Just as the steam engine was the driving force behind the Industrial Revolution, today, broadband Internet is seen as critical to the transition of knowledge-intensive economies across the world. As a general purpose technology, broadband Internet is considered a fundamental driver of economic growth and social development, releasing the innovative potential and energy of previously disenfranchised members of the population. Many of the countries in the Middle East and North Africa region (MENA) now recognize that broadband Internet is crucial to their efforts to reduce poverty and create job opportunities, especially for their young populations and for women. Broadband Networks in the Middle East and North Africa re-emphasizes the important contribution that broadband Internet can make and assesses the status of existing nfrastructure in at least 18 MENA countries. While there is significant potential across the region, the take-up of broadband Internet has been slow and the price of broadband service is high in many countries. In large part, this stems from market structures that, too often, reflect the past when telecommunications were treated as a monopoly utility service. The report finds that there are gaps in infrastructure regionally with no connectivity between neighboring countries in some cases. Similarly, there are gaps within countries exacerbating the (digital) divide between rural and urban areas. "Broadband Networks in the Middle East and North Africa" examines the regulatory and market bottlenecks that are hampering the growth of the Internet in these and other MENA countries: the five North African countries (Algeria, Egypt, Morocco, Libya, Tunisia); the six Mashreq countries (the Islamic Republic of Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, and the West Bank and Gaza economy); the six Gulf countries (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates); and Djibouti and the Republic of Yemen. Last, the report provides policy and regulatory options for increasing effective use of existing fixed and mobile infrastructure as well as alternative infrastructure networks such as power grids and railroads. It explains the benefits of effective cross-sector infrastructure construction frameworks, highlighting the need to adjust market structures to foster competitive behavior among service providers to bring down prices and stimulate the demand for value-added services to drive future broadband development.

A short book with important concepts and instructions. This book is for those who want to find out more about Windows Phone and are familiar with functional programming languages, and in particular, F#. The book assumes that you know how to program using F# as a language. However, the book does take you through a brief introduction to Windows Phone as a platform and F# as a language.

The wireless medium is a shared resource. If nearby devices transmit at the same time, their signals interfere, resulting in a collision. In traditional networks, collisions cause the loss of the transmitted information. For this reason, wireless networks have been designed with the assumption that interference is intrinsically harmful and must be avoided. This book, a revised version of the author's award-winning Ph.D. dissertation, takes an alternate approach: Instead of viewing interference as an inherently counterproductive phenomenon that should to be avoided, we design practical systems that transform interference into a harmless, and even a beneficial phenomenon. To achieve this goal, we consider how wireless signals interact when they interfere, and use this understanding in our system designs. Specifically, when interference occurs, the signals get mixed on the wireless medium. By understanding the parameters of this mixing, we can invert the mixing and decode the interfered packets; thus, making interference harmless. Furthermore, we can control this mixing process to create strategic interference that allow decodability at a particular receiver of interest, but prevent decodability at unintended receivers and adversaries. Hence, we can transform interference into a beneficial phenomenon that provides security. Building on this approach, we make four main contributions: We present the first WiFi receiver that can successfully reconstruct the transmitted information in the presence of packet collisions. Next, we introduce a WiFi receiver design that can decode in the presence of high-power cross-technology interference from devices like baby monitors, cordless phones, microwave ovens, or even unknown technologies. We then show how we can harness interference to improve security. In particular, we develop the first system that secures an insecure medical implant without any modification to the implant itself. Finally, we present a solution that establishes secure connections between any two WiFi devices, without having users enter passwords or use pre-shared secret keys.

The book is written in a cookbook style, presenting examples in the style of recipes, allowing you to go directly to your topic of interest, or follow topics throughout a chapter to gain in-depth knowledge. This book is for developers who want to build data-driven apps, or a line of business applications using the Windows Phone platform. It is also useful for developers on other mobile platforms looking to convert their apps to Windows Phone 7.5 Mango. Basic understanding of C#, XAML and Silverlight is required.

