How, in the years before the advent of urban maps, did city
residents conceptualize and navigate their communities? In bas
strikingly original book, Daniel Lord Smail develops a new method
and a new vocabulary for understanding how urban men and women
thought about their personal geography. His thorough research of
property records of late medieval Marseille leads him to conclude
that its inhabitants charted their city, its social structure, and
their own identities within that structure through a set of
cartographic grammars which powerfully shaped their lives.
Prior to the fourteenth century, different interest groups --
notaries, royal officials, church officials, artisans -- developed
their own cartographies in accordance with their own social,
political, or administrative agendas. These competing templates
were created around units ranging from streets and islands to
vicinities and landmarks. Smail shows how the notarial template,
which privileged the street as the most basic marker of address,
gradually emerged as the cartographic norm. This transformation, he
argues, led to the rise of modern urban maps and helped to
inaugurate the process whereby street addresses were attached to
citizen identities, a crucial development in the larger enterprise
of nation building.
Imaginary Cartographies opens up powerful new means for
exploring Late medieval and Renaissance urban society, while
advancing understanding of the role of social perceptions in
history.
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