As the need for geographical data rapidly expands in the 21st century, so too do applications of small-format aerial photography for a wide range of scientific, commercial and governmental purposes. Small-format Aerial Photography (SFAP) presents basic and advanced principles and techniques with an emphasis on digital cameras. Unmanned platforms are described in considerable detail, including kites, helium and hot-air blimps, model airplanes, and paragliders. Several case studies, primarily drawn from the geosciences, are presented to demonstrate how SFAP is actually used in various applications. Many of these integrate SFAP with ground-based investigations as well as conventional large-format aerial photography, satellite imagery, and other kinds of geographic information.

Praise for the Second Edition:

"A tour de force. Anyone seeking a combined primer and state-of-the-art summary on almost any facet of current geographical information systems (GIS) will find it here."
--International Journal of Geographical Information Science

"Stands as a definitive reference to GIS . . . a thorough and up-to-date overview of the subject."
--Australian Geographical Studies

"Remains the single-most valuable source for the dedicated GIS scholar and practitioner."
--Annals of the Association of American Geographers

"Conveys the continuing excitement that exists in GIS, the multitude of perspectives, issues, and solutions."
--Transactions in GIS

Since the publication of the First Edition of Geographical Information Systems in 1991, the "Big Book" of GIS has become the definitive work on the science, application, and practice of GIS. This new Abridged Second Edition of Geographical Information Systems brings this definitive reference to a whole new audience, with a streamlined format, a new chapter covering recent developments in GIS, and the full text of the Second Edition of Geographical Information Systems, seventy-two chapters in all, on the accompanying CD-ROM in searchable PDF format.

Unmatched in scope by any other reference on the subject, Geographical Information Systems, Second Edition provides crucial background on basic GIS concepts and addresses the radical shifts and changes that have taken place in GIS technology and its uses. Included in this Abridged Edition are twenty-four chapters covering topics as diverse as issues of space and time in GIS, problems with data quality, uncertainty and error detection, spatial analysis, developments in GIS architecture and spatial databases, GIS data collection, data transformation and linkage, implementing GIS and using it as a management tool, and the societal and legal implications of GIS and spatial information.

This affordable Abridged Edition provides a convenient reader for students taking any of a wide range of GIS courses, and serves as a concise reference for professionals working with GIS.

This book comprises select proceedings of the International Conference on Trends and Recent Advances in Civil Engineering (TRACE 2020). The volume focuses on latest research works carried out in the area of water resources and transportation engineering. The topics include technological intervention and solution for water security, sustainability in water resources and transportation infrastructure, crop protection, resilience to disaster like flood, hurricane and drought, traffic congestion, transport planning etc. It aims to address broad spectrum of audience by covering inter-disciplinary innovative research and applications in these areas. It will be useful to graduate students, researchers, scientists, and practitioners working in water resources and transportation engineering domain.

Systemic global risks of oil supply, climate shock and financial collapse threaten tomorrow's economies and mean businesses and policy makers face huge challenges in fuelling tomorrow's world. Jeremy Leggett gives a personal testimony of the dangers often ignored and incompletely understood - a journey through the human mind, the institutionalization of denial, and the reasons civilizations fail. It is also an account of tantalizing hope, because mobilizing renewables and redeploying energy funding can soften the crash of modern capitalism and set us on a road to renaissance.

You are here. Read on to see how to use GPS to get where you're going!

Got a GPS unit? Planning to buy one? Here's how to get all the benefits from that handy device. Most GPS receivers do much more than their owners realize. This book covers the basics (waypoints, tracks, coordinate systems) but also tells you all about using digital maps and Web-hosted mapping services, so you can venture forth with confidence.