A thoroughly updated, comprehensive, and accessible guide to U.S. telecommunications law and policy, covering recent developments including mobile broadband issues, spectrum policy, and net neutrality. In Digital Crossroads, two experts on telecommunications policy offer a comprehensive and accessible analysis of the regulation of competition in the U.S. telecommunications industry. The first edition of Digital Crossroads (MIT Press, 2005) became an essential and uniquely readable guide for policymakers, lawyers, scholars, and students in a fast-moving and complex policy field. In this second edition, the authors have revised every section of every chapter to reflect the evolution in industry structure, technology, and regulatory strategy since 2005. The book features entirely new discussions of such topics as the explosive development of the mobile broadband ecosystem; incentive auctions and other recent spectrum policy initiatives; the FCC's net neutrality rules; the National Broadband Plan; the declining relevance of the traditional public switched telephone network; and the policy response to online video services and their potential to transform the way Americans watch television. Like its predecessor, this new edition of Digital Crossroads not only helps nonspecialists climb this field's formidable learning curve, but also makes substantive contributions to ongoing policy debates.

This book provides a comprehensive description of the Long Term Evolution (LTE) radio access network, as specified by 3GPP. The content is aimed towards anyone wishing to learn the basics, or to develop a more thorough understanding. The content is presented in the form of bullet points to keep it concise and to allow rapid access to the key information. Highlights include: - Complete text is presented as bullet points - Can be read with ease and in less time - Illustrations and tables support text - Content includes both introductory and advanced topics - Based upon the release 8, 9 and 10 versions of the 3GPP specifications - Detailed description of air-interface, bit rates and physical channels - Most important messages and signalling procedures explained - Idle mode and physical layer procedures presented - Practical radio network planning subjects addressed - Includes both FDD and TDD variants - LTE Advanced technologies presented - Voice over LTE solutions described

Think you have the next great Windows Phone app idea? The Windows Phone Application Sketch Book is an essential tool for any aspiring Windows Phone developer. This sketch book makes it easy to centralize and organize your ideas, featuring enlarged Windows Phone templates to write on. Professionally printed on high-quality paper, it has a total of 150 gridded templates for you to draft ideas and doodle designs while providing ample room to make notes and document the app name and screen name. This book is an invaluable tool for bringing your next great Windows Phone app idea to life What you'll learn* The Apress Windows Phone Application Sketch Book makes it easy to keep design ideas organized in one central place. * Includes 150 magnified templates for easy use, with plenty of room on the gridded page to jot notes and doodle designs. * This professional notepad gives your design a finished look from which to share ideas with colleagues and clients. Who this book is for Any aspiring Windows Phone developer.

Unleash the power of your new iPhone 4S or other iOS 5-driven iPhone and take it to the limit using powerful tips and techniques from the Apple experts at TUAW, Erica Sadun, Steve Sande, and Michel Grothaus. Fast and fun to read, Taking Your iPhone 4S to the Max shows you how to get the most out of your iPhone using Apple's new iOS 5. Whether you're using the new iPhone 4S or earlier iPhone that runs the new iOS 5, you'll find all the best undocumented tricks, as well as the most efficient and enjoyable introduction to the iPhone available. Starting with an introduction to iPhone basics, you'll quickly discover the iPhone's hidden potential, like how to connect to a TV, use Voice Control using Siri, have video chats with FaceTime, and call friends overseas with low-cost VoIP. From the unified e-mail inbox and surfing the Web with Mobile Safari, exploring the world of social networking, using the multitasking capabilities of iOS 5, taking and editing photos, shopping for apps, media, and books, or just managing phone calls--you'll find it all in this book. You'll even learn tips on where to get the best iPhone accessories.Get ready to take your iPhone 4S and earlier running the new iOS 5 to the max What you'll learn * Master the powerful multitasking capabilities of the new iPhone 4S and earlier iOS 5-enabled iPhones * Communicate with the world through FaceTime video chats, voice calls, SMS and MMS messaging, email, and social networking * Entertain yourself and friends with music, games, books, and videos--all in the palm of your hand * Customize your iPhone with your choice of hundreds of thousands of useful and fun apps Who this book is for Whether you use your iPhone for video chats with friends and relatives, playing games, keeping up with work, or capturing special moments in photos or video, we wrote this book with you in mind.Table of Contents SETUP 1: Selecting, Buying, and Activating Your iPhone 2: Putting Your Data and Media on Your iPhone MEET THE PHONE 3: Interacting with Your New iPhone 4: Placing Calls with iPhone GETTING ONLINE 5: Browsing with Wi-Fi and Safari 6: Staying in touch with FaceTime and Messages 7: Setting Up and Using Email MEDIA AND SHOPPING 8: Touching Your Music 9: Shopping at the Music Store 10: Shopping at the App Store 11: Reading and Buying Books with iBooks + Newstand PHOTOS, VIDEO AND THE CAMERA 12: Touching Your Photos and Videos (Photos, YouTube, Videos apps, AirPlay) 13: Recording the World Around You with the Camera ACCESSORIES 14: Staying On Time and Getting There with Clock, Calendar, and Maps 15: Leveraging Your Desk Set: Contacts, Calculator, Notes, Weather, Stocks, Voice Memos, and Reminders PREFERENCES 16: Customizing your iPhone (Settings & Accessibility)

