contemporary text also includes numerous examples and explanations for why particular strategies are better than others for certain applications. In addition, "Introducing Proteomics" includes extensive references and a list of relevant proteomics information sources; essential for any student.

This no-nonsense approach to the subject tells students exactly what they need to know, leaving out unnecessary information. The student companion site enhances learning and provides answers to the end of chapter problems.

"I think this book will be a popular and valuable resource for students and newcomers to the field who would like to have an overview and initial understanding of what proteomics is about. The contents are well organized and address the major issues."
--Professor Walter Kolch, Director, Systems Biology Ireland & Conway Institute, University College Dublin

Companion Website
www.wiley.com/go/lovric

Written by a pioneer in the development of spin labeling in biophysics, this expert book covers the fundamentals of nitroxide spin labeling through cutting-edge applications in chemistry, physics, materials science, molecular biology, and biomedicine. Nitroxides have earned their place as one of the most popular organic paramagnets due to their suitability as inhibitors of oxidative processes, as a means to polarize magnetic nuclei, and, in molecular biology, as probes and labels to understand molecular structures and dynamics AS DRAGS FOR CANCER AND OTHER DISEASES. Beginning with an overview of the basic methodology and nitroxides' 145-year history, this book equips students with necessary background and techniques to undertake original research and industry work in this growing field.

This book offers an authoritative review of biopharmaceuticals and their clinical relevance. Biopharmaceuticals have been showing high therapeutic potential by means of biological and biosimilar medicines, particularly for the treatment of cancer, chronic diseases (e.g. diabetes, Crohn's disease, psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis), neurodegenerative disorders (e.g. multiple sclerosis), and they have also been contributing to the progress of innovative therapies such as assisted reproductive medicine. Since the eighties, several biopharmaceuticals have been approved and, due to patents expiration, many biosimilars are also marketed. In this book, readers will find the most relevant updated information about the main clinical applications of pharmaceutical biotechnology. The authors provide expert analysis about the industrial challenges of recombinant proteins and the different classes of biopharmaceuticals, including monoclonal antibodies, vaccines, growth factors and stem cells. Topics such as bioprinting technologies in tissue engineering, gene therapy and personalized medicine are also covered in this book. Professionals, students and researchers interested in this field will find this work an important account.

Sets the stage for the design and application of new protein cages

Featuring contributions from a team of international experts in the coordination chemistry of biological systems, this book enables readers to understand and take advantage of the fascinating internal molecular environment of protein cages. With the aid of modern organic and polymer techniques, the authors explain step by step how to design and construct a variety of protein cages. Moreover, the authors describe current applications of protein cages, setting the foundation for the development of new applications in biology, nanotechnology, synthetic chemistry, and other disciplines.

Based on a thorough review of the literature as well as the authors' own laboratory experience, "Coordination Chemistry in Protein Cages"Sets forth the principles of coordination reactions in natural protein cagesDetails the fundamental design of coordination sites of small artificial metalloproteins as the basis for protein cage designDescribes the supramolecular design and assembly of protein cages for or by metal coordinationExamines the latest applications of protein cages in biology and nanotechnologyDescribes the principles of coordination chemistry that govern self-assembly of synthetic cage-like molecules

Chapters are filled with detailed figures to help readers understand the complex structure, design, and application of protein cages. Extensive references at the end of each chapter serve as a gateway to important original research studies and reviews in the field.

With its detailed review of basic principles, design, and applications, "Coordination Chemistry in Protein Cages" is recommended for investigators working in biological inorganic chemistry, biological organic chemistry, and nanoscience.

Despite being known and studied for years, peptides have never before attracted enough attention to necessitate the invention of the term "peptidomics" in order to specify the study of the complement of peptides from a cell, organelle, tissue or organism. In Peptidomics: Methods and Protocols, expert researchers present a comprehensive range of analytical techniques for the analysis of the peptide contents of complex biological samples with an emphasis often on higher throughput techniques, suitable for the analysis of large numbers of peptides typically present in the peptidomes. Encompassing a number of species ranging from bacteria to man, the methods presented intensively cover topics such as organism handling, tissue and organ dissection, cellular and subcellular fractionation, peptide extraction, fractionation and purification, structural characterization, molecular cloning, and sequence analysis. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology (TM) series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Comprehensive and cutting-edge, Peptidomics: Methods and Protocols brings this ten year old field fully up-to-date in order to inspire novices and experts alike with the easy-to-follow practical advice needed to set up and carry out analysis of the peptide contents of complex biological samples.

