In this title, the authors leap into a novel paradigm of scalability and cost-effectiveness, on the basis of resource reuse. In a world with much abundance of wirelessly accessible devices, WSN deployments should capitalize on the resources already available in the region of deployment, and only augment it with the components required to meet new application requirements. However, if the required resources already exist in that region, WSN deployment converges to an assignment and scheduling scheme to accommodate for the new application given the existing resources. Such resources are polled from many fields, including multiple WSNs already in the field, static networks (WiFi, WiMAX, cellular, etc) in addition to municipal, industrial and mobile resources.The architecture, framework and pricing policy, as well as approaches for backward compatibility with existing deployments, are presented in this book. We elaborate on the formalization of the problem, and contrast with existing work on coverage. This paradigm adopts optimal assignments in WSNs and exploits dynamic re-programming for boosting post-deployment and backward compatible protocols.

Although valued for its ability to allow teams to collaborate and foster coalitional behaviors among the participants, game theory s application to networking systems is not without challenges. Distributed Strategic Learning for Wireless Engineers illuminates the promise of learning in dynamic games as a tool for analyzing network evolution and underlines the potential pitfalls and difficulties likely to be encountered.

Establishing the link between several theories, this book demonstrates what is needed to learn strategic interaction in wireless networks under uncertainty, randomness, and time delays. It addresses questions such as:

• How much information is enough for effective distributed decision making?
• Is having more information always useful in terms of system performance?
• What are the individual learning performance bounds under outdated and imperfect measurement?
• What are the possible dynamics and outcomes if the players adopt different learning patterns?
• If convergence occurs, what is the convergence time of heterogeneous learning?
• What are the issues of hybrid learning?
• How can one develop fast and efficient learning schemes in scenarios where some players have more information than the others?
• What is the impact of risk-sensitivity in strategic learning systems?
• How can one construct learning schemes in a dynamic environment in which one of the players do not observe a numerical value of its own-payoffs but only a signal of it?
• How can one learn "unstable" equilibria and global optima in a fully distributed manner?

The book provides an explicit description of how players attempt to learn over time about the game and about the behavior of others. It focuses on finite and infinite systems, where the interplay among the individual adjustments undertaken by the different players generates different learning dynamics, heterogeneous learning, risk-sensitive learning, and hybrid dynamics.

This book focuses on broadband power amplifier design for wireless communication. Nonlinear model embedding is described as a powerful tool for designing broadband continuous Class-J and continuous class F power amplifiers. The authors also discuss various techniques for extending bandwidth of load modulation based power amplifiers, such as Doherty power amplifier and Chireix outphasing amplifiers. The book also covers recent trends on digital as well as analog techniques to enhance bandwidth and linearity in wireless transmitters. Presents latest trends in designing broadband power amplifiers; Covers latest techniques for using nonlinear model embedding in designing power amplifiers based on waveform engineering; Describes the latest techniques for extending bandwidth of load modulation based power amplifiers such as Doherty power amplifier and Chireix outphasing amplifiers; Includes coverage of hybrid analog/digital predistortion as wideband solution for wireless transmitters; Discusses recent trends on on-chip power amplifier design with GaN /GaAs MMICs for high frequency applications.

A comprehensive reference book codifying the various standards releases for High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) wireless technology HSPA evolution has maintained its prominence through Releases 7-11 but the evolution is coming to an end with Release 12, with the focus moving to LTE. However, HSPA network and terminal sales will continue for many years: HSPA is expected to remain as the number one radio access technology from the sales point of view far beyond 2015. This timely book examines the complete HSPA evolution, and will be the ultimate long term reference for HSPA evolution. Headed by the successful editing team of Holma, Toskala and Tapia, industry experts look at HSPA evolution including complete Release 11 and the main additions in Release 12. They describe 3GPP definitions, field measurement, expected performance, practical optimization guidelines and the implications to the devices and to the networks. The book also covers MIMO antenna solutions and multicarrier evolution to provide higher data rates. Dedicated chapters include Continuous Packet Connectivity and High Speed Common Channels which provide major improvement to the smartphone capacity, end user performance and power consumption. The book assumes basic understanding of mobile communications yet the material is presented in an understandable way which can be enjoyed without any pre-information about MIMO or other technology solutions. * A comprehensive reference book codifying the various standards releases for High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) wireless technology * Leading editor and contributor team focusing their expertise on 3GPP features and performance, including Self Organizing Networks, LTE Interworking, Smartphone Optimization and Voice Evolution * Dedicated chapter covering VoIP over HSPA, recognizing that telephony will continue to bring most of the revenues to mobile operators in the near future * Includes tables, figures and plots illustrating the concepts or simulation results, to aid readers understanding of the topic An essential resource for R&D engineers by network, terminal and chip set vendors, network engineers with operators, application developers, regulators.