Pitroda registered his first patent on the mobile wallet in 1994, and since then he and his colleague, Mehul Desai, have been traversing the world, taking this technology forward. Initially resistant to the idea of mobile money, the three stakeholders in mobile telephony - telecom companies, banks and merchants - are now realizing that it is crucial to their growth. All of them are now reinventing themselves for our mobile phones, and competing with each other to manage our lifestyles. For telecom companies, it is no longer about connectivity but about delivering personalized and secure services. For banks, it is no longer about deposits and lending but about the convergence of financial products and services; and for merchants, it is no longer about goods but goods bundled with services. For India, which has more mobile phone subscribers (over 470 million, with over ten million being added every month) than bank account holders, mobile money can be an engine for growth. It can also be a life-transforming technology for social good, empowering those at the bottom of the pyramid. Once again, India can show the way to the world.

A self-contained guide to the state-of-the-art in cooperative communications and networking techniques for next generation cellular wireless systems, this comprehensive book provides a succinct understanding of the theory, fundamentals and techniques involved in achieving efficient cooperative wireless communications in cellular wireless networks. It consolidates the essential information, addressing both theoretical and practical aspects of cooperative communications and networking in the context of cellular design. This one-stop resource covers the basics of cooperative communications techniques for cellular systems, advanced transceiver design, relay-based cellular networks, and game-theoretic and micro-economic models for protocol design in cooperative cellular wireless networks. Details of ongoing standardization activities are also included. With contributions from experts in the field divided into five distinct sections, this easy-to-follow book delivers the background needed to develop and implement cooperative mechanisms for cellular wireless networks. Professor Ekram Hossain discusses the book:

Have you ever wanted to learn text messaging lingo so you could decipher what your kids were text messaging to each other or have you ever wanted to become an expert in text messaging so you could send someone a quick message? Either way, this book is for you. This book will demystify the art of text messaging.
AYTMTB, because I care. IMHO, this book will be for the young and old alike. Cell phones and messaging shorthand is a thing of the future that everyone will be able to use. Need to send a short message to someone, but don't want to interrupt him or her at work or school? Send them a text message from your cell phone.
AYTMTB= And you're telling me this because
IMHO= In my humble opinion
BTW= By the way
What would you do if you received a text message that read: LTNS, PCML8r H&K. How would you answer back or could you? Text messages are generally limited to 160 characters so people started devising quick and efficient ways to send messages. Voila, text messaging shorthand. BTW, the message above reads; Long time no see, please call me later Hugs and kisses. We hope you enjoy learning text messaging as much as we enjoyed writing this book.

The book begins with an introduction to the subject and then moves on to describe the fundamentals of wireless communication including a brief description of different modulation techniques. The text includes coverage of second generation (2G) cellular network together with its two important implementation standards GSM & IS-95; it also discusses WLL and WLAN. In addition, it presents a variety of data services available in the domain of mobile computing with other relevant issues. Finally, it gives a brief on UMTS, a representative of the third generation (3G) of cellular networks. The fundamental tenets of mobile computing, such as mobility management, channel assignment, protocols at air interface, and system design are carefully covered for all categories of wireless networks described here. A perfect balance between theoretical aspects of mobile computing and its implementation standards has been maintained throughout the book. Many examples and exercises are included, which will help students prepare for examinations. The book is intended primarily for students of B.E./B.Tech. of Computer Science and Engineering, Information Technology, Electronics and Communication Engineering, and related disciplines. It will also be useful to the students of BCA/MCA and B.Sc./M.Sc. (Computer Science/Electronics).