Get the latest -- up-to-date information on the capabilities of popular handheld and automotive Global Positioning Systems

Make sense of maps -- learn more about how to read a map and how to get more from the free maps available online

A little technology -- discover a bit about GPS technology and understand its capabilities and limitations

What to look for -- when choosing the right GPS receiver for you

Compute this -- find out about digital mapping software and how to interface your GPS receiver with your computer

Where am I? -- understand what can affect your GPS reading and how accurate it will be

Get me there -- find your way around with Street Atlas USA(R), TopoFusion, Google Earth, and other tools

On and off-road -- explore topographical maps, aerial imagery, and the sport of geocaching

GPS at sea -- navigate the waters using your GPS with fish finders and nautical charts

Open the book and find:

The difference between smart and static maps

What a Geographic Information System is

How to work with map coordinate systems

How satellites and radio systems make GPS work

What GPS features you need for different activities

Why a cell phone with GPS capability isn't the same as a GPS unit

How to compare mapping software

What you need to start geocaching

Take advantage of your ArcMap experience to get started now with ArcGIS Pro 2.9. With the retirement of ArcMap coming soon, users need a tool to learn ArcGIS Pro quickly and efficiently-one that explains the new approach and improved functionality without bogging down. Experienced users don't need an in-depth introduction but one that gets them up and running using ArcGIS Pro in their daily workflows. Switching to ArcGIS Pro from ArcMap, second edition, is the concise yet comprehensive source for bringing existing ArcMap users up to speed with ArcGIS Pro. Updated and tested against ArcGIS Pro 2.9, this book introduces experienced ArcMap users to the ribbons, panes, and project-based structure of ArcGIS Pro. Covering the most common and important workflows required for most GIS work, this book concentrates on a project for Crater Lake in Oregon, so users will quickly become familiar with the data and be able to focus on learning the ArcGIS Pro UI in 10 chapters. Written by an author with 20-plus years of experience writing textbooks using Esri software, Switching to ArcGIS Pro from ArcMap, second edition, takes any frustration out of making the switch to the premier professional desktop GIS application from Esri.

This book explores popular music fandom from a cultural studies perspective that incorporates popular music studies, audience research, and media fandom. The essays draw together recent work on fandom in popular music studies and begin a dialogue with the wider field of media fan research, raising questions about how popular music fandom can be understood as a cultural phenomenon and how much it has changed in light of recent developments. Exploring the topic in this way broaches questions on how to define, theorize, and empirically research popular music fan culture, and how music fandom relates to other roles, practices, and forms of social identity. Fandom itself has been brought center stage by the rise of the internet and an industrial structure aiming to incorporate, systematize, and legitimate dimensions of it as an emotionally-engaged form of consumerism. Once perceived as the pariah practice of an overly attached audience, media fandom has become a standardized industrial subject-position called upon to sell box sets, concert tickets, new television series, and special editions. Meanwhile, recent scholarship has escaped the legacy of interpretations that framed fans as passive, pathological, or defiantly empowered, taking its object seriously as a complex formation of identities, roles, and practices. While popular music studies has examined some forms of identity and audience practice, such as the way that people use music in daily life and listener participation in subcultures, scenes and, tribes, this volume is the first to examine music fans as a specific object of study.

Master GIS Applications on Modelling and Mapping the Risks of Diseases Infections transmitted by mosquitoes, ticks, triatomine bugs, sandflies, and black flies cause significant rates of death and disease, especially in developing countries. Why are certain places more susceptible to vector-borne diseases? Modelling Interactions Between Vector-Borne Diseases and Environment Using GIS reveals how using geographic information systems (GISs) can provide a greater understanding of how vector-borne diseases are spread and explores the use of geographical techniques in vector-borne disease monitoring, management, and control. This text provides readers with a better understanding of the vector-borne disease problem and its impact on public health. Introduces New Spatial Approaches Based on Location and Environment The book exposes readers to information on how to identify vector hotspots, determine when and where they can occur, and eliminate vector breeding sites. Utilizing simple illustrations based on real data, as well as the authors' more than 20 years of experience in the field, this text combines key spatial analysis techniques available in modern GIS with real-world applications. It offers step-by-step instruction on developing vector-borne disease risk models at different spatial and temporal scales and helps practitioners formulate disease causation hypotheses and identify areas at risk. In addition, it addresses medical geography, GIS, spatial analysis, and modelling, and covers other factors related to the spread of vector-borne diseases. This book: Gives an overview of common vector-borne diseases, GIS-based mapping and modelling, impacts of climate change on vector distributions, and availability and importance of accurate epidemiologically relevant spatial data Describes modelling and simulating the prevalence of vector-borne diseases around the world Summarizes some key spatial techniques and how they can be used to aid in the analysis of geographical and attributed data Defines the concept of establishing and characterizing spatial data systems, including their quality, errors, references, and issues of scale, and building such a system from often quite separate, disparate sources Shows how to develop weather-based predictive modelling, which can be used to predict the weekly trend of vector abundance Provides a GIS case study for modelling the future potential distribution of vector-borne disease based on different climatic change scenarios Modelling Interactions Between Vector-Borne Diseases and Environment Using GIS combines spatial analysis techniques available in modern GIS, together with real-world applications to provide you with a better understanding of ways to map, model, prevent, and control vector-borne diseases.