This book is the world's first book on 6G Mobile Wireless Networks that aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of key drivers, use cases, research requirements, challenges and open issues that are expected to drive 6G research. In this book, we have invited world-renowned experts from industry and academia to share their thoughts on different aspects of 6G research. Specifically, this book covers the following topics: 6G Use Cases, Requirements, Metrics and Enabling Technologies, PHY Technologies for 6G Wireless, Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface for 6G Wireless Networks, Millimeter-wave and Terahertz Spectrum for 6G Wireless, Challenges in Transport Layer for Tbit/s Communications, High-capacity Backhaul Connectivity for 6G Wireless, Cloud Native Approach for 6G Wireless Networks, Machine Type Communications in 6G, Edge Intelligence and Pervasive AI in 6G, Blockchain: Foundations and Role in 6G, Role of Open-source Platforms in 6G, and Quantum Computing and 6G Wireless. The overarching aim of this book is to explore the evolution from current 5G networks towards the future 6G networks from a service, air interface and network perspective, thereby laying out a vision for 6G networks. This book not only discusses the potential 6G use cases, requirements, metrics and enabling technologies, but also discusses the emerging technologies and topics such as 6G PHY technologies, reconfigurable intelligent surface, millimeter-wave and THz communications, visible light communications, transport layer for Tbit/s communications, high-capacity backhaul connectivity, cloud native approach, machine-type communications, edge intelligence and pervasive AI, network security and blockchain, and the role of open-source platform in 6G. This book provides a systematic treatment of the state-of-the-art in these emerging topics and their role in supporting a wide variety of verticals in the future. As such, it provides a comprehensive overview of the expected applications of 6G with a detailed discussion of their requirements and possible enabling technologies. This book also outlines the possible challenges and research directions to facilitate the future research and development of 6G mobile wireless networks.

This book covers advances and applications of smart technologies including the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence, and deep learning in areas such as manufacturing, production, renewable energy, and healthcare. It also covers wearable and implantable biomedical devices for healthcare monitoring, smart surveillance, and monitoring applications such as the use of an autonomous drone for disaster management and rescue operations. It will serve as an ideal reference text for senior undergraduate, graduate students, and academic researchers in the areas such as electrical engineering, electronics and communications engineering, computer engineering, and information technology. * Covers concepts, theories, and applications of artificial intelligence and deep learning, from the perspective of the Internet of Things. * Discusses powers predictive analysis, predictive maintenance, and automated processes for making manufacturing plants more efficient, profitable, and safe. * Explores the importance of blockchain technology in the Internet of Things security issues. * Discusses key deep learning concepts including trust management, identity management, security threats, access control, and privacy. * Showcases the importance of intelligent algorithms for cloud-based Internet of Things applications. This text emphasizes the importance of innovation and improving the profitability of manufacturing plants using smart technologies such as artificial intelligence, deep learning, and the Internet of Things. It further discusses applications of smart technologies in diverse sectors such as agriculture, smart home, production, manufacturing, transport, and healthcare.

This book offers a technical background to the design and optimization of wireless communication systems, covering optimization algorithms for wireless and 5G communication systems design. The book introduces the design and optimization systems which target capacity, latency, and connection density; including Enhanced Mobile Broadband Communication (eMBB), Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communication (URLL), and Massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC). The book is organized into two distinct parts: Part I, mathematical methods and optimization algorithms for wireless communications are introduced, providing the reader with the required mathematical background. In Part II, 5G communication systems are designed and optimized using the mathematical methods and optimization algorithms.

