The central assertion in this volume is that the young child uses general skills, scaffolded by adults, to acquire the complex knowledge of sound patterns and the goal-directed behaviors for communicating ideas through language and producing speech. A child's acquisition of phonology is seen as a product of her physical and social interaction capacities supported by input from adult models about ambient language sound patterns. Acquisition of phonological knowledge and behavior is a product of this function-oriented complex system. No pre-existing mental knowledge base is necessary for acquiring phonology in this view. Importantly, the child's diverse abilities are used for many other functions as well as phonological acquisition. Throughout, an evaluation is made of the research on patterns of typical development across languages in monolingual and bilingual children and children with speech impairments affecting various aspects of their developing complex system. Also considered is the status of available theoretical perspectives on phonological acquisition relative to an emergence proposal, and contributions that this perspective could make to more comprehensive modeling of the nature of phonological acquisition are proposed. The volume will be of interest to cognitive psychologists, linguistics, and speech pathologists.

Word Aware 3 is a comprehensive, practical and engaging resource that focuses on teaching vocabulary and word learning skills to children aged 6 to 11 years who have vocabulary learning needs. For many children, particularly those with Special Educational Needs and Disabilities (SEND) or those whose home language isn't English (ELL or EAL learners), the vocabulary of the classroom can be a barrier to learning. This book outlines how to best support these children who require extra help, offering concrete, easy-to-implement activities and resources for use in small groups, to maximise the impact on learning and open up access to the curriculum. Word Aware 3: Takes a highly practical, evidence-based and curriculum-focused approach to vocabulary learning that supports a broad range of learners Includes photocopiable and downloadable planning, intervention and evaluation resources Provides staff training resources and an overview video presented by the authors This book can be used as an adjunct to Word Aware 1, or as an intervention on its own. Although it is most suited to children aged 6 to 11 years, it may be adapted for older students with significant learning needs. It is an essential resource for teaching assistants and learning support assistants and will also save time for special educational needs co-ordinators (SENCOs) and speech and language therapists (SaLTs) who are keen to establish effective vocabulary interventions.

Speech and language pathologists, like all professionals who claim to be scientific in their practice, make a public commitment to operate on the basis of knowledge derived in accordance with sound scientific standards. Yet students in communication disorders are given relatively little grounding in the fundamentals of science; indeed, they often receive implicit encouragement to rely on clinical wisdom. This pathbreaking text introduces the principles of critical scientific thinking as they relate to assessing communication problems, deciding about alternative approaches to intervention, and evaluating outcomes. The author provides many illustrative examples to help readers contextualize the ideas. Her clear presentation will help not only undergraduate and graduate students but also established professionals reason more effectively about what they are doing and why. Though the examples come from speech and language pathology, this illuminating and readable book constitutes a valuable resource for all clinical practitioners.

This unique, edited book bridges studies in language disorders and linguistic theory with timely contributions from leading scholars in language development. It presents an attempt to define Specific Language Impairment, relating it to children of normal and disordered language capabilities. The chapter presentations examine language development across a variety of populations of children, from those with Specific Language Impairment to second language learners. The contributors discuss criteria for the definition of SLI, compare and contrast SLI with profiles of children with other disorders and dialects, and offer a comprehensive look at the Whole Human Language, which ties together spoken and signed languages. Methodological concerns that affect the credibility and generalizability of the findings are discussed and controversies between opposing linguistic approaches to language acquisition are presented. The conceptual thread that gradually reveals itself as the chapters unfold is a theoretical issue of central importance to cognitive theory, as well as to our understanding of the biological correlates of language--it concerns the variability that linguistic competence can manifest in children under different biological conditions and life circumstances. Language Competence Across Populations: Toward a Definition of Specific Language Impairment is an essential volume for advanced students and scholars in linguistics and psychology who have an interest in language acquisition and language disorders, as well as for the clinical professionals dealing with children with language impairments.

Newly updated, Gavin Reid s best-selling handbook remains an essential resource for those helping dyslexic individuals of all ages, from preschoolers to adults in the workplace. * Combines theoretical explanations, the latest research, and practical solutions with a focus on inclusion and meeting the individual s needs * New and expanded coverage includes: multilingualism; the use of technology; co-existing conditions such as dyspraxia, dyscalculia, and ADHD; and positive dyslexia * Assembles the latest policies and best practices for dyslexia from around the world, and makes current debates regarding education and literacy accessible to trainees and practitioners

Social Theory and the Urban Question offers a guide to, and a critical evaluation of key themes in contemporary urban social theory, as well as a re-examination of more traditional approaches in the light of recent developments and criticism. Dr Saunders discusses current theoretical positions in the context of the work of Marx, Weber and Durkheim. He suggests that later writers have often misunderstood or ignored the arguments of these 'founding fathers' of the urban question. Dr Saunders uses his final chapter to apply the lessons learned from a review of their work in order to develop a new framework for urban social and political analysis. This book was first published in 1981.

