This is the second edition of a superbly illustrated manual on neck dissection that will serve as a roadmap for advanced surgeons and beginners alike. The reader is guided through the various cervical structures in a series of chapters depicting the methods employed by surgeons operating in vivo. The illustrations provide an overview of all surgical anatomy relevant to the treatment of oncologic patients. Compared with the first edition, revisions have been made when appropriate and an important new chapter has been added on microscopic anatomy and laryngeal cancer. This chapter, which will also be of interest to pathologists, documents the microscopic anatomy of the larynx, presents patterns of spread and surgical options, and depicts the major surgical procedures on the larynx with the aid of numerous photographs and line drawings.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and Electronecephalography (EEG) are very important and complementary modalities since fMRI offers high spatial resolution and EEG is a direct measurement of neuronal activity with high temporal resolution. Interest in the integration of both types of data is growing rapidly as it promises to provide important new insights into human brain activity as it has already done so in the field of epilepsy. The availability of good quality instrumentation capable of providing interference-free data in both modalities means that electrophysiological and haemodynamic characteristics of individual brain events can be captured for the first time. Consequently, it seems certain that the integration of fMRI and EEG will play an increasing role in neuroscience and of the clinical study of brain disorders such as epilepsy. The proposed book will discuss in detail the physiological principles, practical aspects of measurement, artefact reduction and analysis and also applications of the integration of fMRI and EEG. All applications, which are mainly in the fields of sleep research, cognitive neuroscience and clinical use in neurology and psychiatry will be reviewed.

Recent advances in the treatment of gynecologic malignancies led to a new worldwide consensus to introduce image guidance to gynecologic radiation therapy, particularly to brachytherapy. The book summarizes the changed practice of management: treatment planning for cervical cancer, not modified for over 60 years, has been shifted to an image-based approach, endometrial cancer management with an increase in the use of chemotherapy and vaginal brachytherapy, and vaginal cancer therapy including image guidance and high-dose delivery with IMRT.

Detection and characterization of bone tumors with imaging remains a big challenge for every radiologist notwithstanding the impressive progress achieved by the introduction of several new imaging modalities. Moreover, new concepts in surgical and oncological treatment of these lesions require from the radiologist appropriate and focused answers to the specifc questions asked by the referring physicians in order to choose the best therapeutic approach for the in- vidual patient. Tis comprehensive textbook describes in detail the possibilities and limits of all moda- ties, including MRI, CT, nuclear medicine and interventional radiological procedures, employed for the modern imaging of tumoral and tumor-like lesions of bone. Teir role in the diagnosis, surgical staging, biopsy and assessment of response to therapy is discussed in detail, covering all tumor subtypes as well as their specifc anatomical location.Well selected and technically imp- cable illustrations strongly enhance the didactic value of this work. I am very much indebted and grateful to the three editors: A. Mark Davies, Murali Sundaram and Steven L. J. James, world authorities in musculoskeletal radiology, for their superb scientifc achievement in preparing and editing this wonderful volume as well as for their individual ch- ters. I would also like to thank the large international group of collaborating authors, who are also widely acknowledged for their specifc expertise in the area of bone tumors, for their outstanding contributions.

The topography of the brainstem is complex, and even experienced neurologists find it challenging to localize brainstem lesions and diagnose brainstem disorders. This richly illustrated book provides a comprehensive review of brainstem disorders and presents the clinical knowledge necessary for diagnosis. The opening sections document the brainstem neuroanatomy and discuss current diagnostic methods. The entire spectrum of clinical findings in brainstem disorders is then described, and topodiagnostic aspects of the neurological findings are explained in detail. The descriptions of brain stem disorders are consistently structured and are supported by many MR images and short case reports. In addition to primary brainstem lesions, such as vascular brainstem syndromes, other disorders are considered that do not exclusively show brainstem symptoms or signs, e.g., multiple sclerosis. This book will serve as an invaluable reference work for neurologists in clinical practice or further education.

This volume provides a comprehensive overview of recent developments in magnetic particle imaging (MPI), a novel imaging modality. Using various static and oscillating magnetic fields, and tracer materials made from iron oxide nanoparticles, MPI can perform background-free measurements of the particles' local concentration. The method exploits the nonlinear remagnetization behavior of the particles and has the potential to surpass current methods for the detection of iron oxide in terms of sensitivity and spatiotemporal resolution. Starting from an introduction to the technology, the topics addressed include setting up an imaging device, assessment of image quality, development of new MPI tracer materials, and the first preclinical results. This is the first book to be published on magnetic particle imaging, and it will be an invaluable source of information for everyone with an interest in this exciting new modality.

