Foundations of Expressive Arts Therapy provides an arts-based approach to the theory and practice of expressive arts therapy. The book explores the various expressive arts therapy modalities both individually and in relationship to each other. The contributors emphasize the importance of the imagination and of aesthetic experience, arguing that these are central to psychological well-being, and challenging accepted views which place primary emphasis on the cognitive and emotional dimensions of mental health and development. Part One explores the theory which informs the practice of expressive arts therapy. Part Two relates this theory to the therapeutic application of the expressive arts (including music, art, movement, drama, poetry and voicework) in different contexts, ranging from play therapy with children to trauma work with Bosnian refugees and second-generation Holocaust survivors. Comprehensive in its coverage of the most fundamental aspects of expressive arts therapy, this book is a significant contribution to the field and a useful reference for all practitioners.

Although eating problems--ranging from body dissatisfaction and dieting to anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa--can begin and typically have their roots in childhood, theory and research in developmental psychopathology and developmental psychology have not received substantial attention in eating disorders research. This book provides crucial background material from both fields, and then makes direct applications to numerous aspects of the field of eating disorders including theory, research, treatment, and primary prevention.
This book was born out of a transaction between frustration and optimism. The frustrations reflected the limitations of current knowledge about eating problems and disorders. Etiological "causes" which are sensitive and specific to eating disorders have been elusive. Although there is some understanding of risk factors, little is known about protective factors. This has made prevention, among other things, difficult. Furthermore, the mechanisms underlying the association between risk factors and disordered eating are poorly understood. For example, it is known that women are at greater risk than men are, but clinicians are hard- pressed to get beyond gender-based speculations and demonstrate why this is true.
The optimism grows from familiarity with the field of developmental psychopathology. It seems evident that this approach has much to offer the field of eating disorders. This book is an early step in the integration of developmental psychopathology into theorizing, research, treatment, and prevention of eating disorders. It addresses four specific goals:
* to introduce the principles and methodologies of developmental psychopathology,
* to review the work of developmental psychologists in several major areas of behavior relevant to understanding the causes, treatment, and prevention of eating disorders,
* to apply developmental psychopathology principles to the area of eating disorders, both in the form of theoretical models and in specific areas/issues raised by developmental psychopathology, and
* to discuss the implications of developmental approaches for prevention programs and treatments.

Embracing the transformation of radiation sciences by the recent surge of developments in molecular biology, this progressive text offers an up-to-date analysis of in vitro and in vivo molecular responses in the body induced by ionizing radiation. With a unique emphasis on medical physics applications, Biomolecular Action of Ionizing Radiation also presents a much needed, in-depth perspective on clinical applications for the treatment of cancer and radiation injuries. Based on a popular course given by the author at McGill University,the bookplaces the traditional tenets of radiation biology in the context of contemporary cell and molecular biology. Using terms that non-experts in molecular biology can understand, it clarifies the underlying mechanisms of radiation effects on molecular interactions including signal transduction pathways, modes of cell killing, and non-targeted effects. The author subsequently associates key principles and advances with potential applications, including the use of ionizing radiation as a cytotoxic and cytostatic agent, and radiosensitization by targeting molecular intermediates or signaling molecules involved in radiation-induced processes. Raising the standard for radiation biology texts that are currently available, Biomolecular Action of Ionizing Radiation is an outstanding resource for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in medical physics, radiation oncology, radiation biology, and those who have an interest in the radiation sciences and in cancer treatment.

Often, people use nicotine, caffeine, and some level of alcohol in varying combinations at different times of the day in order to optimize their functioning and feelings of well-being, whether at work, in leisure time, or in a social context. However, until now, studies on the effects of this everyday practice have been diverse, widespread, and insufficiently summarized. Recently developed methods to study the effects in more detail have received little attention, especially among a nonscientific readership.
Nicotine, Caffeine and Social Drinking focuses readers' attention on the effects of normal, socially accepted psychoactive substances on cognitive performance and on the brain. Divided into three sections, this book studies each substance individually before examining the effects of their combined usage.