The iPhone is cool, and the iPhone is fun, but the iPhone also means serious business. For those of you who bought your iPhones to help get your lives organized and free yourselves from the ball and chain of desktop computing, iPhone at Work: Productivity for Professionals is the book to show you how.

There are plenty of general-purpose iPhone guides, but iPhone at Work: Productivity for Professionals shows you how to complete all the traditional smartphone tasks, like to-do lists, calendars, and e-mail, and become much more efficient and productive at work. You'll learn mechanisms for developing effective workflows specific to the features of the iPhone and also efficient strategies for dealing with the specialized aspects of business and professional lifestyles.

From the introduction and throughout the book, author Ryan Faas targets professional users of the iPhone. You'll tour the built-in applications and configuration options, always with work and productivity in mind, and discover all of the enterprise features of the iPhone, learning how to configure and use each one.

Then discover the App Store: source of all third-party software. There's something a bit daunting about the dominance of games and frivolous apps on the best-seller lists, but there are serious business and vertical applications also available, and you'll learn about some of the best and how to take advantage of this wealth of add-on and very professional functionality.

And for those administrators with the special job of deploying lots of new iPhones across the enterprise, this book concludes with two appendixes that provide information and resources for companies. The first is intended for organizations looking to perform larger-scale iPhone or iPod touch deployments complete with device management. The second is geared for those companies that wish to develop an iPhone platformoriented infrastructure through the use of customized in-house applications and iPhone/iPod touchspecific web services. What you'll learn Purchase and configure an iPhone specifically for business Integrate built-in iPhone platform features into an everyday professional workflow Access enterprise-wide data and computing features Pick up specific tips for different professions Deploy the iPhone platform across groups both large and small Discover the secrets of iPhone platform customization and personalization Who this book is for

You already have or are considering the purchase of an iPhone. You know it's the coolest smartphone around, but you actually want to use it to make your professional life more efficient, more productive, and more fun Clearly, the iPhone has inherent uses for a broad range of professions including management, sales, medical/dental, legal, real estate, training and education, human resources, and information technology, so there are many of you. Some of you are novice mobile device users, others are highly experienced mobile pros. No matter, because every professional iPhone user across this continuum of experience wants to learn to work smarter, better, and more efficiently. This book shows you how to use your iPhone to do this. Table of Contents Buying and Activating Your iPhone Using Your iPhone for the First Time Getting Online Phone Home (Or Work, Clients, or Anyone Else) Texting and Media Messaging for a Living E-mail Calendar Contacts Microsoft Exchange and ActiveSync Photos and Video Web Browsing with Mobile Safari Getting Around Using Maps iPod and iTunes The Remaining Built-In Apps Understanding iPhone Applications and the App Store General Business Applications Apps for Specific Professions

While it may be a new concept for many readers, telephone interpreting has been successfully used to enable speakers of different languages to communicate for more than three decades. With time, the field has evolved to ensure that high levels of quality can be obtained, both in terms of connectivity and quality of interpretation. However, in spite of its 30-year history and widespread use throughout the world, very little has been written about telephone interpreting. In this, the first book devoted entirely to the subject, the author provides readers with long-awaited transparency and insight into the field, in order to promote the highest possible standards of quality. The publication serves as a practical guide for interpreters, a resource for educators, a reference text for researchers and a comprehensive handbook for consumers of interpreting services everywhere.
This book provides readers with a fascinating in-depth view into the world of remote interpretation via telephone. The first publication devoted exclusively to the topic, this book offers a wealth of information for interpreters, educators, training professionals and consumers of interpreting services within the realms of health care, legal services, public safety, finance, social services, insurance and numerous other industries where telephone interpreting services are used. Through the model code of ethics and standards of practice included in the book, readers can gain a better understanding of the levels of quality that can be obtained through telephone interpretation. Numerous role-play scenarios are also included to facilitate telephone interpreting practice.

