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Race and Empire - Eugenics in Colonial Kenya (Paperback)
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Race and Empire - Eugenics in Colonial Kenya (Paperback)
Series: Studies in Imperialism
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Race and empire tells the story of a short-lived but vehement
eugenics movement that emerged among a group of Europeans in Kenya
in the 1930s, unleashing a set of writings on racial differences in
intelligence more extreme than that emanating from any other
British colony in the twentieth century. The Kenyan eugenics
movement of the 1930s adapted British ideas to the colonial
environment: in all its extremity, Kenyan eugenics was not simply a
bizarre and embarrassing colonial mutation, as it was later
dismissed, but a logical extension of British eugenics in a
colonial context. By tracing the history of eugenic thought in
Kenya, the books shows how the movement took on a distinctive
colonial character, driven by settler political preoccupations and
reacting to increasingly outspoken African demands for better, and
more independent, education. The economic fragility of Kenya in the
early 1930s made the eugenicists particularly dependent on British
financial support. Ultimately, the suspicious response of the
Colonial Office and the Prime Minister, Ramsay MacDonald, backed up
by a growing expert concern about race in science, led to the
failure of Kenyan eugenics to gain the necessary British backing.
Despite this lack of concrete success, eugenic theories on race and
intelligence were widely supported by the medical profession in
Kenya, as well as powerful members of the official and non-official
European settler population. The long-term failures of the eugenics
movement should not blind us to its influence among the social and
administrative elite of colonial Kenya. Through a close examination
of attitudes towards race and intelligence in a British colony,
Race and empire reveals how eugenics was central to colonial racial
theories before World War Two.
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