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A first level trigger approach for the CBM experiment (Hardcover)
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A first level trigger approach for the CBM experiment (Hardcover)
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In view of the very heavy CBM experiment constraints on the first
level trigger, no conventional trigger is obviously applicable.
Hence a fast trigger algorithm with the goal of realization in
reconfigurable hardware had to be developed to fulfil all
requirements of the experiment. In this connection the general
Hough transform, which is already utilized in several other
experiments, is used as a basis. This approach constitutes further
a global method for tracking, which transforms all particle
interaction points with the detector stations by means of a defined
formula into a parameter space corresponding to the momentum of the
particle tracks. This formula is of course developed especially for
the given environment of CBM and defines thus the core of the
applied three dimensional Hough transform. As the main focus of
attention is furthermore on the realization of the needed data
throughput, the necessary complex formula calculations give reason
to outsource predefined formula results in look-up tables. This
circumstance offers then collaterally the possibility to utilize
any other sufficiently precise method like Runge-Kutta of fourth
order for example to compute these look-up tables, because this
computation can be evidently done offline without any effect on the
Hough transform's processing speed. For algorithm simulation
purposes the CBMROOT framework provides the module htrack', which
is written in the programming language C++. This module includes
many analyses for the determination of algorithm parameters, which
can be even executed automatically to some extent. In addition to
this, there are of course also analyses for the measurement of the
algorithm's quality as well as for the individual rating of each
partial step of the algorithm. Consequently the milestone of a
customizable level one tracking algorithm, which can be used
without any specific knowledge, is now obtained. Besides this, the
investigated concepts are explicitly considered in the implement
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