This book, unique in focusing specifically on cardiac masses, is the result of cooperation among a number of teams of radiologists working under the aegis of the French Society of Cardiovascular Imaging (SFICV). Its goal is to review the different CMR sequences and CT acquisition protocols used to explore cardiac masses, highlighting their diagnostic capabilities. It has been designed as a teaching tool and offers a fully illustrated compendium of clinical cases, tables summarizing data, and decision-making trees essential in everyday practice. It is presented as a practical handbook and can be either read cover to cover or consulted whenever needed during a cardiac imaging assignment. The book is intended for all students and experienced practitioners, whether radiologists or not, who are interested in cardiac or thoracic pathology.

This book provides information on the acquired and genetic basis of aortic diseases as well as giving a global perspective on therapeutic alternatives. The new concept of a team approach with surgeons working together with both interventional radiologists and specialists to repair the aorta is the trademark of this book. New material and new viewpoints are provided to practicing physicians in this modern approach to the treatment of disorders of the aorta.

This is the second edition of a very popular book on DICOM that introduces this complex standard from a very practical point of view. It is aimed at a broad audience of radiologists, clinical administrators, information technologists, medical students, and lecturers. The book provides a gradual, down to earth introduction to DICOM, accompanied by an analysis of the most common problems associated with its implementation. Compared with the first edition, many improvements and additions have been made, based on feedback from readers. Whether you are running a teleradiology project or writing DICOM software, this book will provide you with clear and helpful guidance. It will prepare you for any DICOM projects or problem solving, and assist you in taking full advantage of multifaceted DICOM functionality.

99mTc-sestamibi is a single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) radiotracer that is widely used for the imaging of myocardial perfusion, as well as a variety of malignant and benign diseases. 99mTc-Sestamibi - Clinical Applications provides a detailed and informative overview of almost all the oncologic and non-oncologic applications of 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT, including several relatively rare indications. Different disease-related protocols for 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT are presented, and for each disease a comprehensive summary of the relevant pathology and epidemiology is provided. Throughout, there is a strong emphasis on the practical aspects of use of this popular tracer, including instructions for the preparation of several commercially available tracer kits. Clinical practitioners will find this book to be an invaluable guide to the application and benefits of 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT in both the inpatient and the outpatient setting.

Introduction to CT scan and MRI.- Anomalous systemic venous connections.- Anomalous pulmonary venous connections.- Atrial septal defect.- Unroofed coronary sinus.- Atrioventricular septal defect.- Ventricular septal defect.- Tetralogy of Fallot.- Tetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve.- Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum.- Ebstein's anomaly.- Patent ductus arteriosus.- Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction.- Aortic coarctation.- Aortic arch interruption.- Complete transposition of the great arteries.- Hypoplastic left heart syndrome.- Cor triatriatum.- Tricuspid atresia.- Single ventricle.- Pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect.- Truncus arteriosus.- Aorto-pulmonary window.- Anomalous pulmonary arteries.- Anomalous coronary arteries.- Double outlet right ventricle.- Double discordance.- Isomerism.- Slings and rings.

During the past few years, cardiac CT (CCT) has acquired an increasingly important role as a noninvasive imaging method that allows assessment of coronary heart disease from both the morphological and the functional standpoint. It is quickly becoming a primary clinical tool for the evaluation and follow-up of various conditions related to the heart and great vessels and is providing valuable insights into the natural history of atherosclerosis. The rapid advances in CCT technology, the advent of new clinical applications, and the acquisition of data on prognostic value are just some of the reasons for the publication of this new edition of Clinical Applications of Cardiac CT, little more than 3 years after the first edition appeared. The text has been extensively revised and updated to reflect current knowledge and practice, and the structure and layout of the educational content have also been improved. The imaging targets, semeiology, technique, and clinical applications of CCT are all covered in detail, and in addition relevant information is provided on epidemiology, clinical assessment, and the role of other diagnostic modalities. This book will prove an invaluable tool for radiologists and cardiologists alike.

Fecal incontinence is a common and embarrassing condition with a devastating impact on patients' lives. Since it may result from a variety of pathophysiological situations, an accurate diagnostic work-up is crucial. A range of therapies is available, but choosing the correct option is pivotal to successful management. This book reviews the latest advances in the epidemiologic, socio-economic, psychological, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects of fecal incontinence, helping to establish effective treatment guidelines.

