The ideas of Max Wertheimer (1880-1943), a founder of Gestalt
theory, are discussed in almost all general books on the history of
psychology, and in most introductory textbooks on psychology. This
intellectual biography of Wertheimer is the first book-length
treatment of a scholar whose ideas are recognized as of central
importance to fields as varied as social psychology, cognitive
neuroscience, problem solving, art, and visual neuroscience. King
and Wertheimer trace the origins of Gestalt thought, demonstrating
its continuing importance in fifteen chapters and several
supplements to these chapters. They begin by reviewing Wertheimer's
ancestry, family, and childhood in central Europe, and his formal
education. They elaborate on his activities during the period in
which he began to develop the ideas that were later to become
central to Gestalt psychology, documenting the formal emergence of
this school of thought and tracing its development during World War
I. The maturation of the Gestalt school at the University of Berlin
during 1922-29 is discussed in detail. Wertheimer's everyday life
in America during his last decade is well documented, based in part
on his son's recollections. The early reception of Gestalt theory
in the United States is examined, with extensive references to
articles in professional journals and periodicals. Wertheimer's
relationships and interaction with three prominent psychologists of
the time, Edwin G. Boring, Clark L. Hull, and Alexander Luria, are
discussed, based on unpublished correspondence. The final chapters
discuss Wertheimer's essays on democracy, freedom, ethics, and
truth, and detail personal challenges Wertheimer faced during his
last years. His major work, published after his death, is
Productive Thinking. Its reception is examined, and a concluding
chapter considers the legacy of Max Wertheimer and Gestalt theory
in the decades since his death. This intellectual biography will be
of interest to psychologists and readers interested in science,
modern European history, and the Holocaust.
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