"Google Earth Forensics" is the first book to explain how to use Google Earth in digital forensic investigations. This book teaches you how to leverage Google's free tool to craft compelling location-based evidence for use in investigations and in the courtroom. It shows how to extract location-based data that can be used to display evidence in compelling audiovisual manners that explain and inform the data in contextual, meaningful, and easy-to-understand ways.

As mobile computing devices become more and more prevalent and powerful, they are becoming more and more useful in the field of law enforcement investigations and forensics. Of all the widely used mobile applications, none have more potential for helping solve crimes than those with geo-location tools.

Written for investigators and forensic practitioners, "Google Earth Forensics" is written by an investigator and trainer with more than 13 years of experience in law enforcement who will show you how to use this valuable tool anywhere at the crime scene, in the lab, or in the courtroom.
Learn how to extract location-based evidence using the Google Earth program or app on computers and mobile devicesCovers the basics of GPS systems, the usage of Google Earth, and helps sort through data imported from external evidence sourcesIncludes tips on presenting evidence in compelling, easy-to-understand formats

In the twenty-first century, we take the means to measure time for granted, without contemplating the sophisticated concepts on which our time scales are based. This volume presents the evolution of concepts of time and methods of time keeping up to the present day. It outlines the progression of time based on sundials, water clocks, and the Earth's rotation, to time measurement using pendulum clocks, quartz crystal clocks, and atomic frequency standards. Time scales created as a result of these improvements in technology and the development of general and special relativity are explained. This second edition has been updated throughout to describe twentieth- and twenty-first-century advances and discusses the redefinition of SI units and the future of UTC. A new chapter on time and cosmology has been added. This broad-ranging reference benefits a diverse readership, including historians, scientists, engineers, educators, and it is accessible to general readers.

This book provides the users with quick and easy data acquisition, processing, storage and product generation services. It describes the entire life cycle of remote sensing data and builds an entire high performance remote sensing data processing system framework. It also develops a series of remote sensing data management and processing standards. Features: Covers remote sensing cloud computing Covers remote sensing data integration across distributed data centers Covers cloud storage based remote sensing data share service Covers high performance remote sensing data processing Covers distributed remote sensing products analysis

Authored by one of the world s hydrocarbon exploration experts, Geophysical Exploration Technology: Applications in Lithological and Stratigraphic Reservoirs presents the latest technological advancements and cutting edge techniques in reservoir theory, research and exploration.

Stratigraphic and lithological reservoirs play a critical role in increasing the production from oil reserves and new hydrocarbon sources. Recent resource evaluations indicate that onshore stratigraphic and subtle reservoirs account for as much as 40% of the total remaining hydrocarbon sources globally. As a result, these reservoirs will be the most practical, potential and prevalent fields for long-lasting onshore exploration.

Intended as an aid in developing an understanding of the techniques of reservoir exploration, this book presents the latest and most practical methods and technology in oil and gas exploration. It can be used as a training book for lithological stratigraphic exploration and a reference for scientific and technological personnel in the oil and gas industry.
Authored by one of the world s foremost experts in stratigraphic and lithological reservoir exploration who has more than 30 years of experience in research and instruction.

Features more than 200 figures, illustrations, and working examples to aid the reader in retaining key concepts

Presents the latest technological developments in reservoir exploration techniques

Integrates theory and application, arming readers with a rigorous yet practical approach to hydrocarbon exploration in stratigraphic and lithological reservoirs "

Our four volumes propose to present innovative thematic applications implemented using the open source software QGIS. These are applications that use remote sensing over continental surfaces. The four volumes detail applications of remote sensing over continental surfaces, with a first one discussing applications for agriculture. A second one presents applications for forest, a third presents applications for the continental hydrology, and finally the last volume details applications for environment and risk issues.