In the past several years, there has been an increasing trend in the use of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) as well as in the integration of both systems due to their complementary nature, flexible combination, and the demand for ubiquitous computing. As always, adequate security remains one of the open areas of concern before wide deployment of RFID and WSNs can be achieved. Security in RFID and Sensor Networks is the first book to offer a comprehensive discussion on the security challenges and solutions in RFID, WSNs, and integrated RFID and WSNs, providing an essential reference for those who regularly interface with these versatile technologies. Exposes Security Risks The book begins with a discussion of current security issues that threaten the effective use of RFID technology. The contributors examine multi-tag systems, relay attacks, authentication protocols, lightweight cryptography, and host of other topics related to RFID safety. The book then shifts the focus to WSNs, beginning with a background in sensor network security before moving on to survey intrusion detection, malicious node detection, jamming, and other issues of concern to WSNs and their myriad of applications. Offers Viable Solutions In each chapter, the contributors propose effective solutions to the plethora of security challenges that confront users, offering practical examples to aid in intuitive understanding. The last part of the book reviews the security problems inherent in integrated RFID & WSNs. The book ends with a glimpse of the future possibilities in these burgeoning technologies and provides recommendations for the proactive design of secure wireless embedded systems.

"A Smart Network Solution to Crowded Bandwidth"

Fueled by ongoing and increasing consumer demand, the explosive growth in spectrum-based communications continues to tax the finite resources of the available spectrum. One possible solution, Cognitive Radio Network (CRN), allows unlicensed users opportunistic access to licensed bands without interfering with existing users. Although some initial study has been conducted in this field, researchers need a systematic reference book that presents clear definitions, functions, and current challenges of the CRNs. Cognitive Radio Networks presents state-of-the-art approaches and novel technologies for cognitive wireless radio networks and sheds light on future developments in these areas.

Comprising the contributions of many prominent world-wide cognitive radio researchers, this book covers all CRN essentials including spectrum sensing, spectrum handoff, spectrum sharing, and CRN routing schemes. Divided into five parts, the book addresses the physical layer, medium access control, the routing layer, cross-layer considerations and advanced topics in cognitive radio networks. The chapters also review research, management, support, and cognitive techniques such as position and network awareness, infrastructure and physical and link layer concerns.

The editors of this volume are noted experts in the field of wireless networks and security. Dr. Yang Xiao's research has been supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF), U.S. Army Research, Fleet & Industrial Supply Center San Diego (FISCSD), and the University of Alabama's Research Grants Committee. Dr. Fei Hu has worked with NSF, Cisco, Lockheed Martin, Sprint, and otherorganizations. By bringing together the combined input of international experts, these editors have advanced the field of this nascent technology and helped to forge new paths of discovery for progressive communications possibilities.

Globalization of Mobile and Wireless Communications is a collection of cutting-edge research in mobile and wireless communications with impact on developments as far forward as 2020 and beyond. The book draws upon the insights and performed research work of leading experts in the field. Topics of discussion are related but not limited to spectrum-efficient radio interface technologies, enabling technologies for reconfigurability, wireless sensor networks, cognitive networks, coherent wireless transmission, algorithmic design, middleware for novel services and applications. The material has been edited to provide a vision for the future of mobile and wireless, towards a dynamic communication system that breaks down the barriers between communications means; and evolves and integrates business models and culture to match the technological evolution. In addition, strategies on how to overcome the technological challenges for achieving that vision are also outlined.

