For sufferers of multiple chemical sensitivities (MCS), the lack of information on toxicity, coupled with skepticism, misdiagnosis, and very limited research in the medical community, has made treatment difficult. In the early 1980s, doctors began to experiment with thorough sweating as a way of purging the body of harmful chemicals. The use of a sauna was found surprisingly effective for treatment of a variety of illnesses. Information on sauna detoxification therapy is therefore presented here in full so that MCS sufferers can make informed choices. The causes and symptoms of MCS are discussed, along with current medical information. Real life experiences of those who have chosen sauna treatment are provided with a look at such options as health clubs, detox centers and home sauna units. The special value of this book is its detailed specifications and drawings for a home sauna made entirely of nontoxic building materials. Appendices include a directory of manufacturers and distributors, product information, helpful organizations, publications and other information.

Anthropologist Michael Taussig portrays the postmodern state in terms of spirit possession. This unusual book of ficto-criticism begins with a conversation with the spirit queen as to the nourishment of the state by the dead--notably the spirits of those whose blood was spilled during the European conquest and the anti-colonial Wars of Independence.
Taussig describes how through theaters of ecstasy, composed of fragments of the great story that the State, for the perpetuation of its spiritual authority, needs to tell about itself, these spirits are provided a reservoir of magical powers. Developing concepts of the sacred from Bataille, the post-Surreal College of Sociology, Canetti, Marx, Hobbes, and Walter Benjamin, Taussig creates his own whirlwind theater of spirit-possession, utilizing popular shrines, official monuments and slogans, money, the police, the freeway system, automobiles, taxis, the stealing of the sword of the state and, last but not least, through fetishization of Europe's (dead) Others--Native Americans and people of African descent.

This work aims to bring together a wide-ranging set of clinical linguistic case studies covering all levels of linguistic analysis and demonstrating the application of more than one level of linguistic analysis to individual cases. It focuses on "patient-driven" cases.

The authors aim to demonstrate the collaborative nature of applied linguistics by illustrating the kind of service that speech and language therapists may reasonably ask of linguists, without feeling that they need have expertize in this area themselves.

The case studies include a representative range of communication disorders and involve a wide range of areas of linguistics and phonetics. Most of the studies incoporate complementary analysis at several linguistic levels, and involve a wide variety of analytical techniques including standard assessments and profiling procedures, instrumental and computational procedures, and improvised materials tailored to the specific nature of individual cases.

Illicit drugs, despite the "war" waged by the United States government, remain a tremendous drain on the American economy and continue to take their toll on the lives of countless Americans. A comprehensive text with an instructor's manual, Drug Abuse and Social Policy in America analyzes why current US policy on the use of licit and illicit mood-altering drugs has failed. This groundbreaking book addresses differences between decriminalization, legalization, and "zero tolerance"--areas and philosophies that are poorly understood--and suggests a multipronged approach to diminish inappropriate drug use. Physicians, health care providers, teachers, law enforcement officers, policymakers, social service providers, and students of public policy and health will gain a better understanding of substance abuse as a societal problem, rather than an individual problem, and see that the billions of dollars spent on law enforcement would be better spent on education, prevention, treatment, and providing alternatives to drug use.Currently the leading risk factor associated with the transmission of HIV, illicit drugs continue to destroy the fabric of life in many inner-city communities. Yet, drugs are a problem for Americans from every corner of society, from suburban teenagers to pro athletes to homeless people. Author Barry Stimmel demonstrates in Drug Abuse and Social Policy in America that the drug problem is not being addressed adequately because of a lack of commitment from the majority of Americans and government leaders. The issues Drug Abuse and Social Policy in America asks readers to confront include: Why do we provide insufficient treatment facilities and incarcerate users, yet wonder why more prison space is needed? Why do we readily agree to build more prisons rather than community centers that provide alternatives for youths? Why are we concerned with teenage smoking and drinking, yet allow advertising of these substances? Why do we advocate rehabilitation, but not hire people in recovery? Why do we ask pregnant women with drug problems to seek help, then try to take custody of their children rather than provide social support while they receive treatment?Drug Abuse and Social Policy in America challenges academics, practitioners, and future social service providers and policymakers to rethink their entire conception of the problem of substance abuse in America with a cutting question: "Have we made any substantial progress in diminishing the sue of nicotine, the excessive consumption of alcohol, or the inappropriate use of prescription drugs, all of which are responsible for more illnesses and societal costs than all illicit drugs combined?" Identifying this as the place where all efforts to curb drug use must start, Drug Abuse and Social Policy in America offers readers many ways that individuals, communities, organizations, and society can take action and be more effective in convincing both those who consume drugs and those who profit from their sale that their actions are inappropriate and unacceptable.