An authoritative guide to the essential techniques and most recent advances in urban remote sensing Techniques and Methods in Urban Remote Sensing offers a comprehensive guide to the recent theories, methods, techniques, and applications in urban remote sensing. Written by a noted expert on the subject, this book explores the requirements for mapping impervious surfaces and examines the issue of scale. The book covers a range of topics and includes illustrative examples of commonly used methods for estimating and mapping urban impervious surfaces, explains how to determine urban thermal landscape and surface energy balance, and offers information on impacts of urbanization on land surface temperature, water quality, and environmental health. Techniques and Methods in Urban Remote Sensing brings together in one volume the latest opportunities for combining ever-increasing computational power, more plentiful and capable data, and more advanced algorithms. This allows the technologies of remote sensing and GIS to become mature and to gain wider and better applications in environments, ecosystems, resources, geosciences, geography and urban studies. This important book: Contains a comprehensive resource to the latest developments in urban remote sensing Explains urban heat islands modeling and analysis Includes information on estimating urban surface energy fluxes Offers a guide to generating data on land surface temperature Written for professionals and students of environmental, ecological, civic and urban studies, Techniques and Methods in Urban Remote Sensing meets the demand for an updated resource that addresses the recent advances urban remote sensing.

Authored by a world-renowned aerial photography and remote sensing expert, "Geographic Aerial Photography: Identifying Earth-Surface Hazards Through Image Interpretation "is" "the most practical and authoritative reference available for any professional or student looking for a reference on how to recognize, analyze, interpret and avoid or successfully plan for dangerous contingencies.

Whether they are related to natural terrain, geology, vegetation, hydrology or land use patterns it s critical for you to be able to recognize dangerous conditions when and where they exist. Failure to adequately recognize and characterize geomorphic, geologic, and hydrologic dangers on the ground using aerial photography is one of the major factors contributing to due to natural hazards and disasters, damage to architectural structures, and often the subsequent loss of human life as a result. Aerial photographs provide one of the most prevalent, inexpensive and under-utilized tools to those with the knowledge and expertise to interpret them.

Authored by one of the world s experts in aerial photography and remote sensing, with more than 35 years of experience in research and instruction. Features more than 100 color photographs to vividly explore the fundamental principles of aerial photography. Chapter tables underscore key concepts including channel size and shape characteristics, image scales, reverse fault values, and strike-slip fault systems."

Represents the first encyclopedic work dedicated to remote sensing Serves as the best point of entry for anyone wishing to explore the world of remote sensing Offers clear, reliable descriptions and plenty of references to help readers continue their research Fulfills the need for a scholarly, yet accessible resource for scientists, engineers, educators, managers, policy makers and anyone interested in the impact and implications of remote sensing Remote sensing has revolutionized the scientific study of the Earth by enabling measurements of more detailed and hitherto unexplored phenomena with spatially-extensive and global perspectives. Various disciplines and industries have benefited from the dramatic discoveries enabled by remote sensing. This volume cuts across these disciplines and describes the basic foundations, principles and state of the art of remote sensing. It covers the development of remote sensing, the theoretical underpinnings, forward modeling, commercial applications, and global and international coordination and policy. This first encyclopaedic reference on remote sensing describes the concepts, techniques, instrumentation, data analysis, interpretation, and applications of remote sensing, both airborne and space-based. Scientists, engineers, academics, and students can quickly access answers to their reference questions and direction for further study.

