During the 1920s and 1930s, Willis Richardson (1889-1977) was
highly respected as a leading African-American playwright and drama
anthologist. His plays were performed by numerous black high
school, college, and university drama groups and by theater
companies in Chicago, New York, Washington D.C., Cleveland,
Baltimore, and Atlanta. With the opening of "The Chip Woman's
Fortune" (1923), he became the first African American to have a
play produced on Broadway. Several of his 46 plays were published
in assorted magazines, and in his essays, he urged black Americans
to seek their dramatic material in their own lives and
circumstances. In addition, he edited three anthologies of plays by
African-Americans. But between 1940 and his death in 1977,
Richardson came to realize that his plays were period pieces and
that they no longer reflected the problems and situations of
African-Americans. In the years before his death, he attempted
vigorously yet unsuccessfully to preserve several of his plays
through publication, if not production. But the man who has been
called the father of African-American drama and who was considered
the hope and promise of African-American drama died in
obscurity.
Richardson has even been neglected by the scholarly community.
This critical biography, the first extensive consideration of his
life and work, firmly reestablishes his pioneering role in American
theater. The book begins with a detailed chronology, followed by a
thoughtful biographical essay. The volume then examines the nature
of African-American drama in the 1920s, the period during which
Richardson was most productive, and it analyzes his approach to
drama as a means of educating African-American audiences. It then
explores the African-American community as the central theme in
Richardson's plays, for Richardson typically looks at the
consequences of refusals by blacks to help one another. The work
additionally considers Richardson's history plays, his anthologies,
his dramas intended for black children, and his essays. A
concluding chapter summarizes his lasting influence; the book
closes with a listing of his plays and an extensive
bibliography.
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