The interaction between engineering and the law is undergoing dramatic changes. Product liability, laws have been introduced in Japan, patent claims over living organisms have been made in bioengineering and the differing national laws of copyright protection and liability are in the process of harmonisation, especially in the European Union. The pace and complexity of these changes make it essential for technologists, lawyers, engineers and insurance experts to establish a common basis for understanding, co-operation and exchange of expertise. The recently founded International Society for Technology, Law and Insurance aims to foster such co-operation. This volume features 46 selected contributions which address various topical issues and the law. The most important issues relate to engineering risks, quality assurance and assessment and legal implications assiciated with them. Recent failure cases are explained and the technical, legal and insurance-related issues discussed in detail.

Landslides and slope failure are common in the US and rest of the world. The landslides cause significant damage to infrastructure and millions of dollars are required each year to fix the slope. A sustainable and costeffective option to stabilise the slope can have significant benefits, as it will reduce the cost of maintenance and when using recycled pins, it may help the environment at the same time. The recycled plastic pin is made from recycled plastic bottles and other plastic waste. Several demonstration projects already proved the effectiveness of RPP as an alternative option to fix slope failure, with a maximum failure depth of 7-8 ft. In this book, every detail of the slope stabilisation technique using recycled plastic pins, including the design techniques and several case studies, are included. This will help to explain the basics of this important technique and will be used as reference to design the slope stabilisation scheme using recycled plastic pins.

Geotechnique Symposium in Print 2011: The theme of this symposium blends together two areas of research which relate to the effects of suction and partial saturation on soil behaviour and the study of compaction as a method of soil improvement. The recurring interest in these areas of research, together with the recent increase in the number of international conferences dedicated to unsaturated soils, is a clear indication of the continued relevance of this theme to the geotechnical profession. Contributions to this symposium show that recent developments of experimental techniques and modelling tools have enhanced our understanding of unsaturated soil mechanics and have resulted in the formulation of conceptual material frameworks that are applicable to different categories of soils. Nevertheless, the impact of such advances on engineering practice is yet to be seen. The research included in this book can definitely contribute to closing the gap between research and practice by facilitating dissemination of our current knowledge of unsaturated soil mechanics. This knowledge has the potential to enhance the sustainability of current building practices by extending the use of locally sourced soils and, in general, to improve design of earth structures with consequent gains in safety and cost.

This book describes the enormous depth of work carried out since the early 1970s on the Messina Strait Bridge, up to the recent award of the detailed design and construction contract. This important work has included extensive studies, concepts and design developments, with far reaching applications, which have all confirmed the feasibility of this huge endeavour and have led to the optimisation of costs and expected performance levels. Attention is focused not only on the design itself, but also on the context for the project (e.g. historical, geological, seismo-tectonic and wind conditions; structural and mechanical properties; project management and financial aspects; and environmental considerations), and on the great challenges involved. Thus, considering the innovations and specific solutions adopted in overcoming the challenges presented by constructing a world record span of 3,300 metres at this site, it becomes clear how the Messina Strait Crossing will take its place as a masterpiece in bridge engineering history. This book will be of interest to bridge and structural engineers, geotechnical and wind engineers, mechanical and earthquake engineers, graduate students in all these areas and all others with a broad interest in bridge design and engineering.

Construction Economics in the Single European Market is an edited selection of papers from the first European Construction Economics Conference. Experts give details on construction costs from many European countries including Denmark, Ireland, France, Sweden, Netherlands, Spain and the UK.

Many high-rise buildings have been constructed in recent decades, particularly in Western Pacific Rim countries. Some examples of these include the Grand Gateway at Xi Hui and the Tomorrow Square, both in Shanghai, the Xiamen Post and Telecommunication Building in China, the Petronas (twin) Towers in Malaysia and the Shanghai World Financial Center. The last three are well over 1,000 feet in height, with the Petronas Towers measuring 1,483 feet tall and the Shanghai World Financial Center standing at 1,509 feet tall.
While these certainly represent the ultimate challenges in the structural aspects of buildings, challenges remain in the structural aspects of buildings at various height. This volume is a comprehensive treatment of the issues and the advanced techniques involved in building and bridge structures. Numerous illustrative examples of the techniques involved are included.

A step-by-step text on the basic tests performed in soil mechanics, Introduction to Soil Mechanics Laboratory Testing provides procedural aids and elucidates industry standards. It also covers how to properly present data and document results. Containing numerical examples and figures, the information presented is based on American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards, and US Army Corps of Engineers engineering manuals.

The authors discuss the different methods of "in situ" field methods and "ex situ" laboratory methods of soil description and identification. They present equations for the physical properties of soil and laboratory methods of soil classification. They also discuss tests for the interaction of soil and water, and hydraulic conductivity and consolidation. These tests produce information useful in the identification and characterization of soil samples and their engineering behaviors.