The past 10 years have brought amazing changes to the technologies used to turn remotely sensed data into maps. As a result, the principles and practices necessary for assessing the accuracy of those maps have also evolved and matured. This third edition of Assessing the Accuracy of Remotely Sensed Data: Principles and Practices is thoroughly updated and includes five new chapters. Now 15 chapters long, this text is the only one of its kind to provide geospatial analysts with the requisite considerations, tools, and theory necessary to conduct successful and efficient map accuracy assessments; and map users with the knowledge to fully understand the assessment process to ensure effective use of maps. See What's New in the Third Edition: All original chapters have been updated to include new standards, practices, and methodologies. A new chapter on planning accuracy assessments. A new chapter on assessing maps created using object-based technologies. Two case study chapters - one showcasing the assessment of maps created from traditional methods, and one on the assessment of object-based maps. Emphasis on considering and planning for positional accuracy in concert with thematic accuracy. An appendix containing the internationally recognized ASPRS Positional Accuracy Standards. A new final chapter summarizing the key concepts, considerations and lessons learned by the authors in their decades of implementing and evaluating accuracy assessments. Assessing map accuracy is complex; however, the discussions in this book, together with the many figures, tables, and case studies, clearly present the necessary concepts and considerations for conducting an assessment that is both is practical, statistically reliable, and achievable.

In terms of statistics, GIS offers many connections. With GIS, data are gathered, displayed, summarized, examined, and interpreted to discover patterns. Spatial Mathematics: Theory and Practice through Mapping uses GIS as a platform to teach mathematical concepts and skills through visualization of numbers. It examines theory and practice from disparate academic disciplines such as geography, mathematics, physics, and general social science. This approach allows students to grapple with biodiversity, crime, natural hazards, climate, energy, water, and other relevant real-world issues of the twenty-first century. Includes QR Codes Linked to Animated Maps, a Mapping Activity Site, or to an Interactive Webpage, Creating an Interactive Resource That Stays Relevant The book integrates competing philosophical views of the world: synthesis and analysis. These two approaches yield different results and employ different tools. This book considers both approaches to looking at real-world issues that have mathematics as a critical, but often unseen, component. This approach shows readers how to use mathematics to consider the broad problem at hand and to explore diverse realms in the worlds of geography and mathematics and in their interface. A truly interdisciplinary text, the book bridges the worlds of mathematics and geography and demonstrates how they are inextricably linked. It takes advantage of the convergence in citizen science, STEM education, and mapping that help readers become critical consumers of data-understanding its content, quality, limitations, and benefits. It provides thorough grounding in the analytical, statistical, and computational skills required for working in any field that uses geospatial technologies-not just surveyors and remote sensing analysts.

Remotely sensed data, in the form of digital images captured from spaceborne and airborne platforms, provide a rich analytical and observational source of information about the current status, as well as changes occurring in, on, and around the Earth's surface. The data products, or simply images processed from these platforms, provide an additional advantage in that geographic areas or regions of interest can be revisited on a regular cycle. This revisit cycle allows geospatial analysts and natural resource managers to explore changing conditions over time. Image Processing and Data Analysis with ERDAS IMAGINE (R) explains the principles behind the processing of remotely sensed data in a simple, easy to understand, and "how-to" format. Organized as a step-by-step guide with exercises adapted from original research and using publicly available imagery, such as NASA Landsat, ESA Sentinel-2, Orthophotos, and others, this book gives readers the ability to quickly gain the practical experience needed to navigate the ERDAS IMAGINE (R) software as well as learn certain applications in Esri's ArcMap ArcGIS for Desktop software and Quantum the GIS (QGIS) open source applications package. It also helps readers to easily move beyond the information presented in this book and tackle more advanced skills. Written by two professors with long experience in remote sensing and image processing, this book is a useful guide and reference for both undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, instructors, managers, and agency professionals who are involved in the study of Earth systems and the environment.

"Advanced Remote Sensing" is an application-based reference that provides a single source of mathematical concepts necessary for remote sensing data gathering and assimilation. It presents state-of-the-art techniques for estimating land surface variables from a variety of data types, including optical sensors such as RADAR and LIDAR. Scientists in a number of different fields including geography, geology, atmospheric science, environmental science, planetary science and ecology will have access to critically-important data extraction techniques and their virtually unlimited applications. While rigorous enough for the most experienced of scientists, the techniques are well designed and integrated, making the book s content intuitive, clearly presented, and practical in its implementation.