IEEE 802.11ba Discover the latest developments in IEEE 802.11ba and Wake-up Radios In IEEE 802.11ba: Ultra-Low Power Wake-up Radio Standard, expert engineers Drs. Steve Shellhammer, Alfred Asterjadhi, and Yanjun Sun deliver a detailed discussion of the IEEE 802.11ba standard. The book begins by explaining the concept of a wake-up radio (WUR) and how it fits into the overall 802.11 standard, as well as how a WUR saves power and extends battery life. The authors go on to describe the medium access control (MAC) layer in detail and then talk about the various protocols used to negotiate WUR operation, its uses for different functionalities (like wake up of the main radio, discovery, synchronization, and security). The book offers a detailed description of the physical (PHY) layer packet construction and the rationale for the design, as well as the various design aspects of the medium access control layer. It also includes: A thorough introduction to the motivations driving the development of the WUR in 802.11 Practical overviews of IEEE 802.11, including the basic concepts of 802.11 (the PHY and MAC) and background material on current low power modes Comprehensive discussions of the physical layer and PHY layer performance, including the generic receiver, the PPDU, Transmit Diversity, and the FDMA mode In-depth examinations of the medium access layer and its frame designs Perfect for professional wireless engineers, IEEE 802.11ba: Ultra-Low Power Wake-up Radio Standard will also earn a place in the libraries of academics and students researching and studying in fields involving wireless communications.

This book is a collection of best selected research papers presented at the Conference on Machine Learning, Deep Learning and Computational Intelligence for Wireless Communication (MDCWC 2020) held during October 22nd to 24th 2020, at the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, India. The presented papers are grouped under the following topics (a) Machine Learning, Deep learning and Computational intelligence algorithms (b)Wireless communication systems and (c) Mobile data applications and are included in the book. The topics include the latest research and results in the areas of network prediction, traffic classification, call detail record mining, mobile health care, mobile pattern recognition, natural language processing, automatic speech processing, mobility analysis, indoor localization, wireless sensor networks (WSN), energy minimization, routing, scheduling, resource allocation, multiple access, power control, malware detection, cyber security, flooding attacks detection, mobile apps sniffing, MIMO detection, signal detection in MIMO-OFDM, modulation recognition, channel estimation, MIMO nonlinear equalization, super-resolution channel and direction-of-arrival estimation. The book is a rich reference material for academia and industry.

This book presents novel RIS-Based Smart Radio techniques, targeting at achieving high-quality channel links in cellular communications via design and optimization of the RIS construction. Unlike traditional antenna arrays, three unique characteristics of the RIS will be revealed in this book. First, the built-in programmable configuration of the RIS enables analog beamforming inherently without extra hardware or signal processing. Second, the incident signals can be controlled to partly reflect and partly transmit through the RIS simultaneously, adding more flexibility to signal transmission. Third, the RIS has no digital processing capability to actively send signals nor any radio frequency (RF) components. As such, it is necessary to develop novel channel estimation and communication protocols, design joint digital and RIS-based analog beamforming schemes and perform interference control via mixed reflection and transmission. This book also investigates how to integrate the RIS to legacy communication systems. RIS techniques are further investigated in this book (benefited from its ability to actively shape the propagation environment) to achieve two types of wireless applications, i.e., RF sensing and localization. The influence of the sensing objectives on the wireless signal propagation can be potentially recognized by the receivers, which are then utilized to identify the objectives in RF sensing. Unlike traditional sensing techniques, RIS-aided sensing can actively customize the wireless channels and generate a favorable massive number of independent paths interacting with the sensing objectives. It is desirable to design RIS-based sensing algorithms, and optimize RIS configurations. For the second application, i.e., RIS aided localization, an RIS is deployed between the access point (AP) and users. The AP can then analyze reflected signals from users via different RIS configurations to obtain accurate locations of users. However, this is a challenging task due to the dynamic user topology, as well as the mutual influence between multiple users and the RIS. Therefore, the operations of the RIS, the AP, and multiple users need to be carefully coordinated. A new RIS-based localization protocol for device cooperation and an RIS configuration optimization algorithm are also required. This book targets researchers and graduate-level students focusing on communications and networks. Signal processing engineers, computer and information scientists, applied mathematicians and statisticians, who work in RIS research and development will also find this book useful.