"The Silent Child" describes a way of understanding and communicating with children who are not speaking, but rather using their bodies and somatic symptoms to express states of mind. Jeanne Magagna has worked for 45 years trying to find ways of helping these children, varying in age and symptoms. Using infant observation methods of understanding primitive states of mind expressed through gestures of eyes, hands, body posture, she has worked in in-patient or out-patient settings with contributors: a group of psychiatrists, psychologists, family and child psychotherapists, physiotherapists, nurses, therapeutic care workers, teachers, parents groups and work discussion seminar members in out-patient and in-patient settings. In their chapters, the professionals and a parent show how they use their observation, empathy and countertransference experiences to promote understanding in the silent child and his/her parents and siblings.This book is particularly important for mental health professionals, teachers and parents who are encountering "a child communicating without words." It will assist them in being curious and nurturing rather than paralyzed by the experience of having to think without the child s verbal response.Contributors: Jeanne Magagna, Nancy L. Bakalar, Melanie Bladen, Sarah Dixon, Alex Dubinsky, Jo Guiney, Bryan Lask, Natalie Le Clezio, Tara Pepper-Goldsmith, Cynthia Rousso, Ankur Sharma, Michelle Scott, Naomi Simon, David Wood, Charlotte Wormald."

Now in a fully updated second edition, this comprehensive and practical book outlines the theoretical underpinnings for vocabulary and acts as a 'how to' guide to developing word learning across the school and curriculum. It is packed with easy-to-implement activities, worksheets and resources that can be put into practice immediately with individual students or groups, whole classes and throughout the school. The Word Aware approach provides a structured framework to promote vocabulary development in all children and has been rigorously tried and tested. Now in full colour, with photocopiable and downloadable materials, it is an outstanding resource that will be an essential addition to any school and classroom. The second edition of Word Aware 1 brings: An even wider range of ready-to-go vocabulary activities Fine-tuned teaching techniques Enhanced resources to develop children's independent word learning skills A step-by-step guide to developing a whole school approach Word Aware 1 is an invaluable tool for teachers and other professionals looking to support children as they broaden their vocabulary. It is particularly suited to children aged 5-11 years but can easily be adapted for older children.

This revised and updated second edition of Working with Children's Language has been created to support practitioners who work with young children with delayed language acquisition. Rooted in a developmental theory of language learning, it covers topics such as attention control and listening, the role of play, verbal comprehension and the acquisition of spoken expressive language. Each chapter offers a straightforward overview of current research relating to the specific language skill before introducing a wealth of targeted games and activities that can help support the development of those skills. Key features include: * A structured approach to language learning that can be followed as a programme or adapted for informal use by individual practitioners. * Accessible activities, games and ideas suitable for small group or individual intervention, linked to specific aims based on developmental norms. * Photocopiable and downloadable resources, including a record sheet to track progress in each skill against aims and outcomes for individual children. Clearly linking theory and practice in an engaging and easy-to-follow format, this is an invaluable resource to support children in early years settings and Key Stage 1 whose language is delayed, but who are otherwise developing normally. It is a must-have book for early years practitioners, teachers, SEND professionals and speech and language therapists with varying levels of experience.

In the general study of speech and phonetics, vowels have stood in second place to consonants. But what vowels are, how they differ from one another, how they vary among speakers, and how they are subject to disorder, are questions that require a closer examination. This Handbook presents a comprehensive, cogent, and up-to-date analysis of the vowel, including its typical development in children's speech, description by perceptual and instrumental methods, cross-linguistic and sociolinguistic aspects, and disorders of its production and use. It approaches the problems of vowel production and perception from the viewpoints of physiology, physics, psychology, linguistics, phonetics, phonology, and speech-language pathology. The chapters are logically complementary, and the major sections of the book are like key dimensions of understanding, each adding a perspective and base of knowledge on vowels. The sum total of the chapters is a synthesis of information on vowels that has no precedent.

