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The Economics of Child Labour (Hardcover)
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The Economics of Child Labour (Hardcover)
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Children throughout the world are engaged in a great number of
activities classifiable as work. These range from relatively
harmless, even laudable, activities like helping parents in their
domestic chores, to morally and physically dangerous ones like
soldiering and prostitution. If we leave out the former, we are
left with what are generally called "economic" activities. Only a
small minority, less than 4 percent of all working children, are
estimated to be engaged in what ILO defines as the "unconditional"
worst forms of child labour. The absolute number of children
estimated to be engaged in the latter is, however, a stunning 8.4
million. Should we only be concerned about the worst forms of child
labour? Most forms of child labour other than the worst ones have
valuable learning-by-doing elements. Furthermore, child labour
produces current income. If the family is credit rationed, child
labour relaxes the liquidity constraint and increases current
consumption. There is thus a trade-off between present and future
consumption. To the extent that current consumption has a positive
effect on future health (hence, on the child's future earning
capacity and, more generally, utility), this trade-off may be lower
than one might think. This book provides a blend of theory,
empirical analysis and policy discussion. The first three chapters
develop a fairly comprehensive theory of child labour, and related
variables such as fertility, and infant mortality. Chapter 4,
concerned with the effects of trade, contains both theory and
cross-country empirical evidence. The remaining chapters are
country studies, aimed at illustrating and testing different
aspects of the theory in different geographical contexts. These
chapters apply the latest developments in microeconometric
methodology for dealing with endogeneity, unobserved heterogeneity,
and the evaluation of public intervention.
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