This volume provides researchers and clinicians with an insight into recent developments in activity anorexia. Much of the basic information on the topic has come from animal literature; the theory of activity anorexia is built on an animal model of self-starvation (rats placed on a single daily feeding run more and more, over days stop eating, and die of starvation). Additionally, experiments that for ethical or practical reasons could not be done with humans may be conducted with other animals. The animal research is extending the understanding of biologically-based reward mechanisms that regulate eating and exercise, environment-behavior interactions that affect anorexia, and the biochemical changes that accompany physical activity and starvation.
Increasingly, however, the impact of physical activity on human anorexia is being directly investigated--eight out of fourteen research chapters in this volume are based on human research. Some researchers are interested in the impact of hyperactivity and caloric restriction on human reproductive function. Other authors are investigating physically active subgroups of people considered to be at risk for anorexia. Finally, several clinician/researchers suggest how physical activity and extreme dieting interact for anorexia nervosa patients.
Chapter authors were asked to present their views independent of the editors' argument that, when it is present, physical activity is central to anorexia. Many of the contributors disagree with the editors about the details of activity anorexia. A few suggest that excessive physical activity is either incidental to, or an epiphenomenon of, anorexia. Most authors are, however, in accord with the view that physical activity reduces food consumption which further drives up activity that results in even less caloric intake. No matter what their perspective, all contributors agree that hyperactivity frequently accompanies self-starvation in humans and other animals. The end result is a lively book that provides a source of ideas for both researchers and practitioners.

Gene Therapy describes the delivery systems now available to target a given tissue with specific gene or oligonucleotide sequences, and explores the utility of animal modules as test systems. In the context of selected disease states, it summarises in vitro and in vivo studies and clinical trials performed to date.

The correlation between schizophrenia and substance abuse in psychology is recognized as a growing issue, yet it is one that many practitioners are often ill-prepared to address. Behavioral Treatment for Substance Abuse in People with Serious and Persistent Mental Illness addresses the specific challenges faced by the clinician treating individuals with co-occurring schizophrenia and substance abuse disorders. Designed as a treatment manual for mental health professionals, the book incorporates various treatment components, from motivational interviewing and social skills training to education, problem solving, and relapse prevention. The book presents clearly established guidelines for these treatment modes and utilizes both case examples and fictional situations to present a practical, hands-on approach. Readers will profit directly from the lessons in the book, which offers the clinician an invaluable model from which to base a treatment plan.

The fascinating and exciting evidence in this book has tremendous appeal. For students of Music Therapy, and others training in medical and paramedical disciplines, it can be considered an essential text for study, and required reading to gain an overview of the field.
This book provides a landmark in the literature of Music Therapy. For the scientist, chapters on the biological and medical effects of music give a wealth of research evidence on the value of music in therapy and music in medicine. For readers from paramedical, educational and other clinical fields, there are eighteen chapters detailing music therapy techniques and approaches in psychiatry, pediatrics, learning difficulties, elderly and sensory handicap. Diagnosis and assessment are covered in considerable detail and the general effect of music is reviewed in many of the contributions.
For all qualified music therapists and students.