This book features case studies of ten individuals with acquired neurological disorders. These disorders have implications for speech, language, and communication, but to date they have not been the focus of research in speech-language pathology. Chapters present a brief medical overview of each condition, followed by detailed linguistic analysis. A carefully assembled narrative captures the impact of each neurological disorder on an individual's daily life and social activities. This structured approach, supported by further reading and exercises, gives readers a nuanced understanding of each disorder's clinical presentation and language and communication features, and the complex interrelationship between language, communication, and cognitive and motor symptoms. The book will be of interest to students of all levels, researchers, and clinicians in speech-language pathology and related disciplines, including neurology, psychiatry, and psychology.

Pete and Jem are very helpful at the supermarket, but end up causing chaos with a tower of food on display. Targeting Subject-Verb-Object sentences and the conjunction 'and' for listing, this book provides repeated examples of early developing syntax and morphology which will engage and excite the reader while building pre-literacy skills and make learning fun, as well as exposing children to multiple models of the target grammar form. Perfect for a speech and language therapy session, this book is an ideal starting point for targeting client goals and can also be enjoyed at school or home to reinforce what has been taught in the therapy session.

Few activities can match the complexity of human communication. Given its intricacy, it is understandable that the process will not always work properly. When it doesn't, the effects can be devastating, given how much of everyday life depends on communicating with one another. Despite its importance, however, much is still unclear about how we turn thoughts into language and then speech. Debates rage over various components of the communication system. Myths abound, most based on nothing more than speculation and misinformation. It all makes for a fascinating area of study and practice, particularly when considering the importance of the topic. This book provides readers with the basics of human communication without shying away from the controversies. Dale F. Williams, Ph.D. utilizes a panel of internationally recognized experts in all areas of the field to clearly explain normal communication as well as disorders of speech, language, hearing, and swallowing. Topics that overlap all disorders-diagnosis, treatment, research, ethics, work settings, and multicultural issues-are also covered in a reader-friendly style. In addition to the relevant information on human communication, the book also includes first-hand accounts of both people with disorders and those who work with them. Discussion questions are posed to help readers explore the gray areas and additional readings are described for those wishing to research specific topics. In these ways, readers are provided with information that truly helps them to understand communication sciences and disorders from a variety of perspectives. Communication Sciences and Disorders: An Introduction to the Professions is essential reading for anyone contemplating a career in speech-language pathology or audiology. In addition, the clear and entertaining writing style makes the field, in all its complexity, accessible to anyone with even a passing interest in the process of human communication.

Fundamentals of AAC: A Case-Based Approach to Enhancing Communication is a course-friendly textbook designed to walk readers through the theoretical and clinical underpinnings of assessment, intervention, and consultation for individuals with complex communication needs across the lifespan. Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) encompasses a variety of communication methods and is used by those with a wide range of speech and language impairments. With a consistent framework and descriptive case studies, as well as input from various stakeholders, readers can gain a comprehensive understanding of the needs of persons who use AAC and how to provide them with ethically and culturally considerate support. Unlike other texts on this topic, this book empowers the reader to visualize AAC in action. Each chapter offers evidence-based information about the topic along with a case study. The case studies combined with short essays from various stakeholders illustrate the variety of ways in which AAC can enhance an individual's connection with their communication partners and community, and the role of the speech-language pathologist as integral to this process. Intended to easily translate into a six, eight or 13-week semester course, this textbook is divided into seven distinct sections: Section I provides an overview of AAC, no-tech, mid-tech, and high-tech AAC systems, as well as mobile technology and advancing technology. Section II discusses cultural and linguistic responsivity and how this underlies AAC systems and services. Section III reviews AAC assessment, intervention and implementation for toddlers, preschoolers, and school-aged individuals, along with goal-writing and data collection. Section IV covers assessment, intervention, and implementation for young adults and adults needing AAC. Section V offers the reader detailed information and rich examples of the application of AAC for persons with developmental disabilities. Section VI provides the theoretical foundation and exemplar case studies of AAC for persons with acquired disabilities. Section VII details consultation and training for various stakeholders, as well as tele-AAC services. Key Features Overviews with key terms set the stage for each section 36 case studies with questions and visuals to clearly depict each case Boxes with practical tips and expert advice A PluralPlus companion website with diverse online resources for instructors in the Instructor's Manual and video vignettes and tutorials for readers

* Balances the two major methodologies used in clinical phonetics: impressionistic transcription and instrumental analysis. * Focuses on instrumental assessment and technological advances, which are not covered in sufficient depth in most current textbooks. * Includes not only articulatory/physiologic and acoustic phonetics, but also auditory (perceptual) aspects * Accompanied by video files for students and clinical professionals who want guided practice in the application of procedures with clinical populations.