When does a harmless habit become an addition? Why do only some of us get addicted? What can make recovery possible? The Psychology of Addiction is a fascinating introduction to the psychological issues surrounding addiction and the impact they have on social policy, recovery and an addict's everyday life. The book focuses on drug and alcohol addiction and tackles topics such as whether drug use always leads to addiction and the importance of social networks to recovery. It also looks at how people can become addicted to activities like gambling, gaming and sex. In a society that still stigmatises addiction The Psychology of Addiction emphasises the importance of compassion, and provides a sensitive insight to anyone with experience of addiction.

The most revolutionary, humanistic guide to counteracting chemical dependency on the market, Chemical Dependency Treatment: Innovative Group Approaches presents group models of intervention with substance using and chemically dependent clients across the continuum of care. In it, you'll find strategies that will help you engineer your own effective group interventions at different stages of the treatment process. Taking into account the ravaging nature of addiction and the rampant spread of AIDS, this book gives you the sensitivity and skills necessary to seek out the earliest possible healing for your beloved family and friends. In Chemical Dependency Treatment, you'll build upon existing literature on the subject of group work within the chemical dependency field. In doing so, you'll glean your own individualized expertise from this excellent collection of essays and qualify yourself to orchestrate compassionate and holistic chemical dependency interventions. You'll get detailed information about: early community-based intervention for injected drug use (IDU) the transition from inpatient to outpatient status for chemically dependent clients psychoeducational help for chemically dependent gays and lesbians strategies for hospital-based early recovery groups for HIV-infected inner-city clients treatment during the early phases of outpatient therapy outpatient group psychotherapy with cluster-B personality disordered men multiple oppression in group psychotherapyIf you know someone who is chemically dependent, or if you're interested in becoming more informed about what your family or community can do to quell the epidemic of chemical dependency, Chemical Dependency Treatment will put you on the sure pathway to a more caring, more immediate group intervention.

At the last Annual Representative Meeting of the British Medical Association a motion was passed that certain additional cannabinoids should be legalized for wider medicinal use.'' This report supports this landmark statement by reviewing the scientific evidence for the therapeutic use of cannabinoids and sets the agenda for change. It will be welcomed by those who believe that cannabinoids can be used in medical treatment. The report discusses in a clear and readable form the use and adverse effects of the drug for nausea, multiple sclerosis, pain, epilepsy, glaucoma, and asthma.

This volume offers a realistic discussion of the complexity of the treatment of traumatic and dissociative experiences in eating disorders. The authors investigate critical issues concerning contraindications and the pitfalls of treatment while reflecting on the longterm outcomes of treatment.

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The correlation between schizophrenia and substance abuse in psychology is recognized as a growing issue, yet it is one that many practitioners are often ill-prepared to address. Behavioral Treatment for Substance Abuse in People with Serious and Persistent Mental Illness addresses the specific challenges faced by the clinician treating individuals with co-occurring schizophrenia and substance abuse disorders. Designed as a treatment manual for mental health professionals, the book incorporates various treatment components, from motivational interviewing and social skills training to education, problem solving, and relapse prevention. The book presents clearly established guidelines for these treatment modes and utilizes both case examples and fictional situations to present a practical, hands-on approach. Readers will profit directly from the lessons in the book, which offers the clinician an invaluable model from which to base a treatment plan.

This volume combines in-depth reviews of models of spoken word production and cognitive neuropsychological disorders of spoken word production. The first section provides a detailed discussion of the development and structure of current models of language production using data form "normal" subjects. It is these models that form the basis of the study and therefore the text attempts to explain their processing mechanisms and assumptions clearly. The evidence used for the development of these models is described including experimental studies and observation of patterns in naturally occurring speech errors.; The second section focuses on studies of aphasic naming disorders and discusses these disorders in terms of the model described in the first section. The emphasis is on single case studies. These are reviewed in three chapters examining semantic errors and disorders, the range of symptoms attributed to disorders of lexical retriveal and deficits of phonological encoding. The text assumes that the reader has some familiarity with the linguistic and psychological terminology relevant to these areas and therefore is most suited to the graduate student or researcher/lecturer.