Protein engineering has proved to be one of the more fruitful technological approaches in biotechnology, being both very powerful and able to generate valuable intellectual property. This book aims to present examples in which the application of protein engineering has successfully solved problems arising in industrial biotechnology. There is a section on its use to enhance purification of recombinant proteins. The use of protein engineering to modify the activity or the stability of industrial enzymes from lipases to proteases, from carboxypeptidases to glucanases and glucosidases, and from pectin modifying enzymes to enzymes able to degrade recalcitrant compounds is extensively covered. It is shown how areas as diverse as agrofood technology, fine chemistry, detergents, bioremediation and biosensors receive significant contributions from protein and solvent engineering. The application of protein engineering to health care is also covered, from the development of new vaccines to new potential therapeutic proteins. A specific notation is given to protein engineering in the development of target molecules for drug discovery. International in scope, the many contributions are drawn from academia and industry. The text should be of interest to students and researchers in industrial biotechnology as well as to everybody interested in basic research in protein structure, molecular genetics, bio-organic chemistry, biochemistry, agrobiotechnology, pharmaceutical sciences and medicine.

Intrinsically Disordered Proteins: Dynamics, Binding, and Function thoroughly examines and ties together the fundamental biochemical functions of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs), including signaling, binding, and regulation, with the methodology for study and the associated pathways for drug design and therapeutic intervention. The role of new mechanistic, computational, and experimental approaches in IDP study are explored in depth, with methods for the characterization of IDP dynamics; models, simulations, and mechanisms of IDP and IDR binding; and biological and medical implications of IDP dynamics prominently featured. Written and edited by leading scientists in the field, this book explores groundbreaking areas such as ensemble descriptions of IDPs and IDRs, single-molecule studies of IDPs and IDRs, IDPs and IDRs in membraneless organelles, and molecular mechanisms of fibrillation of IDPs. Intrinsically Disordered Proteins provides students and researchers in biochemistry, molecular biology, and applied microbiology with a comprehensive and updated discussion of the complex dynamics of IDPs and IDRs.

The last few years have seen an unprecedented drive toward the application of proteomics to resolving challenging biomedical and biochemical tasks. Separation techniques combined with modern mass spectrometry are playing a central role in this drive. This book discusses the increasingly important role of mass spectrometry in proteomic research, and emphasizes recent advances in the existing technology and describes the advantages and pitfalls as well.
* Provides a scientifically valid method for analyzing the approximatey 500,000 proteins that are encoded in the human genome
* Explains the hows and whys of using mass spectrometry in proteomic analysis
* Brings together the latest approaches combining separation techniques and mass spectrometry and their application in proteome analysis
* Comments on future challenges and how they may be addressed
* Includes sections on troubleshooting

A world-class, concise guide to all things proteomics

This book provides a highly authoritative introduction to the promising and fast-advancing field of proteomics, examining the role proteomics plays in the study of biological systems in general and disease in particular. It helps readers understand the structure, function, and interactions of proteins and how this knowledge is used for identifying diseases and developing new drugs.

Nawin Mishra, a world-renowned speaker and leader in proteomics studies who has worked with the late Nobel Laureate E. L. Tatum when proteomics was in its infancy, offers an expert perspective on the entire field, including:

Easily accessible overview of the principles of proteomics

Coverage of real-world, cutting-edge medical applications, including personalized medicine

Clear guidelines on how to operate the complex instrumentation involved in proteomics

Discussion of the future of proteomics

Complete with handy study questions and assuming only a basic understanding of biology, "Introduction to Proteomics" is an invaluable reference for novices and research scientists alike.

This new edition continues to illustrate the power of biological data in knowledge discovery. It describes biological data types and representations with examples for creating a workflow in bioinformation discovery. The concepts in knowledge discovery from data are illustrated using line diagrams. The principles and concepts in knowledge discovery are used for the development of prediction models for simulations of biological reactions and events. Advanced topics in molecular evolution and cellular & molecular biology are addressed using bioinformation gleaned through discovery. Each chapter contains approximately 10 exercises for practice. This will help students to expand their problem solving skills in Bioinformation Discovery. In this new edition, there are three new chapters covering single nucleotide polymorphism, genes, proteins and disease, and protein functions driven by surface electrostatics.

Protein-Protein Interactions in Human Disease, Volume 111, Part B, promotes further research and development in the protein interaction network in order to identify critical proteins involved in the etiology of human diseases and locate new protein targets for drug development. Thus, this volume is of considerable interest to protein chemists, pharmacologists, cell biologists, immunologists, structural biologists, computational biochemists and other researchers working in the field. In addition, these articles would be of great benefit to medical, biology and pharmacology students who specialize in this field.

This volume highlights recent progress on the fundamental chemistry and mechanistic understanding of metallocofactors, with an emphasis on the major development in these areas from the perspective of bioinorganic chemistry. Metallocofactors are essential for all forms of life and include a variety of metals, such as iron, molybdenum, vanadium, and nickel. Structurally fascinating metallocofactors featuring these metals are present in many bacteria and mediate remarkable metabolic redox chemistry with small molecule substrates, including N2, CO, H2, and CO2. Current interest in understanding how these metallocofactors function at the atomic level is enormous, especially in the context of sustainably feeding and fueling our planet; if we can understand how these cofactors work, then there is the possibility to design synthetic catalysts that function similarly.