A comprehensive resource, the book describesthe evaluation of physical properties of soils, including mass, weight, unit weight, and mass density of the soil mass and its component phases. These properties are then expanded to define a number of weight and volumetric relationships. The book also discusses tests used in the evaluation of the density-water content relationships in soils and in the evaluation of the quality of compaction operations. These features and more make this book an excellent guide for testing soils.

Current books on project finance tend to be non-technical and are either procedural or rely heavily on case studies. In contrast, this textbook provides a more analytical perspective, without a loss of pragmatism.

Principles of Project and Infrastructure Finance is written for senior undergraduates, graduate students and practitioners who wish to know how major projects, such as residential and infrastructural developments, are financed. The approach is intuitive, yet rigorous, making the book highly readable. Case studies are used to illustrate integration as well as to underscore the pragmatic slant.

Current books on project finance tend to be non-technical and are either procedural or rely heavily on case studies. In contrast, this textbook provides a more analytical perspective, without a loss of pragmatism.

Principles of Project and Infrastructure Finance is written for senior undergraduates, graduate students and practitioners who wish to know how major projects, such as residential and infrastructural developments, are financed. The approach is intuitive, yet rigorous, making the book highly readable. Case studies are used to illustrate integration as well as to underscore the pragmatic slant.

Ideal for undergraduates of geotechnical engineering for civil engineers, this established textbook sets out the basic theories of soil mechanics in a clear and straightforward way; combining both classical and critical state theories and giving students a good grounding in the subject which will last right through into a career as a geotechnical engineer. The subject is broken down into discrete topics which are presented in a series of short, focused chapters with clear and accessible text that develops from the purely theoretical to discussing practical applications. Soil behaviour is described by relatively simple equations with clear parameters while a number of worked examples and simple experimental demonstrations are included to illustrate the principles involved and aid reader understanding.

Geologic hazards pose the greatest threat to human safety for any geotechnical undertaking, but it is ultimately the engineer's ability to recognize and cope with these hazards that will determine the safety of life and property. Armed with Geologic Hazards: A Field Guide for Geotechnical Engineers you will be able to properly recognize, understand various geologic hazards, and provide safe and economical construction. Eminent expert Roy E. Hunt thoroughly examines the potential for slope failures, earthquakes, ground subsidence, collapse, and expansion. Using a clear conceptual approach, he explains what measures are available to minimize or eliminate the risks associated with each of these geologic hazards.

The book sets forth the basis for recognizing, understanding, and treating geologic hazards, using general concepts rather than rigorous mathematical analyses. The author covers the prediction of slope failures through recognition of geologic and other factors that govern failure, the treatment of slopes that are potentially unstable and pose a danger to some existing development, the design and construction of stable cut slopes and sidehill fills, and the stabilization of failed slopes. He provides the foundation for determining the potential for surface movements and for preventing or controlling their effects. A section on earthquakes summarizes and links all of the aspects of earthquakes including their causes, characteristics, and surface effects. It provides a thorough grounding in how to recognize hazard potential and minimize the consequences.

There is no field within geotechnical engineering in which the state of the art is changing so rapidly. Providing the latestinformation, this resource is a useful tool for designing new projects and redesigning old ones.

Useful for both students on Quantity Surveying courses, but also professional as it is specially designed to address common financial and contractual issues encountered in building projects Contains real case study examples from the Hong Kong market Endorsed by the Hong Kong Institute of Surveyors

Plates: Theories and Applications provides a comprehensive introduction to plate structures, covering classical theory and applications. It considers plate structures in several forms, starting from the simple uniform, thin, homogeneous metallic structure to more efficient and durable alternatives involving features such as variable-thickness, lamination, sandwich construction, fiber reinforcement, functional gradation, and moderately-thick to very-thick geometry. Different theoretical models are then discussed for analysis and design purposes starting from the classical thin plate theory to alternatives obtained by incorporation of appropriate complicating effects or by using fundamentally different assumptions. Plates: Theories and Applications alsocovers the latest developments on the topic.

Highway Bridge Management provides the bridge maintenance engineer and bridge manager with key information necessary to effectively manage highway bridges and other structures. The appropriate maintenance of highway bridge structures is vital to the safe and economic transport of goods and people. The bridge maintenance engineer has to have a skill set of asset management, inspection and assessment techniques, value engineering and prioritisation methods, repair techniques, legal and safety matters and stakeholder engagement. This book contains all the necessary information required to manage a highway bridge effectively and provides information beyond that found in the UK Design Manual for Roads and Bridges. Featuring case studies charting successes and failures, this is a necessary purchase for all maintenance engineers, supervising engineers, bridge managers, client organisations and graduate engineers tasked with performing bridge maintenance tasks, ensuring that all your bridge structures will be fit for purpose for future generations.