Although eating problems--ranging from body dissatisfaction and dieting to anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa--can begin and typically have their roots in childhood, theory and research in developmental psychopathology and developmental psychology have not received substantial attention in eating disorders research. This book provides crucial background material from both fields, and then makes direct applications to numerous aspects of the field of eating disorders including theory, research, treatment, and primary prevention.
This book was born out of a transaction between frustration and optimism. The frustrations reflected the limitations of current knowledge about eating problems and disorders. Etiological "causes" which are sensitive and specific to eating disorders have been elusive. Although there is some understanding of risk factors, little is known about protective factors. This has made prevention, among other things, difficult. Furthermore, the mechanisms underlying the association between risk factors and disordered eating are poorly understood. For example, it is known that women are at greater risk than men are, but clinicians are hard- pressed to get beyond gender-based speculations and demonstrate why this is true.
The optimism grows from familiarity with the field of developmental psychopathology. It seems evident that this approach has much to offer the field of eating disorders. This book is an early step in the integration of developmental psychopathology into theorizing, research, treatment, and prevention of eating disorders. It addresses four specific goals:
* to introduce the principles and methodologies of developmental psychopathology,
* to review the work of developmental psychologists in several major areas of behavior relevant to understanding the causes, treatment, and prevention of eating disorders,
* to apply developmental psychopathology principles to the area of eating disorders, both in the form of theoretical models and in specific areas/issues raised by developmental psychopathology, and
* to discuss the implications of developmental approaches for prevention programs and treatments.

Alcohol abuse is a major health problem in most parts of the world. This book focuses on the way in which alcohol affects the brain, with the aim of describing advances in the neuropsychology of alcoholism in a way that makes this work accessible to clinicians from a variety of backgrounds who treat people with alcohol-related problems.; The book is divided into four parts. Part One provides an introduction to the medical and neurological conditions that can result from alcoholism, and to the process of neuropsychological assessment. The problems involved in conducting research in this area are also considered. In Part Two, research that focuses directly on changes to the nervous system is surveyed. This includes studies of both the short-term and the chronic neurological changes in the brain caused by alcohol. In Part Three, studies of the neuropsychological effects of acute intoxication, social drinking and alcohol abuse are described. Finally, in Part Four, the implications of neuropsychological research for the assessment and management of patients with alcohol problems are considered.; The objective of this book is to collate the range of research work that is relevant to understanding how alcohol affects the brain. This includes both the acute and the chronic effects, at both the biological and physiological levels.

Substance misuse is one of the more common, yet baffling, problems confronting the practising mental health professional today. The issues involved in the misuse of substances can be so complex that some practitioners are inclined to avoid working with clients who have been diagnosed with a drug abuse problem.; This new guidebook is designed to assist clinicians with the task of conceptualizing, understanding and intervening with persons who abuse substances. It accomplishes this by offering practical suggestions, assessment procedures, and change strategies directed at the thoughts, feelings and behaviours believed to support a drug lifestyle. Although the approach described in this book utilizes a number of cognitive-behavioural techniques, the approach is unique in the sense that it also deals with the fear of change that frequently interferes with a client's ability to benefit from therapy. It also considers change strategies used by people who have escaped from a drug lifestyle without any type of treatment or formal intervention.; Momentarily arresting the lifestyle is the first step of intervention. This is followed by skill development in which the conditions, choices and cognitions associated with a drug lifestyle are targeted for intervention and change. In the final phase of this approach, the client is engaged in the resocialization process whereby he or she is encouraged to develop ways of thinking and behaving that are incompatible with continued misuse of psychoactive substances. The end result is a concise, yet comprehensive, examination of ways clinicans might facilitate change in persons previously committed to a drug lifestyle.

The new third edition of the bestselling Speech-Language Pathology Assistants: A Resource Manual is an essential, practical, and easy-to-use resource for SLPAs and SLPA educators and their students. The text defines the roles of SLPAs and their supervisors - offering additional insight into the scope of practice of an SLPA per current American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) recommendations - and includes discussions, strategies, and examples of real-world issues, such as using augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) and working with individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Also included within the chapters are important factors and modifications that can enhance the effectiveness of treatment activities. For example, using behavioral principles and incorporating play, literacy, and speech sound remediation into treatment or modifying the clinical interface to enhance group therapy dynamics for children and adults. Initial chapters are devoted to specific aspects of an SLPA's development, such as chapters on ways SLPAs can enhance clinical service through understanding of goals, lesson plans, data collection, and note-writing. Likewise, chapters on professional practice offer insight into ethical problem-solving, presenting a professional image, developing mentoring relationships, working with culturally and linguistically diverse populations, and the use of self-reflection for self-improvement. These chapters are followed by key principles for SLPAs to incorporate in clinical services provided to specific populations and disorders.