"Provides a lot of reading pleasure and many new insights." —Journal of Molecular Structure

"This is the most entertaining, stimulating and useful book which can be thoroughly recommended to anyone with an interest in computer simulation." —Contemporary Physics

"A very useful introduction . . . more interesting to read than the often dry equation-based texts." —Journal of the American Chemical Society

Written especially for the novice, Molecular Dynamics Simulation demonstrates how molecular dynamics simulations work and how to perform them, focusing on how to devise a model for specific molecules and then how to simulate their movements using a computer. This book provides a collection of methods that until now have been scattered through the literature of the last 25 years. It reviews elements of sampling theory and discusses how modern notions of chaos and nonlinear dynamics explain the workings of molecular dynamics.

Stresses easy-to-use molecules

• Provides sample calculations and figures
• Includes four complete FORTRAN codes

Proteins in Food Processing, Second Edition, reviews how proteins may be used to enhance the nutritional, textural and other qualities of food products. After two introductory chapters, the book discusses sources of proteins, examining the caseins, whey, muscle and soy proteins, and proteins from oil-producing plants, cereals and seaweed. Part Two illustrates the analysis and modification of proteins, with chapters on testing protein functionality, modeling protein behavior, extracting and purifying proteins and reducing their allergenicity. A final group of chapters delves into the functional value of proteins and how they are used as additives in foods.

G Protein Coupled Receptors, Second Edition, Volume 143, a new volume in the Methods in Cell Biology series, continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. It contains a wide array of topics about the G protein coupled receptors, as well as updates of chapters from the first edition.

Proteomics is a well-established area of Science; yet with a strong area in constant evolution, namely sample treatment. There few books that currently cover the field of emerging sample treatments in proteomics, this new volume will be the first to cover all emerging and existing studies. This unique book presents the latest advances in the field focusing on emerging trends linked to high-resolution mass spectrometry, technology addressed to treat samples faster and to attempts to simplify the proteome for the reader.

This detailed collection gathers both established and recent technical procedures to study the Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport (ESCRT) complexes in a wide range of biological systems: Archaea, A. thaliana, U. maydis, S. cerevisiae, S. pombe, C. elegans, D. melanogaster, and mammalian cells. Opening with a section on imaging techniques, the book continues with chapters covering biochemical approaches presenting strategies for production and characterization of recombinant ESCRT proteins, or of specific ESCRT protein domains, as well as genetic and proteomic experimental approaches. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introduction to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, The ESCRT Complexes: Methods and Protocols serves as a compact guide for researchers interested in establishing an integrated approach to investigate the ESCRT machinery functions in cell biology.

Arginine is one of the amino acids with multiple metabolic pathways. Apart from its role in the composition of proteins, it is the biosynthetic precursor of nitric oxide, creatine, agmatine, proline, homoarginine and polyamines. In chapter One of this book, the reasons for and the possible advantages and disadvantages of nutritional arginine supplementation are critically discussed in the light of established biochemical results. Chapter Two summarises the position and importance of the L-arginine in nitric oxide homeostasis, disbalance of which can be one of the causes of many acute and chronic diseases. Chapter Three provides a brief overview of L-arginine and cardiometabolic health. Chapter Four discusses the use of novel synthetic biodegradable arginine-rich implantable biomaterials and devices for human body repair and reconstruction. Chapter Five reviews beneficial effects of L-arginine supplementation in controlling blood pressure. Chapter Six reviews the recent information about the advantages of using L-Arginine as a dietary supplement to improve reproductive function in certain female domestic animals, such as the ewe, sow, and mare, as well as in female rats and humans.

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) has many applications across various disciplines. This oncofetal protein is routinely used by clinicians for antenatal testing as well for the screening and treatment monitoring of certain malignances. Innovative research using AFP has also been very promising. Recent developments include the use of AFP or its recombinant fragments for drug delivery to cancer cells, as well as for the engineering of cancer vaccines and T cell immunotherapies. The anti-estrogenic potential of AFP has also been utilised to develop drugs directed against estrogen receptor positive malignancies. This book is divided into five sections. In Section One, the history of AFP is recollected, and the role of AFP in normal and pathological conditions is explored. Section Two and Three focus on the utility of AFP during pregnancy. In Section Two, the use of routine maternal serum AFP screening for detection of chromosomal aneuploidies and neural tube defects in normal pregnancies and pregnancies with pre-existing disease is discussed; the potential use of AFP for the detection of preeclampsia is also reviewed. Section Three explores the pathogenesis and data linking unexplained elevations of AFP to adverse obstetrical outcomes. Section Four presents chapters that discuss AFP ligand binding, receptor targeting, and drug delivery strategies. Finally, Section Five serves to explain the regulatory roles of AFP, its use in immunotherapy, and in the development of cancer vaccines. The aim of this book is to bring together some of the great research and clinical insights that currently surround AFP. The target audiences for this book are basic science researchers as well as clinicians.

Hsp90 in Cancer: Beyond the Usual Suspects, the latest volume in the Advances in Cancer Research series, focuses on the multifunctional molecular chaperone Hsp90 which regulates the post-translational stability and function of a broad repertoire of client proteins and discusses some of the lesser-known aspects of how Hsp90 and its related family members enable oncogenic transformation and malignant progression.