* Comprehensive overview of various practical methods and algorithms * Detailed description of the principles and procedures of the state-of-the-art algorithms * Real-world case studies open several chapters * More than 500 full-color figures and tables * Edited by top remote sensing experts with contributions from authors across the geosciences"

This book explains the concept of spatial data quality, a key theory for minimizing the risks of data misuse in a specific decision-making context. Drawing together chapters written by authors who are specialists in their particular field, it provides both the data producer and the data user perspectives on how to evaluate the quality of vector or raster data which are both produced and used. It also covers the key concepts in this field, such as: how to describe the quality of vector or raster data; how to enhance this quality; how to evaluate and document it, using methods such as metadata; how to communicate it to users; and how to relate it with the decision-making process. Also included is a Foreword written by Professor Michael F. Goodchild.

"Urban Remote Sensing" is designed for upper level undergraduates, graduates, researchers and practitioners, and has a clear focus on the development of remote sensing technology for monitoring, synthesis and modeling in the urban environment. It covers four major areas: the use of high-resolution satellite imagery or alternative sources of image date (such as high-resolution SAR and LIDAR) for urban feature extraction; the development of improved image processing algorithms and techniques for deriving accurate and consistent information on urban attributes from remote sensor data; the development of analytical techniques and methods for deriving indicators of socioeconomic and environmental conditions that prevail within urban landscape; and the development of remote sensing and spatial analytical techniques for urban growth simulation and predictive modeling.

Generating a satisfactory classification image from remote sensing data is not a straightforward task. Many factors contribute to this difficulty including the characteristics of a study area, availability of suitable remote sensing data, ancillary and ground reference data, proper use of variables and classification algorithms, and the analyst's experience. An authoritative text, Advances in Environmental Remote Sensing: Sensors, Algorithms, and Applications compiles comprehensive review articles to examine the developments in concepts, methods, techniques, and applications as well as focused articles and case studies on the latest on a particular topic.

Divided into four sections, the first deals with various sensors, systems, or sensing operations using different regions of wavelengths. Drawing on the data and lessons learned from the U.S. Landsat remote sensing programs, it reviews key concepts, methods, and practical uses of particular sensors/sensing systems. Section II presents new developments in algorithms and techniques, specifically in image preprocessing, thematic information extraction, and digital change detection. It gives correction algorithms for hyperspectral, thermal, and multispectral sensors, discusses the combined method for performing topographic and atmospheric corrections, and provides examples of correcting non-standard atmospheric conditions, including haze, cirrus, and cloud shadow.

Section III focuses on remote sensing of vegetation and related features of the Earth's surface. It reviews advancements in the remote sensing of ecosystem structure, process, and function, and notes important trade-offs and compromises in characterizing ecosystems from space related to spatial, spectral, and temporal resolutions of the imaging sensors. It discusses the mismatch between leaf-level and species-level ecological variables and satellite spatial resolutions and the resulting difficulties in validating satellite-derived products.

Finally, Section IV examines developments in the remote sensing of air, water, and other terrestrial features, reviews MODIS algorithms for aerosol retrieval at both global and local scales, and demonstrates the retrieval of aerosol optical thickness (AOT). This section rounds out coverage with a look at remote sensing approaches to measure the urban environment and examines the most important concepts and recent research.

Over the years since its first appearance, "Datums and Map Projections" has become a key book for many students and professionals around the world. Its theme - a practical guide to coordinate reference systems - is as important now as when it was first published, probably more so when we consider the ever growing use of satellite navigation systems and the introduction of web mapping services such as Google Earth.While retaining the benefits of the first edition - clear presentation assuming no prior knowledge, a problem-solving approach, practical examples and the combination of GPS-derived data with data from other sources - the rewritten and expanded second edition offers very much more: a different structure to give a better grouping of common themes; greater scope to cover all possible different types of coordinate reference system that are used in mapping and related areas; more examples and case studies from around the world; adoption of the terminology of the ISO 19111 standard (Spatial referencing by coordinates); and use of colour illustrations.This remains a vital text for students and practitioners in all areas of geomatics - surveying, remote sensing, GIS, GPS - and much more. Its accessible nature also makes it suitable for anyone with an interest in the subject and its applications.

Recent advances in lasers and measuring devices, as well as new capabilities in automated data acquisition, have made possible the design and practical implementation of self-sufficient lidar systems.