This book examines the tendency in market economies to reduce the
time workers spend at their place of employment and considers the
role scientific management has played in this development. The
author contends that the changing nature of worktime can be
explained by changes in both the capitalistic production process
and the demands that this process places on the
psycho-physiological capacities of human beings. Between 1870 and
1980, the total annual worktime in major industrialized nations
decreased by approximately 40 percent. This accelerated rate of
worktime change is discussed in the context of the economic revival
of capitalism that began in the first half of the twentieth century
and culminated in the "long boom" of 1945-1970. Professor Nyland
argues that this revival is primarily explained by the rapid
development and application of the process associated with
scientific management. He further asserts that this science has
been seriously misunderstood by most modern scholars outside
socialist nations. Few have recognized the extent to which it has
expanded the capacity of human beings to overcome poverty and to
limit the power of the market's invisible hand.
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