Since their first application in 1982, Totally Implantable Venous Access Devices (TIVADs) have become increasingly important in the clinical practice, as more intensive chemotherapy and parenteral treatments have come into use. At this time, there is objective evidence that TIVADs are a safe, effective strategy for long-term venous access; they play a significant role throughout the management of the oncology patient, as they are needed in the initial phases for active treatments as well as in the last stages for palliative measures, making possible repeated administration of chemotherapeutic vesicant agents, nutrients, antibiotics, analgesics, and blood products. According to a number of prospective studies, use of TIVADs is associated with a significant complication rate (10% to 25% of all patients). Evidence-based data support that most complications are directly related to inappropriate technique of placement and/or nursing care, sometimes leading to TIVAD loss, significant morbidity, increased duration of hospitalization, and additional medical cost. A group of world-renowned experts - both in the clinical and research fields - contributed to this volume, whose aim is to provide clinicians, nurses and medical students with a multidisciplinary, full update on these devices, as long term central venous access can no be longer considered a routine matter, and serious complications can be maintained at a very low level only if strict adherence to a well-defined protocol of surgical technique and of catheter care is maintained.

This book aims to provide a complete overview of the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). It has been conceived to be both a detailed guide for clinical practice and an updated reference for all those involved in the evaluation of GISTs imaging. The publication provides comprehensive descriptions of the full range of common imaging and non imaging techniques used in the diagnosis and followup of GISTs. Techniques reviewed include: Conventional radiography* Endoscopy and endoscopic ultrasound* Conventional, color-Doppler and contrast-enhanced ultrasound* Computed tomography* Magnetic resonance imaging, and* Contrast-enhanced PET/CT imaging. Both medical and surgical treatment strategies are also fully reviewed. Finally, the book concludes with a chapter that aims to stimulate widespread interest in the formation of new GISTs Units. Written by experts in the field, the book is enriched throughout by numerous black-and-white and color images, making it an invaluable source of information as well as an indispensable guide to interpreting images for radiologists, gastroenterologists, pathologists, oncologists and surgeons.

Principles and Practice of Stereotactic Radiosurgery, Second Edition serves as the definitive reference textbook for SRS practitioners. It provides a theoretical basis for the use of therapeutic radiation including imaging techniques and radiobiology. The bulk of the textbook contains chapters that are comprehensive in scope on all diseases that are treated by SRS. Lastly, it addresses administrative and technical aspects of running an SRS unit. Each chapter provides an expansive treatment of the subject, with emphasis placed on the technical aspects of SRS so that practitioners in this field can use it as a daily reference. Written by noted experts in the field, Principles and Practice of Stereotactic Radiosurgery, Second Edition is the only reference needed for neurosurgeons, radiation oncologists and medical physicists at all levels of training and practice who are interested in SRS.

This third edition of Electron Microscopy: Methods and Protocols expands upon the previous editions with current, detailed protocols on biological and molecular research techniques based on TEM and SEM as well as other closely related imaging and analytical methods. With new chapters on conventional and microwave assisted specimen, cryo-specimen preparation, negative staining and immunogold labelling techniques, DNA and RNA tracking using hybrization in TEM or Atomic Force Microscopy, TEM crystallography and cryo TEM 3D tomography, 3D tomography of resin embedded tissues using FIB-SEM, Correlative microscopy using fluorescence microscopy, confocal microscopy or immune labelling techniques for both TEM and FIB-SEM and Elemental and isotopic identification and their distribution in cells and tissues using TEM, SEM, Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM), Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) and Nano SIMS. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Electron Microscopy: Methods and Protocols, Third Edition provides the most up-to-date and essential information in electron microscopy techniques and methods provided in this edition will assist in advancing future molecular and biological research.

Atlas of Thyroid Lesions provides a broad overview of the variety of lesions in the thyroid gland and their different characteristics and features, in the unique combination of ultrasound, cytologic and histologic appearance. Nodules in the thyroid gland are quite common. Studies estimate that more than 70% of the adult population in the United States has thyroid lesions when examined by ultrasound. More than 80% of thyroid nodules are benign. Too many benign nodules are surgically resected due to insufficient diagnostics, and too many malignant tumors do not get adequate primary surgical treatment. This book demonstrates how multidisciplinary approaches can increase the quality of the complex thyroid diagnoses and thereby secure correct treatment. This atlas presents: *Comprehensive description and overview of all thyroid lesions, tumor types, nodules and neck lymph node metastases *High quality ultrasound and pathology images *Easy to find images of anticipated tumor types *Didactic tools for how to improve diagnostic accuracy in the field

Dr. Leonard Swischuk has revised his outstanding work on imaging the cervical spine in children. He draws upon his extensive experience to provide practitioners with an insightful approach to pediatric cervical spine injuries. The text covers developmental anatomy, normal variants, congenital anomalies, abnormalities of the dens, trauma, and miscellaneous abnormalities of the cervical spine. The book has several strengths that appeal to radiology residents, such as its succinct overview of the topic and helpful reference lists that guide readers to additional resources. Dr. Swischuk illustrates conditions he discusses with excellent plain film examples that help residents identify cases they are likely to encounter during board exams and in practice. Accompanying CT and MR images clarify and qualify the findings. Dr. Swischuk's direct writing style makes the complex content highly accessible, providing imaging residents with an invaluable introduction to pediatric cervical spine radiology.