This book presents architectural solutions of wireless network and its variations. It basically deals with modeling, analysis, design and enhancement of different architectural parts of wireless network. The main aim of this book is to enhance the applications of wireless network by reducing and controlling its architectural issues. The book discusses efficiency and robustness of wireless network as a platform for communication and data transmission and also discusses some challenges and security issues such as limited hardware resources, unreliable communication, dynamic topology of some wireless networks, vulnerability and unsecure environment. This book is edited for users, academicians and researchers of wireless network. Broadly, topics include modeling of security enhancements, optimization model for network lifetime, modeling of aggregation systems and analyzing of troubleshooting techniques.

This book presents best selected research papers presented at the First International Conference on Integrated Intelligence Enable Networks and Computing (IIENC 2020), held from May 25 to May 27, 2020, at the Institute of Technology, Gopeshwar, India (Government Institute of Uttarakhand Government and affiliated to Uttarakhand Technical University). The book includes papers in the field of intelligent computing. The book covers the areas of machine learning and robotics, signal processing and Internet of things, big data and renewable energy sources.

This book provides the details of developing a digital pedestrian map construction system over the intermittently connected mobile network. Over the past couple of decades, countries across the world, both developing and developed, have witnessed a significant number of disasters. Thus, it has become mandatory for each of the disaster-prone countries to equip themselves with appropriate measures to cope with the challenges of providing post-disaster services. Some of the serious challenges are incapacitated communication infrastructure, unstable power supply and inaccessible road networks. Out of these challenges, the destruction of road networks, especially in developing countries, acts as a major hindrance to effective disaster management. To be more specific, the success of a disaster response operation generally depends on the speed of evacuation and transportation of adequate amount of relief materials at the right time to the disaster-affected areas. Hence, map-based navigation support is a primary requirement for post-disaster relief operations. This book also provides the solution of the two other important post-disaster management services such as situational awareness and resource allocation. Both of these services are invariably dependent on the existence of navigation support. Finally, in order to offer such services, the other challenge is to address the problem of incapacitated communication infrastructure. This book also deals with such challenges in post-disaster scenarios and develops automated post-disaster management services.

The purpose of this book is to review the recent advances in E-health technologies and applications. In particular, the book investigates the recent advancements in physical design of medical devices, signal processing and emergent wireless technologies for E-health. In a second part, novel security and privacy solutions for IoT-based E-health applications are presented. The last part of the book is focused on applications, data mining and data analytics for E-health using artificial intelligence and cloud infrastructure. E-health has been an evolving concept since its inception, due to the numerous technologies that can be adapted to offer new innovative and efficient E-health applications. Recently, with the tremendous advancement of wireless technologies, sensors and wearable devices and software technologies, new opportunities have arisen and transformed the E-health field. Moreover, with the expansion of the Internet of Things, and the huge amount of data that connected E-health devices and applications are generating, it is also mandatory to address new challenges related to the data management, applications management and their security. Through this book, readers will be introduced to all these concepts. This book is intended for all practitioners (industrial and academic) interested in widening their knowledge in wireless communications and embedded technologies applied to E-health, cloud computing, artificial intelligence and big data for E-health applications and security issues in E-health.

This reference text discusses advances in wireless communication, design challenges, and future research directions to design reliable wireless communication. The text discusses emerging technologies including wireless sensor networks, Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing, mm-Wave, Massive MIMO, cognitive radios (CR), visible light communication (VLC), wireless optical communication, signal processing, and channel modeling. The text covers artificial intelligence-based applications in wireless communication, machine learning techniques and challenges in wireless sensor networks, and deep learning for channel and bandwidth estimation during optical wireless communication. The text will be useful for senior undergraduate, graduate students, and professionals in the fields of electrical engineering, and electronics and communication engineering.

This book comprises the peer-reviewed proceedings of the International Conference on Communications, Signal Processing and VLSI (IC2SV) 2019. It explores the recent advances in the fields of signal and image processing, wireless and mobile communications, embedded systems, VLSI, microwave, and antennas. The contents provide insights into present technological challenges and discusses the emerging applications of different imaging techniques and communications systems. Given the range of topics covered, this book can be useful for students as well as researchers interested in the area of communications, signal processing, and VLSI technologies.