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A concise summary of vital information on drug targets and current therapy regimes for all of the major viral infections. The book brings together in a single volume aspects of antiviral therapy from diverse areas of research and practice, providing up-to-date coverage of recent developments. Starting from an overview of the history of antiviral chemotherapy, the book goes on to describe the development of drugs against HIV, herpesvirus, respiratory viruses, papillomaviruses and hepatitis virus infections. The drugs currently available are reviewed and possible therapies and drug targets for future prophylactic and therapeutic use are discussed.

Contents:
Introduction.The Therapeutic Relationship. Introducing Bit(e) by Bit(e). Theoretical Background About Behaviour Change. Facilitating Change. Essentials of Motivational Interviewing. Guidelines for Motivational Interviewing. The Goal of the Therapeutic Alliance. The First Meeting. Written Feedback. Sessions 1-3. Difficulties With Change. Core Values: Goal Setting. Moving into Action. Commitment to Change. Sessions 3-8: Action. Interpersonal Difficulties. Termination of Treatment. Relapse Prevention. Case Report 1. Case Report 2. Appendix: Workbook - Motivational Enhancement Therapy. Please note: The full text of Getting Better Bit(e) by Bit(e) is included in this Guide.

Neuronal Nicotinic Receptors: Pharmacology and Therapeutic Opportunities
Edited by Stephen P. Arneric and Jorge D. Brioni
Nicotine's efficacy in the treatment of pain and anxiolysis, and its usefulness as a memory enhancer, have been suspected for many years, but research into the molecular biology of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) traditionally has focused on smoking cessation. Now, thanks to recent technological advances in the molecular biology and electrophysiology of nAChRs, an abundance of evidence has emerged in support of nAChR ligands in the treatment of a range of CNS disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, neuropathic pain, attention deficit disorder, and depression.
Featuring contributions from an international team of experts in the field, this volume provides researchers and clinicians with a comprehensive review of nAChRs, their molecular biology, pharmacology, and clinical implications. Moving from the molecular to the clinical levels, the authors explore the latest developments in all areas of nAChR research, including:
* Molecular biology and biochemistry of nAChRs
* The physiological roles of nAChRs
* Pharmacokinetics of nicotine-like alkaloids
* Recent breakthroughs and emerging trends in nAChR medicinal chemistry
* Current and emerging therapeutic applications of novel nAChR ligands.

A timely, authoritative review of basic research into nAChRs and their role in the development of new therapeutic strategies in the treatment of a range of various CNS diseases, Neuronal Nicotinic Receptors: Pharmacology and Therapeutic Opportunities is required reading for neuroscientists, pharmacologists, medicinal chemists, biological psychiatrists, and psychopharmacologists.

By sharing the realities they never expected their families to face, mothers of addicted and alcoholic children support each other through experiences that can only be feared and imagined by others. But, developing from those shared struggles are lives of new-found understanding and personal growth-because together, we are stronger."We all need to take a closer look at the things we've avoided-the things lurking around in this place where love and addiction meet-so we're as strong as we can be."-Sandra Swenson, author of Tending DandelionsIn the shadows of our child's struggles with addiction, we find ourselves tending to a life for which we weren't prepared.These meditations continue the tradition of Hazelden's beloved meditation books by providing moments of recognition, confession, and healing for those who are realizing that recovery rarely follows a neat or comfortable path. Along the way, we plant beautiful roses only to be injured by their thorns, and we pull up unwanted dandelions that, at times, are our only source of wishes.By sharing the realities we never expected our families to face, mothers of addicted children support each other through experiences that can only be feared and imagined by others. From our shared struggles emerge opportunities for personal growth. Tending Dandelions is a vital source of wisdom, support, and strength that helps us begin our own journey of recovery.