Why do many people with disorders of communication experience a sense of demoralization? Do these subjective experiences have any bearing on how such problems should be treated? How can professionals dealing with speech, language, hearing and other communication disorders analyse and respond to the subjective and relational needs of clients with such problems? In this book, authors in the fields of communication disorders analyse the psychological, social and linguistic processes and interactions that underpin clinical practice, from both client and clinician perspectives. The chapters demonstrate how it is possible to analyze and understand client-clinician discourse using qualitative research, and describe various challenges to establishing relationships such as cultural, gender and age differences. The authors go on to describe self-care processes, the therapeutic use of the self, and various psychological factors that could be important for developing therapeutic relationships. Also covered are the rarely considered topics of spirituality and transpersonal issues, which may at times be relevant to clinicians working with clients who have debilitating, degenerative and terminal illnesses associated with certain communication disorders. While this book is geared toward the needs of practicing and training speech, language and hearing clinicians, other professional such as teachers of the deaf, psychotherapists, nurses, and occupational therapists will find the ideas relevant, interesting and easily translatable for use in their own clinical practice.

This year 's special issue contains papers presented at the 39th Clinical Aphasiology Conference held in Keystone, Colorado in May, 2009. The issue contains another excellent mix of articles, demonstrating the depth and breadth of issues covered in clinical aphasiology at the present time. As a venue for the discussion of applied research in aphasia, CAC encourages researchers to explore the ultimate social ramifications of different assessment and treatment protocols, while retaining strong theoretical underpinnings related to both neurological and cognitive factors involved in the impairment.

From a leading neurologist, neuroscientist and practitioner of Ayurvedic medicine, comes a rigorous scientific investigation of the healing power of sound, showing readers how they can use it to improve their mental and physical wellbeing. Why does a baby's cry instantaneously flood a mother's body with a myriad of stress hormones? How can a song on the radio stir up powerful emotions, from joy to anger, regret to desire? Why does sound itself evoke such primal and deeply felt emotions? A vibration that travels through air, water and solids, sound is produced by all matter, and is a fundamental part of every species' survival. But there is a hidden power within sound that has only just begun to be investigated. Sound Medicine takes readers on a journey through the structure of the mouth, ears, and brain to understand how sound is translated from acoustic vibrations into meaningful neurological impulses. Renowned neurologist and Ayurvedic expert Dr. Kulreet Chaudhary explains how different types of sound impact the human body and brain uniquely, and explores the physiological effects of sound vibration, from altering mood to healing disease. Blending ancient wisdom with modern science, Dr. Chaudhary traces the history of sound therapy and the use of specific mantras from previously unknown texts-traced back to the Siddhas, a group of enlightened yogis who created a healing tradition that served as the precursor to Ayurvedic medicine-to explain the therapeutic application of sounds for a wide range of conditions. Sound Medicine offers practical, step-by-step lessons for using music and mantras, whether you're a beginner or searching for a more advanced practice, to improve your health in body, mind, and spirit.

Many national professional organizations of speech-language pathologists have adopted evidence-based practice (EBP) as the preferred approach to clinical practice. This mandate brings with it an added responsibility for university programs because they need to prepare future generations of speech-language pathologists for these new demands.

This special issue is the first in a peer-reviewed journal in the field that focuses on the teaching of EBP at the pre-professional level! That is, four university programs from three continents (Australia, Europe, and North America) showcase how they conceptualized and implemented their innovative approach to teaching EBP.

Because many programs are in the midst of moving toward EBP, this is a must read for anyone who is teaching or learning in a university-based program in speech-language pathology.

We believe that this issue will serve as a catalyst for increased scholarly discourse on this critical need.

Fourteen specialists from across the European Union discuss current issues regarding Middle Eastern and North African immigrants in Europe, focusing on topics such as immigration legislation, assimilation, integration, multiculturalism, community formation, citizenship, political participation, and religious and cultural identities.
This book was previously published as a special issue of the journal Immigrants and Minorities.

Shortlisted for the 2008 Katharine Briggs Award.

For centuries the witch has been a powerful figure in the European imagination; but the creation of this figure has been hidden from our view. Charles Zika s groundbreaking study investigates how the visual image of the witch was created in late fifteenth- and sixteenth-century Europe. He charts the development of the witch as a new visual subject, showing how the traditional imagery of magic and sorcery of medieval Europe was transformed into the sensationalist depictions of witches in the pamphlets and prints of the sixteenth century.