Seismic measurements take many forms, and appear to have a universal role in the Earth Sciences. They are the means for most easily and economically interpreting what lies beneath the visible surface. There are huge economic rewards and losses to be made when interpreting the shallow crust or subsurface more, or less accurately, as the case may be. This book describes seismic behaviour at many scales and from numerous fields in geophysics, tectonophysics and rock physics, and from civil, mining and petroleum engineering. Addressing key items for improved understanding of seismic behaviour, it often interprets seismic measurements in rock mechanics terms, with particular attention to the cause of attenuation, its inverse seismic quality, and the anisotropy of fracture compliances and stiffnesses. Reviewed behaviour stretches over ten orders of magnitude, from micro-crack compliance in laboratory tests to cross-continent attenuation. Between these extremes lie seismic investigation of rock joints, boreholes, block tests, dam and bridge foundations, quarry blasting, canal excavations, hydropower and transportation tunnels, machine bored TBM tunnels, sub-sea sediment and mid-ocean ridge measurements, where the emphasis is on velocity-depth-age models. Attenuation of earthquake coda-waves is also treated, including in-well measurements. In the later chapters, there is a general emphasis on deeper, higher stress, larger scale applications of seismic, such as shear-wave splitting for interpreting the attenuation, anisotropy and orientation of permeable 'open' fracture sets in petroleum reservoirs, and the 4D seismic effects of water-flood, oil production and compaction. The dispersive or frequency dependence of most seismic measurements and their dependence on fracture dimensions and fracture density is emphasized. The possibility that shear displacement may be required to explain permeability at depth is quantified. This book is cross-disciplinary, non-mathematical and phenomenological in nature, containing a wealth of figures and a wide review of the literature from many fields in the Earth Sciences. Including a chapter of conclusions and an extensive subject index, it is a unique reference work for professionals, researchers, university teachers and students working in the fields of geophysics, civil, mining and petroleum engineering. It will be particularly relevant to geophysicists, engineering geologists and geologists who are engaged in the interpretation of seismic measurements in rock and petroleum engineering.

Accelerating economic development and urbanization has led to engineers becoming increasingly ambitious, carrying out excavations in more difficult soils, so that excavations are deeper and more extensive. These complex conditions require advanced analysis, design methods and construction technologies. Most books on general foundation engineering introduce basic analysis and design of excavation, but do not usually deal with analysis and design in practice. This book covers both areas, introducing methods currently used in modern engineering, which can readily be applied to analysis and design in actual excavations. Based on interaction between research results, analysis and teaching experience, the book is suitable for both teachers and engineers in advanced analysis and design. Each chapter ends with a series of problems and solutions, making it equally useful as a textbook for senior undergraduate and graduate levels.

The modeling of mechanical properties of materials and structures is a complex and wide-ranging subject. In some applications, it is sufficient to assume that the material remains elastic, i.e. that the deformation process is fully reversible and the stress is a unique function of strain. However, such a simplified assumption is appropriate only within a limited range, and in general must be replaced by a more realistic approach that takes into account the inelastic processes such as plastic yielding or cracking.

This book presents a comprehensive treatment of the most important areas of plasticity and of time-dependent inelastic behavior (viscoplasticity of metals, and creep and shrinkage of concrete). It covers structural aspects such as:

• incremental analysis

• limit analysis

• shakedown analysis

• optimal design

• beam structures subjected to bending and torsion

• yield line theory of plates

• slip line theory

• size effect in structures

• creep and shrinkage effects in concrete structures.

• yield surfaces for metals and plastic-frictional materials

• hardening and softening

• stress-return algorithms

• large-strain formulations

• thermodynamic framework

• microplane models

• localization of plastic strain.

Commissioned by the Cabinet Office and using hitherto untapped British Government records, this book presents an in-depth analysis of the successful project of 1986-94.
This is a vivid portrayal of the complexities of quadripartite decision-making (two countries, plus the public and private sectors), revealing new insights into the role of the British and French Governments in the process. This important book, written by Britain's leading transport historian, will be essential reading for all those interested in PPPs, British and European economic history and international relations.
The building of the Channel Tunnel has been one of Europe's major projects and a testimony to British-French and public-private sector collaboration. However, Eurotunnels current financial crisis provides a sobering backcloth for an examination of British Governments long-term flirtation with the project, and, in particular, the earlier Tunnel project in the 1960s and early 1970s, which was abandoned by the British Government in 1975.