This unique reference provides concise, single-source coverage of the clinical, research, and therapeutic aspects of dermatological problems associated with bacteria, fungi, and viruses.
Introduces many novel antifungal, antibacterial, and antiviral agents
Highlighting the molecular biology as well as risk - benefit ratios of new diagnostic and treatment modalities, Cutaneous Infection and Therapy
evaluates the role of antimicrobial soaps in personal hygiene and research on preoperative skin preparation and infection rates
discusses reasons for the reduced risk of infection using occlusive wound dressings
explains the epidemiology, presentation, pathophysiology, and treatment of athlete's foot and fungal diseases of the scalp
presents new oral antifungals for the treatment of onychomycosis
examines the advantages and disadvantages of preparations to treat superficial fungal infections
addresses oral candidiasis in HIV infection and the resistance to antifungal therapy in AIDS patients
reviews the patterns of candidiasis in children and current approaches to antifungal therapy
covers the epidemiology, implications, and management of herpes in pregnant women and newborns
and much more

For sufferers of multiple chemical sensitivities (MCS), the lack of information on toxicity, coupled with skepticism, misdiagnosis, and very limited research in the medical community, has made treatment difficult. In the early 1980s, doctors began to experiment with thorough sweating as a way of purging the body of harmful chemicals. The use of a sauna was found surprisingly effective for treatment of a variety of illnesses. Information on sauna detoxification therapy is therefore presented here in full so that MCS sufferers can make informed choices. The causes and symptoms of MCS are discussed, along with current medical information. Real life experiences of those who have chosen sauna treatment are provided with a look at such options as health clubs, detox centers and home sauna units. The special value of this book is its detailed specifications and drawings for a home sauna made entirely of nontoxic building materials. Appendices include a directory of manufacturers and distributors, product information, helpful organizations, publications and other information.

Anthropologist Michael Taussig portrays the postmodern state in terms of spirit possession. This unusual book of ficto-criticism begins with a conversation with the spirit queen as to the nourishment of the state by the dead--notably the spirits of those whose blood was spilled during the European conquest and the anti-colonial Wars of Independence.
Taussig describes how through theaters of ecstasy, composed of fragments of the great story that the State, for the perpetuation of its spiritual authority, needs to tell about itself, these spirits are provided a reservoir of magical powers. Developing concepts of the sacred from Bataille, the post-Surreal College of Sociology, Canetti, Marx, Hobbes, and Walter Benjamin, Taussig creates his own whirlwind theater of spirit-possession, utilizing popular shrines, official monuments and slogans, money, the police, the freeway system, automobiles, taxis, the stealing of the sword of the state and, last but not least, through fetishization of Europe's (dead) Others--Native Americans and people of African descent.

Illicit drugs, despite the "war" waged by the United States government, remain a tremendous drain on the American economy and continue to take their toll on the lives of countless Americans. A comprehensive text with an instructor's manual, Drug Abuse and Social Policy in America analyzes why current US policy on the use of licit and illicit mood-altering drugs has failed. This groundbreaking book addresses differences between decriminalization, legalization, and "zero tolerance"--areas and philosophies that are poorly understood--and suggests a multipronged approach to diminish inappropriate drug use. Physicians, health care providers, teachers, law enforcement officers, policymakers, social service providers, and students of public policy and health will gain a better understanding of substance abuse as a societal problem, rather than an individual problem, and see that the billions of dollars spent on law enforcement would be better spent on education, prevention, treatment, and providing alternatives to drug use.Currently the leading risk factor associated with the transmission of HIV, illicit drugs continue to destroy the fabric of life in many inner-city communities. Yet, drugs are a problem for Americans from every corner of society, from suburban teenagers to pro athletes to homeless people. Author Barry Stimmel demonstrates in Drug Abuse and Social Policy in America that the drug problem is not being addressed adequately because of a lack of commitment from the majority of Americans and government leaders. The issues Drug Abuse and Social Policy in America asks readers to confront include: Why do we provide insufficient treatment facilities and incarcerate users, yet wonder why more prison space is needed? Why do we readily agree to build more prisons rather than community centers that provide alternatives for youths? Why are we concerned with teenage smoking and drinking, yet allow advertising of these substances? Why do we advocate rehabilitation, but not hire people in recovery? Why do we ask pregnant women with drug problems to seek help, then try to take custody of their children rather than provide social support while they receive treatment?Drug Abuse and Social Policy in America challenges academics, practitioners, and future social service providers and policymakers to rethink their entire conception of the problem of substance abuse in America with a cutting question: "Have we made any substantial progress in diminishing the sue of nicotine, the excessive consumption of alcohol, or the inappropriate use of prescription drugs, all of which are responsible for more illnesses and societal costs than all illicit drugs combined?" Identifying this as the place where all efforts to curb drug use must start, Drug Abuse and Social Policy in America offers readers many ways that individuals, communities, organizations, and society can take action and be more effective in convincing both those who consume drugs and those who profit from their sale that their actions are inappropriate and unacceptable.