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) networks have freed users from the tyranny of big telecom, allowing people to make phone calls over the Internet at very low or no cost. But while VoIP is easy and cheap, it's notoriously lacking in security. With minimal effort, hackers can eavesdrop on conversations, disrupt phone calls, change caller IDs, insert unwanted audio into existing phone calls, and access sensitive information. Hacking VoIP takes a dual approach to VoIP security, explaining its many security holes to hackers and administrators. If you're serious about security, and you either use or administer VoIP, you should know where VoIP's biggest weaknesses lie and how to shore up your security. And if your intellectual curiosity is leading you to explore the boundaries of VoIP, Hacking VoIP is your map and guidebook. Hacking VoIP will introduce you to every aspect of VoIP security, both in home and enterprise implementations. You'll learn about popular security assessment tools, t

Throughout his career, Alexander Graham Bell, one of the world's most famous inventors, was plagued by a secret: he stole the key idea behind the invention of the telephone. While researching at MIT, science journalist Seth Shulman scrutinized Bell's journals and within them found the smoking gun: a hint of deeply buried historical deception. Delving further into Bell's life, Shulman unearthed the surprising story behind the telephone, a tale of romance, corruption, and unchecked ambition.

Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. Get the most out of your iPhone by learning how to use all of its powerful capabilities Filled with tips, tricks, and shortcuts, this book shows you how to set up your iPhone, make calls, manage voicemail, and load contacts. But that's just the beginning. You'll also learn how to send and receive email, look up turn-by-turn directions, listen to music, plan your week, play videos, and so much more. Plus, you'll find out how to install third-party applications and even use your iPhone with different carriers. Now that you've got the hottest handheld on the market, take it to the limit with help from this hands-on guide. Activate your iPhone and modify settings Sync your data to your iPhone Organize contacts, make calls, and use voicemail Load and play music, podcasts, videos, and TV shows Send, receive, and manage email and SMS messages Browse the Internet with Safari Manage and sync appointments with the calendar Take pictures and view photos Navigate using Google Maps Get weather forecasts, YouTube videos, and stock information instantly Troubleshoot and maintain your iPhone Hack your iPhone to install third-party applications Unlock your iPhone for use with different carriers

This popular book was updated in 2013 just thirteen years after the death of the glamourous film star Hedy Lamarr. She was a famous Hollywood star and the first woman to appear naked on film. George Antheil was a piano player and composer. So just how did these two come to invent the latest technology used by the mobile phone? Or did they? She was labelled 'the most beautiful girl in the world' and he 'the bad boy of music' yet way back in 1942 they took out a patent covering the vital radio technique that we now call spread spectrum.

This absorbing book traces the eventful and sometimes scandalous lives of Hedy and George. It tells the fascinating story of radio and the ongoing battle to make it secure and of similar quality to wired communication. Spread spectrum emerged from that battle to become the solution of choice for anything from mobile phones to wireless computer networks.

Emissions from mobile sources contribute significantly to air pollution in the United States. Such sources include cars and light- and heavy-duty trucks; diesel-powered cranes, bulldozers, and tractors; and equipment such as lawnmowers that run on small gasoline engines. The role of state versus federal government in establishing mobile-source emissions standards is an important environmental management issue. With this in mind, Congress called on EPA to arrange an independent study of the practices and procedures by which California develops separate emissions standards from the federal government and other states choose to adopt the California standards. The report provides an assessment of the scientific and technical procedures used by states to develop or adopt different emissions standards and a comparison of those policies and practices with those used by EPA. It also considers the impacts of state emissions standards on various factors including compliance costs and emissions. The report concludes that, despite the substantial progress in reducing emissions from mobile sources nationwide, more needs to be done to attain federal air-quality standards in many parts of the country. Additionally, California should continue its pioneering role in setting emissions standards for cars, trucks, and off-road equipment. Table of Contents Front Matter Summary 1 Introduction 2 Air Quality, Emissions, and Health Impacts Overview 3 Regulation of Emissions from New Mobile Sources 4 Co-evolution of Technology and Emissions Standards 5 Assessment of Different Approaches to Setting Mobile-Source Standards 6 Light-Duty-Vehicle Emissions Standards 7 Other Case Studies 8 Recommendations References Glossary Abbreviations Appendix A Biographical Information on the Committee on State Practices in Setting Mobile Source Emissions Standards Appendix B Acronyms and Names Used for Classifying Organic Compounds Appendix C Summary of Milestones in CARB Mobile Source Emissions Regulations and Comparison with EPA Appendix D Statutory Sections Relevant to the Regulation of New Mobile Source Emissions Appendix E Public Workshop Presentations

Wireless Messaging
* It’s “instant messaging” anywhere you go
* For cell phones, PDAs and pagers
* Great for corporate and individual users alike
* Less expensive than phone calls
* A worldwide success story!