This book explores the ways in which anorexic women use their eating to control their bodies. It argues that the female body in modern Western culture is understood as open and accessible and female appetite as dangerous and voracious. Anorexia attempts to resist both these constructions in the creation of a closed, desireless body. Since anorexic women resist the power of collective ideologies their resistance cannot work - the closed body becomes its own prison.

An invaluable resource for teachers, teaching assistants and therapists. This practical book offers a wealth of ideas and strategies to support children with dyspraxia, which is difficulty in controlling voluntary movements of the vocal chords, resulting in an inability to control sequences of sounds or gestures. With over twenty years experience, Lois Addy emphasises the importance of understanding dyspraxia in order to provide effective support for children with co-ordination and perceptual difficulties. The book includes: what to look out for to recognise children with dyspraxia; useful checklists for identification; details on the needs and difficulties faced by children with dyspraxia; ideas for support across the curriculum, in particular the areas of; handwriting, numeracy, PE, reading, social skills and communication frequently asked questions about dyspraxia - and the answers! Lois Addy is a paediatric occupational therapist and has over twenty years experience of working with children with dyspraxia. She currently works at York St John College, University of Leeds as a senior lecturer in professional health studies.

This revised and updated second edition is a rhetorical analysis of written communication in the mental health community. As such, it contributes to the growing body of research being done in rhetoric and composition studies on the nature of writing and reading in highly specialized professional discourse communities. Many compelling questions answered in this volume include:
* What "ideological biases" are reflected in the language the nurse/rhetorician uses to talk to and talk about the patient?
* How does language figure into the process of constructing meaning in this context?
* What social interactions -- with the patient, with other nurses, with physicians -- influence the nurse's attempt to construct meaning in this context?
* How do the readers of assessment construct their own meanings of the assessment?
Based on an ongoing collaboration between composition studies specialists and mental health practitioners, this book presents research of value not only to writing scholars and teachers, but also to professional clinicians, their teachers, and those who read mental health records in order to make critically important decisions. It can also be valuable as a model for other scholars to follow when conducting similar long-range studies of other writing-intensive professions.

Most of the people receiving physiotherapy are middle-aged or older, thus it is important for all physiotherapists to acquire the knowledge and skills particular to working with older people. The role of the physiotherapist is not restricted to reducing disability, but also encompasses the promotion of positive health, and Barrie Pickles and colleagues have taken the innovative approach of combining both of these aspects in this research-based, comprehensive textbook. Written by an international team of experts, the text is divided into the following sections: Background to Aging The Aging Process Working with Older People Management of Impairments and Disabilities Handicaps of Aging Integrated Case Management Future Directions Within these broad areas, the authors provide a thorough and readable introduction to the many complex and challenging issues that form part of or influence health care and health education for the older adult, including: Posture and gait Communication Motor learning Health promotion programs Specific clinical problems, such as pain, stroke and incontinence The book is written from a global perspective, the link between theory and practice is made both within each individual chapter and by means of helpful case studies. Students will find this attractively presented text a stimulating introduction to the theoretical background and principles of physiotherapy, practice older people.Multiauthored by an international team of experts Includes normal psychological and physiological changes with ageDiscusses strategies for accurate assessment, and reasoned delivery of care Covers working with healthy, ill and disabled people in a variety of settings

A book which challenges all occupational therapists to evaluate their own practice and to carry out research. The author is already well known to occupational therapists as the author of Occupational Therapy: Foundations for Practice. In this new book she provides a review of the profession as well as an update of current ideas concerning the core of occupational therapy. The book is divided into two parts: Part1 -Perspectives, reviews the core philosophy, purposes and methods of the practice of occupational therapy. Part 2 -Processes, examines seven basic processes used by therapists. The book will be invaluable to occupational therapists at all levels. In presenting her individual perspective on occupational therapy theory and practice Rosemary Hagedorn has written a book which will help all health care workers to improve their understanding of the scope of occupational therapy. This book not only identifies and defines the core skills central to O.T. practice, but shows how the skills are related to the therapeutic approaches most commonly used. These skills are presented within a structured framework (or model) which will be of great relevance to current thinking in O.T., as the profession is presently endeavouring to define its professional role. and key topics discussed are: nature of occupation and occupational therapy core concepts -- how occupational therapy is unique occupational therapist's view of occupation, the environment, person and therapist recent developments within occupational therapy in the UK relationship of theory to practice description of seven occupational processes terminology -- definitions of terms are clarified and discussed reflective exercises encourage examination of personal ideas and practice Important new presentations from the author include: models of the occupational nature of a person and process-driven pattern of practice hierarchy of occupations and associated structure for occupational analysis