Written by an experienced academic author, lecturer and practitioner, this comprehensive textbook provides an introduction to alcohol and drug misuse. It presents: the context of alcohol and drug misuse, and the nature and theories of addiction, including a historical overview and policy initiatives in contemporary society an overview of the problems associated with psychoactive substances and their impact on groups such as culturally and linguistically diverse communities, young people, women, older people and the homeless an understanding of the generic role responses to substance misuse in a variety of different settings and contexts, including primary care, the community and hospitals a framework for assessment, care planning, harm reduction approaches, dealing with overdose, intoxication and withdrawals, and psychological and pharmacological interventions an accessible and skills-oriented approach to assist students and practitioners in dealing with alcohol and drug misuse. This new edition is fully updated and includes new material on: evidence-based pharmacological interventions; recent global strategies in alcohol and drug; dual diagnosis and women; shisha smoking; and current statistics on prevalence of alcohol and drug misuse Alcohol and Drug Misuse takes into account current policy and practice for substance use and misuse and includes a range of pedagogical features to enhance learning. It is essential reading for nursing, health and social work students taking substance misuse modules, as well as related CPD courses for health and social care professionals.

The grandmother granddaughter conversation examined in this book makes explicit what the detailed study of interaction reveals about two social problems--"bulimia" and "grandparent caregiving." For the first time, systematic attention is given to interactional activities through which family members display ordinary yet contradictory concerns about health and illness:
* a grandmother's (who is also a registered nurse) attempts to initiate, confront, and remedy her granddaughter's lack of responsibility in admitting bulimic "problems" and committing to professional medical assistance;
* a granddaughter's methods for avoiding ownership of the alleged bulimic problems by discounting the legitimacy of her grandmother's expressed concerns.
Through analysis of a single audio-recorded and transcribed conversation, Wayne Beach reveals the altogether pervasive and often troubled talk surrounding family medical predicaments. From a careful review of extant theories that seek to explain eating disorders and grandparent caregiving, it becomes clear that an overreliance on self-report data has promoted underspecified understandings of "social contexts" -- conceptualizations void of real time practices and interactional consequences mirroring how families manage their daily affairs and understandings regarding health and illness. In contrast, this volume draws attention to family members' embodied interactional activities. Here it is seen, for example, how methods for expressing concern and caring by "individuals" may nevertheless eventuate in interactional troubles and problems "between" family members. The analysis reveals that, while displays of basic concerns for others' health and well being are routine occurrences between family members in home environments -- and of course, across friendship and various support networks -- even the delicate and well-intended management of such occasions guarantees neither agreement on the nature of the alleged "problems" nor, consequently, a commitment to seek professional help as a means of remedying a medical condition. In such cases, the very existence of an illness is itself a matter of some contention to be interactionally worked out. And it is perhaps both predictable and symptomatic that those explicitly denying (or as with the granddaughter, indirectly failing to admit) that problematic health behaviors exist, also somehow let it be made known that far too much attention is being given to possibilities and consequences of illness in the first instance.
Implications of this investigation extend well beyond "bulimia" and "grandparent caregiving" to a vast array of casual and institutional involvements between family members, friends, and bureaucratic representatives such as those involved in long-term caregiving, dealing with cancer and Alzheimer's disease, or conducting psychiatric interviews and HIV/AIDS counseling sessions. Findings regarding the interactionally organized nature of talk about bulimia, as well as the problematic nature of caregiving, will be of value to researchers focusing on language and social interaction, health practitioners, and families alike.
This volume includes the full transcript of the conversation in the case study. A copy of the audio-recording is available for classroom adoption and/or personal purchase by contacting: Wayne A. Beach, School of Communication, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182-4516.