This book comprises select peer-reviewed papers from the International Conference on VLSI, Signal Processing, Power Electronics, IoT, Communication and Embedded Systems (VSPICE-2020). The book provides insights into various aspects of the emerging fields in the areas Electronics and Communication Engineering as a holistic approach. The various topics covered in this book include VLSI, embedded systems, signal processing, communication, power electronics and internet of things. This book mainly focuses on the most recent innovations, trends, concerns and practical challenges and their solutions. This book will be useful for academicians, professionals and researchers in the area of electronics and communications and electrical engineering.

Sensor networks differ from traditional networks in many aspects including their limited energy, memory space, and computational capability. These differentiators create unique security vulnerabilities. Security in Sensor Networks covers all aspects of the subject, serving as an invaluable reference for researchers, educators, and practitioners in the field. Containing thirteen invited chapters from internationally recognized security experts, this volume details attacks, encryption, authentication, watermarking, key management, secure routing, and secure aggregation, location, and cross-layer. It offers insight into attacking and defending routing mechanisms in ad hoc and sensor networks, and analyzes MAC layer attacks in 802.15.4 sensor networks. About the Author Before joining the Department of Computer Science at the University of Alabama in 2006, and his prior position at the University of Memphis in 2002, Dr. Yang Xiao was an accomplished Medium Access Control (MAC) architect deeply involved in IEEE 802.11 standard enhancement. A former voting member of IEEE 802.11 Working Group, he serves as editor or on the editorial boards of numerous prestigious journals that cover emerging topics within mobile and wireless computing. A co-editor of seven books, he also serves as a referee/reviewer for many funding agencies, as well as a panelist for the National Science Foundation.

This book presents best selected papers presented at the International Conference on Emerging Wireless Communication Technologies and Information Security (EWCIS 2020), held from 8th & 9th October 2020 at Amity University Jharkhand, Ranchi, India. The book includes papers in the research area of wireless communications and intelligent systems, signal and image processing in engineering applications, data communication and information security, IoT and cloud computing. The contribution ranges from scientists, engineers and technologists from academia as well as from industry.

This book highlights the design principles of ground based radio-navigation systems used in solving navigation tasks in the airfield and on air routes. Mathematical correlations are illustrated that describe its operation, peculiarities of disposition, main technical characteristics, generalized structural diagrams as well as the inter-operation with onboard equipment. Examples of building, construction, functional diagrams, and characteristics of Russian made radio-navigation systems are discussed. This book is written for students of electronics and aviation disciplines. It can also be useful for aviation specialists as well as for those interested in air radio-navigation.

Energy efficiency issues for green internet of things (IoT) are investigated in this book, from the perspectives of device-to-device (D2D) communications, machine-to-machine (M2M) communications, and air-ground networks. Specifically, critical green IoT techniques from D2D communications in the cellular network to M2M communications in industrial IoT (IIoT), (from single physical-layer optimization to cross-layer optimization, and from single-layer ground networks to stereoscopic air-ground networks) are discussed in both theoretical problem formulation and simulation result analysis in this book. Internet of Things (IoT) offers a platform that enables sensors and devices to connect seamlessly in an intelligent environment, thus providing intelligence services including monitoring systems, industrial automation, and ultimately smart cities. However, the huge potentials of IoT are constrained by high energy consumption, limited battery capacity, and the slow progress of battery technology. The high energy consumption of IoT device causes communication interruption, information loss, and short network lifetime. Moreover, once deployed, the batteries inside IoT devices cannot be replaced in time. Therefore, energy efficient resource allocation is urgent to be investigated to improve the energy efficiency of IoT, facilitate green IoT, and extend the network lifetime. This book provides readers with a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art key technologies, frameworks, related optimization algorithms, and corresponding integrated designs on green IoT. It also presents an easy-to-understand style in a professional manner, making the book suitable for a wider range of readers from students to professionals interested in the green IoT.

This book focuses primarily on the nature-inspired approach for designing smart applications. It includes several implementation paradigms such as design and path planning of wireless network, security mechanism and implementation for dynamic as well as static nodes, learning method of cloud computing, data exploration and management, data analysis and optimization, decision taking in conflicting environment, etc. The book fundamentally highlights the recent research advancements in the field of engineering and science.