Spiritualism emerged in western New York in 1848 and soon
achieved a wide following due to its claim that the living could
commune with the dead. In "Haunted Visions: Spiritualism and
American Art," Charles Colbert focuses on the ways Spiritualism
imbued the making and viewing of art with religious meaning and, in
doing so, draws fascinating connections between art and faith in
the Victorian age.Examining the work of such well-known American
artists as James Abbott McNeill Whistler, William Sydney Mount, and
Robert Henri, Colbert demonstrates that Spiritualism played a
critical role in the evolution of modern attitudes toward
creativity. He argues that Spiritualism made a singular
contribution to the sanctification of art that occurred in the
latter half of the nineteenth century. The faith maintained that
spiritual energies could reside in objects, and thus works of art
could be appreciated not only for what they illustrated but also as
vessels of the psychic vibrations their creators impressed into
them. Such beliefs sanctified both the making and collecting of art
in an era when Darwinism and Positivism were increasingly
disenchanting the world and the efforts to represent it. In this
context, Spiritualism endowed the artist's profession with the
prestige of a religious calling; in doing so, it sought not to
replace religion with art, but to make art a site where religion
happened.
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