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Books > Social sciences > Sociology, social studies > Social issues > Social impact of disasters
From Pandemic to Insurrection: Voting in the 2020 US Presidential
Election describes voting in the 2020 election, from the
presidential nomination to new voting laws post-election. Election
officials and voters navigated the challenging pandemic to hold the
highest turnout election since 1900. President Donald Trump's
refusal to acknowledge the pandemic's severity coupled with
frequent vote fraud accusations affected how states provided safe
voting, how voters cast ballots, how lawyers fought legal battles,
and ultimately led to an unsuccessful insurrection.
Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the mortality crisis which affected
Eastern Europe and the republics of the former USSR at the time of
the transition to a market economy was arguably the major peacetime
health crisis of recent decades. Chernobyl and the Mortality Crisis
in Eastern Europe and the Old USSR discusses the importance of that
crisis, surprisingly underplayed in the scientific literature, and
presents evidence suggesting a potential role of the Chernobyl
disaster among the causes contributing to it.
This is the first in-depth study of Sharpeville, the South African township that was the site of the infamous police massacre of March 21, 1960, the event that prompted the United Nations to declare apartheid a "crime against humanity."
Voices of Sharpeville brings to life the destruction of Sharpeville’s predecessor, Top Location, and the careful planning of its isolated and carceral design by apartheid architects. A unique set of eyewitness testimonies from Sharpeville’s inhabitants reveals how they coped with apartheid and why they rose up to protest this system, narrating this massacre for the first time in the words of the participants themselves. Previously understood only through the iconic photos of fleeing protestors and dead bodies, the timeline is reconstructed using an extensive archive of new documentary and oral sources including unused police records, personal interviews with survivors and their families, and maps and family photos. By identifying nearly all the victims, many omitted from earlier accounts, the authors upend the official narrative of the massacre.
Amid worldwide struggles against racial discrimination and efforts to give voices to protestors and victims of state violence, this book provides a deeper understanding of this pivotal event for a newly engaged international audience.
An authoritative study of food politics in the socialist regimes of
China and the Soviet Union During the twentieth century, 80 percent
of all famine victims worldwide died in China and the Soviet Union.
In this rigorous and thoughtful study, Felix Wemheuer analyzes the
historical and political roots of these socialist-era famines, in
which overambitious industrial programs endorsed by Stalin and Mao
Zedong created greater disasters than those suffered under
prerevolutionary regimes. Focusing on famine as a political tool,
Wemheuer systematically exposes how conflicts about food among
peasants, urban populations, and the socialist state resulted in
the starvation death of millions. A major contribution to Chinese
and Soviet history, this provocative analysis examines the
long-term effects of the great famines on the relationship between
the state and its citizens and argues that the lessons governments
learned from the catastrophes enabled them to overcome famine in
their later decades of rule.
Sociology has developed theories of social change in the fields of
evolution, conflict and modernization, viewing modern society as
essentially unstable and conflict driven. However, it has not
seriously studied catastrophe. A Theory of Catastrophe develops a
sociology of catastrophes, comparing natural, social and political
causes and consequences, and the social theories that might offer
explanations. A catastrophe is a general and systematic breakdown
of social and political institutions resulting, among other things,
in what we could call a catastrophe consciousness. The Greek
‘cata-strophe’ formed the conclusion to a dramatic sequence of
strophes. The cata-strophe was the final act of a drama, namely its
denouement. Catastrophic denouements are without hope: genocides,
military occupations, plagues, famines and earthquakes. A Theory of
Catastrophe analyzes Pompeii, the Black Death, colonial genocide in
North America, WWI and the Spanish Flu, and Nazi Germany and
finally this century: terrorism, new wars, climate change and
pandemics. As a study of sociological theory, Bryan Turner
discusses Spengler’s Decline of the West, Marxism as a theory of
catastrophic capitalism, messianic movements, Weber on modernity,
and risk society. He concludes by comparing optimism and pessimism,
and the idea of inter-generational justice.
This book gathers and disseminates opinions, viewpoints, studies,
forecasts, and practical projects which illustrate the various
pathways sustainability research and practice may follow in the
future, as the world recovers from the COVID-19 pandemic and
prepares itself to the possibilities of having to cope with similar
crisis, a product of the Inter-University Sustainable Development
Research Programme (IUSDRP)
https://www.haw-hamburg.de/en/ftz-nk/programmes/iusdrp.html and the
European School of Sustainability Science and Research (ESSSR)
https://esssr.eu/. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to severe human
suffering, and to substantial damages to economies around the
globe, affecting both rich countries and developing ones. The
aftermath of the epidemic is also expected to be felt for sometime.
This will also include a wide range of impacts in the ways
sustainable development is perceived, and how the principles of
sustainability are practised. There is now a pressing need to
generate new literature on the connections between COVID-19 and
sustainability. This is so for two main reasons. Firstly, the world
crisis triggered by COVID-19 has severely damaged the world
economy, worsening poverty, causing hardships, and endangering
livelihoods. Together, these impacts may negatively influence the
implementation of sustainable development as a whole, and of the UN
Sustainable Development Goals in particular. These potential and
expected impacts need to be better understood and quantified, hence
providing a support basis for future recovery efforts. Secondly,
the shutdown caused by COVID-19 has also been having a severe
impact on teaching and research, especially -but not only - on
matters related to sustainability. This may also open new
opportunities (e.g. less travel, more Internet-based learning),
which should be explored further, especially in the case of future
pandemics, a scenario which cannot be excluded. The book meets
these perceived needs.
The challenge of life and literary narrative is the central and
perennial mystery of how people encounter, manage, and inhabit a
self and a world of their own - and others' - creations. With a nod
to the eminent scholar and psychologist Jerome Bruner, Life and
Narrative: The Risks and Responsibilities of Storying Experience
explores the circulation of meaning between experience and the
recounting of that experience to others. A variety of arguments
center around the kind of relationship life and narrative share
with one another. In this volume, rather than choosing to argue
that this relationship is either continuous or discontinuous,
editors Brian Schiff, A. Elizabeth McKim, and Sylvie Patron and
their contributing authors reject the simple binary and masterfully
incorporate a more nuanced approach that has more descriptive
appeal and theoretical traction for readers. Exploring such diverse
and fascinating topics as 'Narrative and the Law,' 'Narrative
Fiction, the Short Story, and Life,' 'The Body as Biography,' and
'The Politics of Memory,' Life and Narrative features important
research and perspectives from both up-and-coming researchers and
prominent scholars in the field - many of which who are widely
acknowledged for moving the needle forward on the study of
narrative in their respective disciplines and beyond.
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