UNDERSTAND WHY WIRELESS MESSAGING IS THE NEXT COMMUNICATIONS PHENOMENON

A booming worldwide craze—with more than 850 million messages exchanged during one month in the U.K. alone—wireless messaging, like SMS, EMS, and MMS, is now ready to conquer the U.S. market. This guide for telecom professionals tells you what you want to know about wireless messaging without getting mired in technical details. From mobile e-commerce applications, technical and architectural components, and the standards that have made SMS a success abroad, Wireless Messaging Demystified provides the vital details you want.

You must read this book if—
* You want the hows, whys, and wherefores of i-mode’s conquest of Japan and SMS’s triumph around the globe
* You need to know how SMS fits with IM and other emerging wireless messaging technologies
* You want to discover profitable mobile e-commerce applications from automatic meter reading to getting a soda from a vending machine
* You desire details on development, implementation, and rollout of EMS and MMS for the general population and the enterprise
* You require answers on privacy, and how 3G will impact wireless messaging
* You can’t get enough information on the newest trends transforming wireless communications

The easiest way to investigate why wireless messaging is one of the biggest communications successes ever, Wireless Messaging Demystified is the only guide you need to fully understand everything about instant messaging, mobile commerce, and wireless location-based services.

OSI IN THE VOICE ENVIRONMENT

HERE’S STRAIGHTFORWARD EXPLANATIONS OF THE OSI LAYERS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO TELECOM SERVICE AND EQUIPMENT. WHETHER YOU NEED ANWERS ON HARDWARE, SOFTWARE, ERROR CONTROL OR INTERFACES, LOOK INSIDE FOR BASIC FACTS AND HOW TO MANAGE THOSE CRITICAL “SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES”

The OSI (Open System Interconnection) Reference Model is a cornerstone of modern network design. Although the OSI model has become almost synonymous with data communications, it serves the public switched telephone network (PSTN) as well and is a productive way to organize and teach the building blocks of telecom systems.

In OSI Reference Model for Telecommunications, hands-on expert Debbra Wetteroth provides telecom staffers the information they need to gain a working knowledge of this essential telecom service architecture and equipment. Her style that breaks down the barriers between data and voice vocabularies. This quick reference to the OSI model puts the data you need everyday at your fingertips.

Look inside for an understandable schematics of:

* Mapping PSTN functions to OSI

* The basics of successful data transmissions

* What OSI is and does

* The components that make up OSI

* OSI “common knowledge” (the kind that’s not always so common), such as numbering system, signaling rates, and noise distortion data

* A detailed description of Layers 1 to 3 and a thorough review of the Transport Layer. For each layer, you’ll learn roles, functions, definitions, and more

This unique volume will prove invaluable to telecommunications technicians, field supervisors, switch managers, network analysts, network designers, and anyone else who needs detailed explanation of the many components of OSI.

We live in a world where social interaction is increasingly mediated by technological devices. In this book, Ian Hutchby explores the impact these technologies have on our attempts to communicate. Focusing on four examples - telephones, computerized expert systems at work, speech-based systems dealing with enquiries from the public, and multi-user spaces on the Internet - Hutchby asks: are we increasingly technologized conversationalists, or is technology increasingly conversationalized?

"Conversation and Technology" draws on recent theory and empirical research in conversation analysis, ethnomethodology and the social construction of technology. In novel contributions to each of these areas, Hutchby argues that the ways in which we interact can be profoundly shaped by technological media, while at the same time we ourselves are shapers of both the cultural and interactional properties of these technologies.

The book begins by examining a variety of theoretical perspectives on this issue. Hutchby offers a critical appraisal of recent sociological thinking, which has tended to over-estimate society's influence on technological development. Instead he calls for a new appreciation of the relationship between human communication and technology. Using a range of case studies to illustrate his argument, Hutchby explores the multiplicity of ways in which technology affects our ordinary conversational practices.

Readers in areas as diverse as sociology, communication studies, psychology, computer science and management studies will find much of interest in this account of the human and communicative properties of various forms of modern communication technology.