Emergency Musculoskeletal Imaging in Children is a practical, concise, and easy-to-read guide to the radiologic workup of acute musculoskeletal injuries and conditions in children. The book is conveniently organized by anatomic site and covers all acute injuries and conditions of the upper and lower extremities encountered in the emergency room, outpatient clinic, and office. Close attention is also given to normal findings and anatomic variants that can mimic pathology. More than 600 MR, CT, ultrasound, and radiographic images complement the text.

This detailed volume will focus on the phenomenon of RNA interference by providing comprehensive coverage of various techniques for in vivo micro/siRNA imaging including the design and synthesis of specific imaging agents and tools, the development of imaging methodologies, and their interpretation. An essential element in the development and optimization of these therapies is the ability to measure the bioavailability and functionality of the RNA/oligonucleotide molecule after administration into the body. Noninvasive imaging provides the necessary set of tools to accomplish this in authentic physiologic environments and across time. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, RNA Imaging: Methods and Protocols serves physicians, scientists, and graduate students who are either new to the field of RNA-based imaging and its associated therapeutic applications or who wish to be apprised of recent advances in the state of the art.

This volume provides stepwise instructions for the analysis of numerous clinically important analytes by mass spectrometry. Mass spectrometry offers clinical laboratory scientists a number of advantages including increased sensitivity and specificity, multiple component analysis, and no need for specialized reagents. The techniques described are a must for the measurement of many clinically relevant analytes in the fields of drug analysis, endocrinology, and inborn errors of metabolism. Each chapter provides a brief introduction about a specified analyte, followed by detailed instructions on the analytical protocol. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Cutting edge and practical, Clinical Applications of Mass Spectrometry in Biomolecular Analysis: Methods and Protocols is a great resource for clinical laboratory scientists who are already using or thinking of bringing mass spectrometry to their laboratories.

Oncological imaging has thoroughly changed in the past decade, especially due to the introduction of PET and 18FDG. In Positron Emission Tomography, expert referring specialists and professional imagers seek to help bridge some of the knowledge gaps in several oncological domains. The book's goal is to aid in the improvement of communicative competences: to communicate scan findings so that the referring specialist receives proper advice from the imager, and that, alternatively, the referring one provides the imager with appropriate clinical details to allow for a proper interpretation, and that the referring specialist is aware of the possibilities and limitations of the requested technology. While it focuses on FDG PET, other radiopharmaceuticals are covered as well, where appropriate. Written for the highly respected Methods in Molecular Biology (TM) series, this volume provides the kind of detailed description and implementation advice that is crucial for getting optimal results. Authoritative and convenient, Positron Emission Tomography serves as an excellent reference for oncologists, surgeons, radiotherapists, radiologists, nuclear medicine physicians, and pathologists desiring a stronger synergy within their vital efforts.

The advent of non-invasive imaging technology, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), has allowed biologists and clinicians to make great strides in unraveling the secrets of the brain. In Magnetic Resonance Neuroimaging: Methods and Protocols, expert researchers in the field provide a comprehensive collection of experimental MRI protocols that can be used to non-invasively interrogate the healthy and diseased brain. The chapters are divided into general techniques, such as the measurement of relaxivity, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, diffusion tensor imaging, and MR reporter genes, as well as specific applications in brain imaging, for example, phenotyping transgenic animals, detecting amyloid plaques, and fMRI in psychiatry. As a volume in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology (TM) series, this work contains the type of detailed description and implementation advice that is crucial for getting optimal results. Thorough and cutting-edge, Magnetic Resonance Neuroimaging: Methods and Protocols serves neuroscientists, clinical neurologists, psychiatrists, and radiologists with an excellent compendium of methods easily applied to both animal and human studies and certain to be an excellent resource for translational research.

The discovery and genetic engineering of fluorescent proteins has revolutionized cell biology. What was previously invisible in the cell often can be made visible with the use of fluorescent proteins. In Vivo Cellular Imaging Using Fluorescent Proteins: Methods and Protocols presents state-of-the-art research that has contributed to the fluorescent protein revolution to visualize biological processes in the live animal. This volume covers an array of topics from the employment of the chick CAM model using fluorescent proteins and other fluorescent probes, to intravital fluorescent imaging, as well as 3-dimensional imaging, and design instructions on how to create new and improved far-red and infrared fluorescent proteins, to name a few. Written in the successful Methods in Molecular Biology (TM) series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and easily accessible, In Vivo Cellular Imaging Using Fluorescent Proteins: Methods and Protocols is the first volume in the new field of in vivo cell biology and it serves both professionals and novices with its well-honed methodologies.