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Clinical Applications of Immunotoxins (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1998)
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Clinical Applications of Immunotoxins (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1998)
Series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, 234
Expected to ship within 10 - 15 working days
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1 2 D. FITZGERALDI, I. PASTAN , and J. ROBERTUS Introduction . . .
. . . . . . . . . . I 2 Toxin Structure-Function Properties 2 2. 1
Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. 2
Binding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3
Intracellular Processing - Cleavage and Reduction . . . . . . 4 3.
1 Cytosolic Activity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4
Immunotoxin Design and Testing. 6 5 Conclusion. . 8 References. . .
. . 8 1 Introduction While various treatment approaches for cancer
include reversal of the transformed phenotype, stimulation of
immune responses, inhibition of metastatic spread and deprivation
of key nutrients, the goal of immunotoxin treatment is the direct
killing of malignant cells. Because they are enzymatic proteins
that act catalytically to kill cells, bacterial and plant toxins
are often employed as the cell-killing component of immunotoxins.
Here we provide background information into the structure-func tion
relationships of toxins and discuss how they can be combined with
cell-binding antibodies or other ligands to generate immunotoxins.
Bacterial and plant toxins (e. g. , diphtheria toxin, Pseudomonas
exotoxin and ricin) are among the most toxic substances known.
However, because they bind to cell surface receptors that are
present on most normal cells, unmodified toxins are generally
useless as anti-cancer agents. To convert toxins into more
selective agents, their binding domains are either eliminated or
disabled and replaceq with cell binding antibodies that are
tumor-selective.
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