Contents:
Introduction and Overview: Smoking's Relationship to Individual Differences, Psychopathology And Emotions; Smoking Motivation: Models, Issues, Affect and Emotion, Personality, Temperament and Psychopathology; Evidence of Affect Modulation, Performance Enhancement and Reinforcement; Mechanisms Underlying Nicotine's Reinforcing And Affect-Modulating Effects; Personality, Psychopathology, Tobacco Use and Individual Differences in Effects Of Nicotine; Gender Differences In Tobacco Use And Effects; SituationxTrait Adaptive Response STAR Model of Smoking; Implications of the SituationxTrait Adaptive Response STAR Model for Smoking Intervention.

This work offers detailed coverage of the biochemical and metabolic framework that forms the basis for the current theory of nutrition support. It presents analyses of the practical aspects of providing nutrition to hospitalized patients, and examines nutrition support in critical care and sepsis, cancer, gastrointestinal disease, cardiac and pulmonary disease, burns, renal failure, newborns and children, pregnancy, AIDS, neurological impairment and perioperative patients.

This text argues that all primary alcoholics and many alcohol abusers need intensive individual psychotherapy. A structured psychodynamic therapy approach is described, which the author claims can successfully treat 80per cent of primary alcoholics in only 18 months.

Shunning the disease model of alcoholism, this book delineates how narcissistic injury in early life acts as the basic psychogenic, etiological, component of addictive drinking. It provides an innovative analysis of the interrelationships between the alcoholic's overt behavioral disorders and his or her psychological make_up. Early chapters explore the role of narcissistic injury in great depth. Successive discussions examine the pathologies of character, personality, behavior, cognition and interpersonal relationships that manifest themselves in and as alcoholism. The part that early-life narcissistic injury plays in the development of anxiety, oral rage, avoidance defenses, depression, sadomasochism, paranoia, guilt, and obsessive-compulsive behaviors is detailed. A veteran of extensive work with alcoholics, the author delineates treatment strategies to modify and resolve the alcoholic's symptoms_the drinking disorder as well as the other psychological manifestations of dysfunction. Among the strategies explored in this regard are analytic, family, conjoint, behavioral, confrontation, supportive and self-help modalities. The trenchant case studies found throughout the text amplify the author's points about the global and specific psychopathology of alcoholism as well as the interventive alternatives. Alcoholism, Narcissism, and Psychopathology will prove stimulating and resourceful to psychologists, social workers, psychiatrists, counselors and therapists who are involved in the treatment and rehabilitation of alcoholics and other substance abusers.

In recent years the growing incidence of the use and misuse of alcohol by children and adolescents has been causing increasing concern within society. This work is one of the few studies to examine the orientations towards alcohol of young children. Through a series of ingenious game-like activities, Fossey provides valuable insight into ways in which children learn about drinking. Some of the results are surprising and others are deeply disturbing, but they all emphasize the fact that most young people in drinking cultures begin to form their impressions about alcohol at a very tender age. This study suggests that there is a need for development of innovative and user-friendly alcohol education materials for use in primary as well as in secondary schools and colleges. "Growing up with Alcohol" should be useful reading for a range of people, including social science students, parents, teachers, researchers and practitioners in alcohol and health education.

Adolescent Addiction, Second Edition, offers researchers and clinicians a single-volume resource on the nature, extent and treatment of addictive problems in adolescents. The book is divided into three main parts. Part one addresses the foundations of addictive problems, including developmental, social, and neurobiologicl factors. Part two addresses common addictions among adolescents. New chapters include e-cigarette, smartphone, social networking, and exercise addiction. Part three discusses challenges and recommendations for future research in adolescent addiction. All chapters in part two follow a similar format to introduction and clinical characteristics, screening and clinical assessment methods, epidemiology, cormorbidity, course and outcome, protective and risk factors, evidence-based clinical strategies for prevention and treatment, and a concise summary of key clinical points.

First published in 1987. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor and Francis, an informa company.