As of April 2010, Eurocodes replaced British Standards as the principal design standards for bridges in the UK. In support of the transition the Bridge Design to Eurocodes: UK Implementation conference held at the Institution of Civil Engineers in November 2010 brought important background and explanatory information into the public domain. The proceedings of this conference provide an enduring record of the UK's Eurocodes implementation for bridge design, with papers written by invited experts who have been at the very heart of Eurocode developments in the UK. Readers are provided with the key technical decisions taken in the development of the National Annexes, as well as important sources of complementary information and practical advice on applying the codes. Providing definitive, essential and practical information on the implementation of the Eurocodes for bridge design in the UK, this book is essential reading for bridge owners, managers, designers, consultants, contractors, local or central government engineers, academics, and software developers, that is anyone interested or involved in the design, build, maintenance or ownership of bridges

This is the first book to fully present, analyse and interpret the Dubai real estate market. Dubai is fast becoming one of the world's most attractive places to invest in real estate and this book examines the market from three interlinked sectors that drive its performance: occupiers, investors, and developers. It examines the market's historical growth and lays the foundations to examine future trends. The book provides a synopsis of Dubai's market practices, economic trends and social change that impacts the value of real estate. Chapters also debate issues such as: property investment, house price performance, local valuation practices, spatial planning, the economics of the city, market practices and regulation, property-led economic growth and future trends such as sustainability and digitalisation. This book offers a comprehensive, in-depth and up-to-date account of the Dubai property market and presents a full assessment of the investment potential of Dubai real estate. It is a must read for students, academics and real estate professionals interested in this fascinating real estate market that has implications for both Dubai and wider GCC markets as well as the international investment market and senior professionals who come to work in the region.

The Forth Bridge has long been recognised as one of the finest examples of Victorian engineering on the planet and has achieved an iconic status as one of the great feats of western civilisation since its official opening in 1890. Lavishly illustrated throughout with stunning archive images, Elspeth Wills uncovers the human story behind 'the engineering marvel': the story of the Briggers. It is a story that has never been told before - of ordinary men working on an extraordinary structure in an often hostile and dangerous environment. Recognised throughout the world as an enduring icon of Scotland, the Forth Bridge is more than just a testament to the genius of Victorian engineering, it is a monument to all those who worked to realise its vision and to the scores of lives that were lost in the process. In this groundbreaking new work, Elspeth Wills gives a voice to the forgotten heroes who helped to make the ambition of the Bridge a reality.

Soilbags, Donow in Japanese, have been commonly used as temporary structures, rather than as real earth reinforcement construction parts, because of their rapid deterioration on prolonged exposure to sunlight. The amazing bearing capacity of soilbags has, however, initiated the development of a novel and effective earth reinforcement method in which the bearing capacity of soft foundations can be greatly improved. The bearing load of quality-controlled soilbags can reach 10% of that of concrete, and their durability as a semi-permanent material can exceed 50 years, provided that direct exposure to sunlight and ultra-violet rays is avoided. A New Earth Reinforcement Method Using Soilbags covers the development, properties and characteristics of soilbags, as well as design features of structures built with soilbags. The geotechnical applications of this method in railway ballast foundation reinforcement, soft building foundation reinforcement and retaining wall and embankment constructions are extensively described and richly illustrated by reference to case studies from Japan. the method in earth reinforcement and civil engineering construction in other countries. Developing countries may have particular interest in the soilbag method as an effective and economical alternative for conventional earth reinforcement techniques. This volume is intended for geotechnical and foundation engineers and other professionals working on earth reinforcement. It may serve as a supplementary information source on earth reinforcement for graduate students in soil mechanics and foundation engineering.

Contents:
Preface. Acknowledgements. 1. Introduction. 2. Constant Chloride Diffusivity. 3. Error Function and Related Functions. 4. Time-dependent Chloride Diffusion Coefficient. 5. Diffusivity Dependent of Distance. 6. The Complete Solution of Fick's Second Law. 7. Special Problems.

Many important advances in designing modern structures have occurred over the last several years. Structural engineers need an authoritative source of information that thoroughly and concisely covers the foundational principles of the field. Comprising chapters selected from the second edition of the best-selling Handbook of Structural Engineering, Principles of Structural Design provides a tightly focused, concise, and valuable guide to the theoretical, practical, and computational aspects of structural design. This book systematically explores the fundamental concepts underlying structural design for each major type of structural material. Expert contributors authoritatively discuss steel structures, steel frame design using advanced analysis, cold-formed steel structures, reinforced concrete structures, prestressed concrete, and masonry, timber, and aluminum structures. For each construction material, the chapter explores the material properties, design considerations, and structural principles affecting overall design. Reflecting recent advances, the book includes two chapters devoted to reliability-based structural design and structure configuration based on wind engineering. Computational methods and simulation techniques illustrate the concepts of reliability-based design, while examples of real bridges highlight the application of wind engineering principles and methods. Principles of Structural Design couples fundamental concepts with advanced practices. It is an ideal introduction for newcomers to the field as well as a perfect review and quick-reference guide for seasoned engineers.