This volume provides researchers and clinicians with an insight into recent developments in activity anorexia. Much of the basic information on the topic has come from animal literature; the theory of activity anorexia is built on an animal model of self-starvation (rats placed on a single daily feeding run more and more, over days stop eating, and die of starvation). Additionally, experiments that for ethical or practical reasons could not be done with humans may be conducted with other animals. The animal research is extending the understanding of biologically-based reward mechanisms that regulate eating and exercise, environment-behavior interactions that affect anorexia, and the biochemical changes that accompany physical activity and starvation.
Increasingly, however, the impact of physical activity on human anorexia is being directly investigated--eight out of fourteen research chapters in this volume are based on human research. Some researchers are interested in the impact of hyperactivity and caloric restriction on human reproductive function. Other authors are investigating physically active subgroups of people considered to be at risk for anorexia. Finally, several clinician/researchers suggest how physical activity and extreme dieting interact for anorexia nervosa patients.
Chapter authors were asked to present their views independent of the editors' argument that, when it is present, physical activity is central to anorexia. Many of the contributors disagree with the editors about the details of activity anorexia. A few suggest that excessive physical activity is either incidental to, or an epiphenomenon of, anorexia. Most authors are, however, in accord with the view that physical activity reduces food consumption which further drives up activity that results in even less caloric intake. No matter what their perspective, all contributors agree that hyperactivity frequently accompanies self-starvation in humans and other animals. The end result is a lively book that provides a source of ideas for both researchers and practitioners.

Gene Therapy describes the delivery systems now available to target a given tissue with specific gene or oligonucleotide sequences, and explores the utility of animal modules as test systems. In the context of selected disease states, it summarises in vitro and in vivo studies and clinical trials performed to date.

The editors of this volume have assembled recent articles discussing elements of each of the several commonly used psychosocial interventions -- including relapse prevention therapy, community reinforcement, voucher-based programs, self-help therapies, and motivational enhancement therapy--in addition to research-based articles that demonstrate the efficacy of these approaches. The selections in this book will provide the reader with a broad overview of the field as well as the specific information needed to use these therapies in a variety of clinical settings.

The fascinating and exciting evidence in this book has tremendous appeal. For students of Music Therapy, and others training in medical and paramedical disciplines, it can be considered an essential text for study, and required reading to gain an overview of the field.
This book provides a landmark in the literature of Music Therapy. For the scientist, chapters on the biological and medical effects of music give a wealth of research evidence on the value of music in therapy and music in medicine. For readers from paramedical, educational and other clinical fields, there are eighteen chapters detailing music therapy techniques and approaches in psychiatry, pediatrics, learning difficulties, elderly and sensory handicap. Diagnosis and assessment are covered in considerable detail and the general effect of music is reviewed in many of the contributions.
For all qualified music therapists and students.

Although eating problems--ranging from body dissatisfaction and dieting to anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa--can begin and typically have their roots in childhood, theory and research in developmental psychopathology and developmental psychology have not received substantial attention in eating disorders research. This book provides crucial background material from both fields, and then makes direct applications to numerous aspects of the field of eating disorders including theory, research, treatment, and primary prevention.
This book was born out of a transaction between frustration and optimism. The frustrations reflected the limitations of current knowledge about eating problems and disorders. Etiological "causes" which are sensitive and specific to eating disorders have been elusive. Although there is some understanding of risk factors, little is known about protective factors. This has made prevention, among other things, difficult. Furthermore, the mechanisms underlying the association between risk factors and disordered eating are poorly understood. For example, it is known that women are at greater risk than men are, but clinicians are hard- pressed to get beyond gender-based speculations and demonstrate why this is true.
The optimism grows from familiarity with the field of developmental psychopathology. It seems evident that this approach has much to offer the field of eating disorders. This book is an early step in the integration of developmental psychopathology into theorizing, research, treatment, and prevention of eating disorders. It addresses four specific goals:
* to introduce the principles and methodologies of developmental psychopathology,
* to review the work of developmental psychologists in several major areas of behavior relevant to understanding the causes, treatment, and prevention of eating disorders,
* to apply developmental psychopathology principles to the area of eating disorders, both in the form of theoretical models and in specific areas/issues raised by developmental psychopathology, and
* to discuss the implications of developmental approaches for prevention programs and treatments.