This book shows how artists and printers across the period developed key visual codes for witchcraft, such as the cauldron and the riding of animals. It demonstrates how influential these were in creating a new iconography for representing witchcraft, incorporating themes such as the power of female sexuality, male fantasy, moral reform, divine providence and punishment, the superstitions of non-Christian peoples and the cannibalism of the New World.

Lavishly illustrated and encompassing in its approach, The Appearance of Witchcraft is the first systematic study of the visual representation of witchcraft in the later fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. It will give the reader a unique insight into how the image of the witch evolved in the early modern world.

Being intelligible to a listener means getting your message across and improving speech intelligibility is one of the most common goals for clients working with a speech-language pathologist (SLP). Improving Speech Intelligibility in Adults: Clinical Application of Evidence-Based Strategies is a professional resource for practicing SLPs working with adults with communication disorders, such as dysarthria, acquired apraxia of speech, and voice disorders. This book incorporates current research findings to support the use of evidence-based strategies in clinical situations. While other books may focus on "drilling" and "practicing" a list of words, sentences, and topics to use with a client to change their behaviors, Improving Speech Intelligibility in Adults uniquely focuses on the speaker and the listener in tandem. The author takes a noteworthy approach in how the listener can change behaviors to assist with understanding. The text presents a comprehensive approach to improving speech intelligibility by including ways to enhance the communication environment during in-person or teletherapy exchanges to enhance understanding between speaker and listener.

This highly practical resource has been designed to support working memory and curriculum success in the Key Stage 1 and Key Stage 2 classroom. Working memory is crucial for success in maths, reading, reading comprehension and problem solving, yet children with poor working memory often struggle to meet the demands of everyday classroom activities. Filled with activities and support for Key Stage 1 and Key Stage 2 Maths and English, this book offers ideas for the practising teacher on how to make the classroom a place to reinforce memory skills, and to ensure that those with working memory difficulties are included and supported. Key features include: * Information on recognising working memory difficulties * Practical and specific strategies to support learners in the classroom * Graduated activities for Maths and English learners based on the national curriculum The importance of working memory on curriculum success is becoming increasingly evident, with growing emphasis on testing and an ever more demanding curriculum. With photocopiable and downloadable resources, this is an essential book for teachers, teaching assistants and other education staff looking to support working memory with children.

Now in a fully revised and updated third edition, Working with Voice Disorders offers practical insight and direction into all aspects of voice disorders, from assessment and diagnosis to intervention and case management. Using evidence-based material, it provides clinicians with pragmatic, accessible support, facilitating and informing decision-making along the clinical journey, from referral to discharge. Key features of this resource include: A wealth of new, up-to-date practical and theoretical information, covering topics such as the prevention, assessment, intervention and treatment of a wide spectrum of voice disorders. A multi-dimensional structure, allowing the clinician to consider both specific aspects of patient management and aspects such as clinical effectiveness, clinical efficiencies and service management. Photocopiable clinical resources, from an at-a-glance summary of voice disorders to treatment and assessment protocols, and practical exercises and advice sheets for patients. Sample programmes for voice information groups and teacher workshops. Checklists for patients on topics such as the environmental and acoustic challenges of the workplace. Self-assessed personalised voice review sheets and weekly voice diaries encourage patients to monitor their voice quality and utilise strategies to prevent vocal misuse. Combining the successful format of mixing theory and practice, this edition offers a patient-centred approach to voice disorders in a fully accessible and easy-to-read format and addresses the challenges of service provision in a changing world. This is an essential resource for speech and language therapists of varying levels of experience, from student to specialist.

This book provides clinicians and researchers with the current state-of-the-art on the pharmacological treatment of aphasia. The focus is on the role of different pharmacological agents to improve aphasia associated with stroke and to attenuate language dissolution in degenerative conditions like Alzheimer's disease and primary progressive aphasia. This book is the first one that addresses these topics. Leaders in the field provide tutorial reviews on how focal brain injury and degeneration impact on the normal the activity of different neurotransmitter systems and how drugs combined or not with rehabilitation can improve language and communication deficits. This is nicely illustrated by studies on single cases and case series describing the beneficial effects of interventions combining drugs with evidence-based rehabilitation techniques. Throughout the volume, future directions to refine testing aimed to detect gains in language and non-language cognitive deficits promoted by drug treatment are highlighted. This book is essential reading for anyone interested in the rehabilitation of aphasia and related cognitive disorders. This book was originally published as a special issue of Aphasiology.